Primary tabs

Connecting the Commercial Centres, and Rich Farms of MISSOURI,
The Broad Corn and Wheat Fields and Thriving Towns of KANSAS,
The Fertile River Valleys and Trade Centres of NEBRASKA,
The Grand, Picturesque and Enchanting Scenery, and the Famous Mining Districts of COLORADO,
The Agricultural, Fruit, Mineral and Timber Lands, and Famous Hot Springs of ARKANSAS,
The Beautiful Rolling Prairies and Woodlands of the INDIAN TERRITORY,
The Sugar Plantations of LOUISIANA,
The Cotton and Grain Fields, the Cattle Ranges and Winter Resorts of TEXAS,
Historical and Scenic OLD AND NEW MEXICO,
And forms with its Connections the Popular Winter Route to ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA.

For descriptive land pamphlets, county and sectional maps of above States, Resort book, pamphlet on Hot Springs, Ark., and further information, address any of Company's Agents, or the General Passenger Agent.

S. H. H. CLARK, Vice-President and General Manager.
H. C. TOWNSEND, General Passenger and Ticket Agent.

ST. LOUIS, MO.

ii

ACADEMY OF ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING.

Our great defect in our otherwise admirable system of schools and colleges is the almost entire absence of technical instruction. While not neglecting those useful subjects which are considered to form the sum and substance of a good education, it is undoubtedly the fact that the pressing need of the day is for some means by which a more thoroughly practical knowledge of the various branches of industry may be obtained at a figure that will not be prohibiting to the mechanic on weekly wages. Mr. H. Maack had the honor six years ago to lay the foundation of the Academy of Architecture and Building, and under his able direction it has become an absolute necessity to the industries in question, and is now annually turning out graduates who at once step into positions which they could not previously have filled. At that time this was the first institute of the kind in the United States, but it proved such a conspicuous success from the very first, that the others were founded in the chief centers of the Union, and are now doing similar good work in their respective community. The Academy occupies a convenient four story residence, at 827 Chouteau avenue, which is internally well adapted to the requirements of the case. Classes are held here during the entire year, and are chiefly patronized by carpenters, builders, masons, etc., who have felt the disadvantages of being without such instruction that institution is designed to give. Mr. Maack's scholars, who are of all ages between fifteen and fifty, receive a thorough training in mathematics, pure and practically applied, physics, drawing in all its branches, architecture, the construction of models, surveying, as far as applicable to the builder's work, book keeping, specifications, accounts of building costs, etc., actual work being done whenever practicable, and the most graphic impressive methods being invariably used. Mr. Maack justly places so much stress upon drawing, that he also conducts a school for this art on the same premises during six nights every week throughout a winter term of six months, and during the six summer months on three nights each week. Mr. Maack is a native of Germany, who came to St. Louis nearly ten years ago. He is an architect himself of great ability, (a graduate with high honors of the German Imperial Academy of Architecture) making a specialty of private residences, having erected in this city the following structures: Mr. Drozda's and Mr. Schoenele's residences, on Wisconsin avenue, opposite Benton Park: Mr. Linz's and Mr. Schumacher's residences, on Jefferson, avenue, near Concordia Seminary, also a store and dwelling house for the latter, in the same vicinity; Col. Albrecht's residence, on Michigan avenue, near Lafayette avenue; Fruend's flats, on corner of Penn and Cambria Streets: store and also dwelling house on the corner of Sydney and Liberty streets; Schnieder's flats at Jefferson, Mrs. Ebrecht's flats on California avenue, near Cherokee street. The chapel at St. Matthew's Cemetery, and many other buildings equally favorable. He deserves the earnest and hearty support of every good citizen, for his well-directed efforts for improvement of the condition of workmen in these particularly important lines, and his academy and those modeled upon its pattern are undoubtedly destined to exert the same influence in trade circles as that felt in mercantile lines by indispensable business colleges. Lately also some ladies have taken advantage of the course, and have prepared themselves for employment in architect's offices. It is the intention of Mr. Maack to add a trades-school where boys may be taught any desirable trade or industry, either mechanical or otherwise. It is rumored in trade circles that the Mechanic's Exchange will participate in this movement. Special courses in manual training, higher mathematics, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, languages, typewriting and penmanship. Day and nigh sessions. Pro spectus containing full particulars and a book giving important hints on technical education sent on receipt of 15 cents.

iii

GRAND OPERA HOUSE.

MARKET STREET.

J. W. NORTON, Proprietor and Manager.

Ever since the opening night, May 10, 1852, the St. Louis Grand Opera House has been a leading attraction to amusement goers, and its management has been such as to commend it to the general public as eminently worthy of their approbation and support. It was first known as the Varieties Theater, and afterward was called Debar's Theater. About thirteen years ago the present name was adopted. It was immediately rebuilt after it was destroyed by fire November 23, 1884. The Grand Opera House is a superior five-story pressed brick building, 76x195 feet in area. The interior is spacious, elegantly furnished, and perfect in all its arrangements and appointments, The stage is 46x72 feet in dimensions, and the seating capacity of the house is 2,500. There are eight private boxes. The house is fully equipped with all modern appliances, electric lights, steam heat, etc., while the means of escape in case of fire are absolutely perfect. There are large dressing rooms for actors and actresses, and every accommodation for a large company. There is a fine orchestra, a full staff of ticket-sellers, doorkeepers, etc., and, thanks to the spirited and intelligent management, the Grand Opera House is a model theater in every respect. It is eligibly situated on Market street, and is the recognized theater in St. Louis for grand and comic opera, melodrama, grand spectacle, and all first class attractions that are benefited by a large stage. The leading famous actors and actresses of Europe and the United States have appeared here. Mr. Norton, who is the manager and proprietor, was formerly a noted actor, but has retired from the stage. He is highly esteemed by the community for his enterprise and strict integrity, and is constantly bringing on the stage a series of high class companies, offering attractions that draw large audiences.

iv

WEINHEIMER

Importers and Packers of Leaf Tobacco.

No. 206 WALNUT STREET, St. LOUIS, MO.

THE enterprise displayed by the leaf tobacco merchants of St. Louis has long been a source of credit to the city, and has done much to advance the mercantile interests of the community. The city is favorably situated to command this trade, and men of experience have not been slow to recognize the fact. In connection with these remarks we desire to refer to the reliable and influential firm of Messrs. Weinheimer & Opp, importers and packers of leaf tobacco, whose office and warehouse are at No. 206 Walnut street. This extensive business was established in 1883 by Messrs. J. Weinheimer and Fred Opp, who conducted it till 1883, when Mr. Opp purchased Mr. Weinheimer's interest and continued alone. Eventually he admitted Mr. F. W. Weinheimer, a nephew of Mr. J. Weinheimer, into partnership. Both partners are recognized authorities relative to the quantities and values of all grades of domestic or imported tobaccos, and a test of them is quite sufficient to finally fix the value of any particular lot. They occupy a spacious four-story and basement building, 32x120 feet in dimensions, fully equipped with every convenience for the accommodation of the choice, extensive and valuable stock. Mr. Opp goes every year to Cuba, where he selects a stock of finest Havana tobacco, which is eagerly sought for by leading cigar manufacturers. They are constantly receiving tobacco from Connecticut, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and New York State, and quote prices that necessarily attract the attention of close and careful buyers. Their stock includes the finest grades of Havana and Sumatra tobaccos. Orders are filled with care and dispatch. The trade of the house extends south to New Orleans, north to St. Paul, east to Cincinnati and west to Denver. Mr. Weinheimer is a native of St. Louis, while Mr. Opp was born in Lawrenceburg, Ind., but has resided in the Mound city for the last twenty-two years. They are honorable, energetic and liberal business men, who are extremely popular in trade circles. Mr. Opp is a Knight Templar Mason and an active member of the Mercantile Club.

v

Electropoise.

NATURE'S OWN REMEDY FOR THE CURE OF DISEASE.

SLOWLY, but surely, during the past few years the Electropoise has forged its way to the front as the grandest discovery of the age for the cure of disease. The Electropoise, briefly, is an instrument for the generation of thermal electricity, which, acting upon the system, causes it to absorb from the atmosphere oxygen. This, fusing with other gases in the body, produces combustion in the tissues, and causes all disease to be thrown off, and at the same time generates vital force and stimulates every function and vital process in the organization. The Electropoise tones up the system, purifies the blood, imparts vitality, produces a normal appetite, promotes digestion, and causes a refreshing sleep. The Electropoise has a range of application to the cure of diseases which neither drugs nor any other known method of cure can boast; and it must of necessity be curative of both acute and chronic diseases, since it is pre-eminently Nature's remedial agent throughout. It has performed the most skillful feats of every path. It has cured nearly all forms of disease in the tropics, as well as in the temperate zones, with magical ease and incredible speed, even when the treatment has been under the direction of the unskilled and unlearned. It has saved multitudes of lives which, through chronic organic disease, had become a burden almost unendurable to their possessors and at stages of advancement from which the skill of man had never before snatched a single life. Acute diseases, including pneumonia, fevers, and affections having their origin in colds, diphtheria, cholera-morbus, etc., are cured in a few hours. Chronic diseases necessarily demand more time, patience, and persevering attention to repair the injury wrought by long-continued illness; still, the Electropoise cures with a certainty, speed, and success far beyond the power of drugs, even though in the hands of the most skillful physician; and many cures are wrought by this most wonderful remedial agent, which, to any other known method, are utterly impossible. Therefore, let none be discouraged with the numerous failures of the past, nor the suffering through so many years, but write out a history and description of the case and send it with stamp for reply to this office. Consultation free and invited. Each instrument is accompanied by an excellent book of instruction, enabling any intelligent person to use it with complete success, even in terrible forms of disease and dangerous emergencies hitherto only considered proper for the hands of the most skillful and conscientious physician.

National ELECTROPOISE CO.,
410 Mermod & Jaccard Building, St. Louis, Mo.

vi

PONATH

REAL ESTATE AGENTS AND NOTARIES PUBLIC.

NO. 515 CHESTNUT STREET.

ST. LOUIS undoubtedly owes much of her growth and prosperity to the real estate men of the "Mound City," who by their push, industry and energy, have kept the superior advantages of the city well before the public. Among the most prominent firms in this line in the city is that of Ponath & Co., real estate agents, and notaries public, at No. 515 Chestnut street. The firm was established fourteen years ago. They have been eight years in the present location, and previous to this were in the court-house. They do a very large and extensive real estate business, collecting rents, loan money on approved securities, negotiate loans, and handle all classes of business, residence and suburban properties, making a specialty of the supplemental additions to Kirkwood. They occupy handsome offices at the above number, employ five assistants, and do a very large and increasing business in all of their lines. Mr. Ponath was born in St. Louis thirty-eight years ago, is a prominent member of the Odd Fellows, and is highly respected in commercial and social circles.

16

PURE MILK.

THE ST. LOUIS DAIRY COMPANY was incorporated in 1882, with a view to supplying the people of St. Louis with absolutely pure milk and cream.

They are the first manufacturers of condensed milk in Missouri, and are now devoting their special attention to the production of Germless Condensed Milk, which is entirely germless, and retains all of its butter fat and other qualities of the milk, making it really more wholesome than when taken from the cow.

As figures speak more than words, the following table will give some idea of the progress of this business. They handled in

1883 — 243,000 gallons of Milk and Cream.
1887 — 577,920 gallons of Milk and Cream.
1888 — 754,370 gallons of Milk and Cream.
1889 — 915,123 gallons of Milk and Cream.
1890 — 1,432,819 gallons of Milk and Cream.
1891 — 1,535,000 gallons of Milk and Cream.

A Few Facts Worthy the Notice of Our Readers.

Add two parts of water to one of Sterilized Condensed Milk, which will make it equal as fluid milk at a cost of 32 cents a gallon.

It is absolutely pure, positively retaining all its nutritious qualities. It is Sterilized by heat without separating the butter fat or other solids.

Sterilized Condensed Milk, a new product, is better from a sanitary standpoint than any other known way of preparing it, and is far superior and purer than sweetened condensed milk.

The preparation known as "Evaporated Cream," is nothing more than Sterilized Condensed Milk, and contains no more solids than the Germless Condensed Milk made by the St. Louis Dairy Company. The term, therefore, "Evaporated Cream" is a misnomer, and is liable to mislead the uninformed as to its richness.

17

Pen and Sunlight Sketches of St. Louis.

Introduction.

IT is a common fallacy to suppose that prefaces are never read, and that the task of writing them is a mere perfunctory compliance with the requirements of custom; yet despite this fact, the compiler of this volume does not feel authorized to commit it to the press without a few introductory remarks. It may, perhaps, be necessary to state that there has been no attempt to write a detailed history of the Mound City, but merely to present in the historical portion of the volume an outline sketch of the prominent items in the record of St. Louis' many years of progress, and to supplement these with such facts in regard to the city of to-day as will best serve to illustrate her wonderful growth and present prominence in the pursuits of civilization. The information in the work has been gleaned from many sources. Every volume known to have been written in relation to the history of the city has been examined, and files of newspapers have been consulted from the earliest times. The actual data with regard to the heading business concerns has been obtained by house-to-house canvass and personal interview with their respective owners. The information contained, therefore, in such articles is entirely trustworthy, and represents the constant labor of a corps of reporters for several months. It has, in fact, been the aim of the publishers to produce a work that will become a standard authority on the matter it contains, and no labor or expense has been spared to make it the most attractive and useful book of its kind ever published. The illustrations are artistic, appropriate and original; while the literary features have been made entertaining as well as instructive. Money has not been spared in its typographical execution — a fact which ought to go far toward its favorable reception by the public and those residing in this and foreign countries to whom it will be sent, informing them of the great and growing prosperity of this section of this truly "Almighty Republic." With sincere thanks to those who have received the representatives of this work with a spirit of courtesy, to the public for its generous support, to the press for its wise discrimination that induced its hearty aid, and the expression of a hope that the work will be received favorably, and its usefulness, felt generally, we take the liberty to subscribe ourselves,
THE PUBLISHERS.

33 The Founding of St. Louis.

SPREAD on the west bank of the far-famed Mississippi River, "the father of waters," is the city of St. Louis, the commercial "Gateway of the Sunny South," and one of the most populous, progressive business centers on the American continent. The St. Louis of 127 years ago was conspicuously lacking in everything that makes the modern city attractive, except the extent of territory and advantages of situation. In fact, the "Gateway of the South" existed only in the mind of the pioneer Laclede, who, after "blazing" some trees to mark the place lest his city should fail to materialize, and

34

Instructing his companion, Augusti Chouteau, a young man who had accompanied him, "to come here as soon as the river will be free from ice, and cause this place to be cleared, and form a settlement according to the plan I shall give you" returned to Fort de Chartres, and told M. de Neyon de Villiers and his officers that "he had found a situation where he intended establishing a settlement, which in future, would become one of the most beautiful cities in America."

Were these pioneers of civilization endowed with prophetic vision? or was it the rejuvenating influence of the new world that drove them on, and, with each advance, showed them that there was more to be possessed? No matter what the answer may be, the fact remains that La Salle, Penn, Marquette, Joliet, Laclede and kindred spirits, alive to the possibilities of the country, "drew aside the veil of the future" so far as to see at least one century ahead of their time, and built accordingly. In this, being wiser than their fellows, they accomplished more in their few years than had been done in the sixteen centuries of christendom.

Possibly the crusades, the persecutions and the extravagances of Royalty, had prepared the way for the era of Revolution. We ask, was revolution and progress to become synonymous in this country and find a happy fruition in the acme of nations? It seems so, for it is certain that the spirit of expansion, tolerance, interdependence and determination that filled the breasts of these doughty founders was the talismanic influence that resulted in the establishment of this nation. It was in December, 1763, that Laclede located the place for

THE FOUNDING OF ST. LOUIS.

He had left New Orleans with a company consisting of trappers, mechanics, agriculturists and hunters, early in the summer of the same year, and, having stopped at Ste. Genevieve and Fort de Chartres, villages and posts on the Mississippi, made his location and returned to Fort de Chatres for the winter. Here he made preparations for the settlement of his town in the spring. Laclede was a member of a company that had been given a charter for the exclusive privilege of trade with the savages of the Missouri, as far north as the St. Peter's River, the title of the company being "Laclede Linquist, Antione Maxent & Co."

The preparations being made, and the river being free from ice, a select party was formed and dispatched to the location designated by Laclede, the young lieutenant Chouteau being in command, with instructions to clear the place marked, and erect a tool-shed and cabins. They arrived at their destination on the fifteenth day of February, 1764, and the next day began the foundations of the great city. In March, Laclede arrived in person, and planned his own habitation. The block of ground between Market and Walnut streets, (first Main), consisting of about 300 feet, formed the place of settlement, which Laclede named St. Louis, in honor of Louis XV., King of France, not knowing that the whole section west of the Mississippi had been disposed of to the King of Spain;

When the country east of the Mississippi was ceded to the English, the population of the new settlement began at once to increase, and its importance as a trading post was established by the influx of French traders from the region of the Illinois. These settlers brought their capital and their business and became part of the new settlement. All the early settlers of St. Louis were a simple people, rough, contented and happy, living in cabins made of logs of wood set on end and shingled over, and getting their substance by trading for pelts and some agriculture. In 1765 the population was increased by the arrival of about forty soldiers under Louis St. Ange de Bellerine, who had given up Fort de Chartres to the English officer appointed to take possession of it. De Bellerine was immensely popular, and withal a man of great ability; and with rare good judgment the people made him head of affairs. He administered to the necessities in making allotments and settling cases, and was always honored and respected.

When it became known that the King of France had ceded the whole region known as Louisiana to the Spaniards there was an outbreak of indignation and dismay; however, no trouble was had, as Spain did not force a sudden change upon the people, but adopted a conciliatory method and let them alone for a time. On August 11, 1768, the representative of the commandant-general of

35

Louisiana arrived in St. Louis. He never exercised his authority, however, and left the place when the commandant Ulla left New Orleans.

The people lived in a state of arcadian simplicity, cultivating what were known as common fields, the labor being done on true socialistic principles, but each having the right to dispose of his portion as he might please. The gathering of the crops, the turning in and out of cattle, and repairs were governed by the laws they established, and when one of their number was taken sick his field was taken care of for him. To the pioneer settlers these were golden days of happiness and simplicity, and working in unison. No wonder the place prospered!

It was in 1770 that Don Alexander O'Rielly became the new Spanish commandant-general of New Orleans, and sent Piernas to St. Louis to represent him there. With unfeigned sorrow the people saw

36

their flag hauled down and replaced by the Spanish ensign. In this year the first church was consecrated, being a little log affair with the chinks filled with mortar. Pedro Piernas proved an amiable and good governor, and endeared himself to the people; he made a Spanish captain of St. Ange de Bellerine, and wholly disarmed the prejudices of the people.

The domination of the Spaniards was characterized throughout by mildness of manner and deference to the customs of the settlers, and the several changes in representatives were made harmoniously and without detriment to the settlers.

Laclede died early, while on a trip to New Orleans, and was buried somewhere on the Arkansas, greatly lamented. The settlement had the troubles incident to a new settlement in those days, an Indian scare, a brush with river pirates, a flood of the "father of waters" and poverty.

Then the first fever of real estate speculation began, with large grants obtained under various pretexts only to be sold and increased, and subdivided and sold again, in true "boom" style. In 1788, the population of St. Louis and adjoining villages were 1,197 people. In 1788 the census then gave St. Louis 925 people and the surrounding towns sufficient to make the population of the district 6,028. In 1800 Napoleon Bonaparte had forced Spain into a treaty in which she ceded all of the territory west of the Mississippi, known as Louisiana, to him, but finding that his acquisition was distasteful to, and likely disputed by England, he arranged a sale of the province to the new American government, the sale being effected upon the payment by the United States of 60,000,000 francs, and the assuming of a debt if 20,000,000 more, due American citizens by France, by way of indemnity for maritime spoliation. When it became known that Louisiana had been purchased by the United States, speculations became rifle, and the whole crowd became clamorous for grants, many struggling to especially secure the sections in which minerals had been found. Under the new order of thing the town grew rapidly and soon had trading companies been organized, changes in the mail service effected, newspapers started, and on August 24, 1816 the Bank of St. Louis was incorporated. This bank failed in a short time, but the Missouri Bank was organized with a capital of $250,000, only to be engulfed in the same destructive maelstrom of destruction - speculation. The receipts and expenditures for the year ending November 3, 1817, were as follows: Receipts from taxes, $2,2074.83 1/2. Expenditures, $1,048.43 1/4. On the ninth of December, 1822, an act was passed to incorporate the town of St. Louis, and in April, 1823, the first Mayor, William Carr Lane, and nine Aldermen were elected. Thus was the great central city founded, its prosperity fixed on a firm basis, and its future made as certain as the flow of the rivers its graces as queen. St. Louis has a superb location in the very center of the great Mississippi Valley. Eighteen miles above the city, the Missouri empties its waters into the Mississippi, and it, by its central location, has become the most important railroad point in the country over 28,500 miles of railroad center here: and

37

these drain the richest farming, cattle raising, lumber and mineral districts of the world. It has a river frontage of twenty miles, and an open commerce with the Gulf of Mexico the year round, thus making it equally important from a maritime point of view, so that the proud boast of the city has become that it is the great food center of America, the largest railroad center in America, the largest river navigation in America, and the greatest tobacco manufacturing market in the world. Her streets are admirably arranged, kept in the best possible state of cleanliness and supplied with every convenience of travel. The great "Father of waters" forms the eastern boundary of the city, making a curve in the form of a crescent, and giving the water front of the city a convex form. From the river the main thoroughfare runs in a westerly direction, the ground rising gently to a plateau about forty feet above the first, or the one fronting on the river.

The Streets.

St. Louis is among the best planned cities of the world, the streets intersecting each other for the most part at right angles, running north and south, east and west. The dividing line, running east and west is Market street and its extension, Laclede avenue. The streets running north and south are numbered in regular order from No. 1 or First street, upward, the blocks being in their numerical order according to their distance from the river. The avenues running east and west each bear some name, as Walnut, Chestnut, Washington, etc. The streets running north and south at their dividing line, Market street, are known as "North" or "South," as "North" Second street or "South" Second street. Each block is represented by one hundred numbers, counting west from Main or First street, as also north and south from Market street. The houses on the east and south sides of the streets are represented by even numbers, those on the north and west sides by odd numbers. Thus 707 North Fourth street is in the seventh block north of Market street, on the west side of the street. All the integral numbers of each block are the same, so it can easily be told, by a glance at the block number, how many blocks north or south of Market street or west of the river a given number is.

The city contains about 600 miles of streets, 350 of which are fully improved, and about 250 miles legally opened or dedicated, but yet to be improved. The business section of the city is mostly paved with granite blocks, and the other portions with wood blocks laid on concrete base, asphaltum, and Telford pavement. The improvements in the past thirteen years have aggregated a cost of $18,052,629.28, and these are the best "sewered" and "sprinkled" streets in the United States, Twenty-five lines of street railways, nearly all cable and electric, give access to all portions of the city, the uniform rate of fare being five cents.

The earliest settled portions of the city have become the business center, as is the case in most large cities, and the levee or river front is of the most important commercial interest. St. Louis owes its very existence to the river, and it is of the greatest commercial import. It is the "leaven" of rates, and the balance wheel that prevents the railroads from consuming profits by exorbitant charges. There has been a marked improvement in river carriage in the past few years, and the supremacy of the river transportation will again assert itself. The receipts and shipments of freight for 1890 were 1,265,592 tons, and the traffic and profits thereon, were greater than for twenty-five years. "The great river" and its tributary afford 18,000 miles of connected watercourses, supplying greater fluvial facilities for internal commerce than any other country in the world possesses. All along the levee are the shipping and wholesale houses. Here great storehouses for hides and pelts are found, also tobacco warehouses, general merchandising, and the commission merchants. The scene here is always a busy one, the streets being nearly impassible because of the huge piles of merchandise. This district extends as far west as Second street. Third street is the Wall street of St. Louis, here are located many of the leading banks, broker's offices, insurance and telegraph offices, and freight lines, the Merchants' Exchange and newspaper offices. Fourth street is the great fashionable thoroughfare, the terminus of many street car lines and the leading retail street of the city. Olive street, running west from the river, is one of the principal streets of the city. Going out from this

38

street to Fourth street, we have looming up before us, on the southwest corner of these streets, the lofty and majestic Laclede building. Taking an elevator we go to the top, and, having obtained permission, mount still higher by the stairway until the roof is gained, from which we obtain a BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE CITY.

From our elevated position, is gained a view to delight the eye and to be remembered a lifetime. On all sides the great "mound city" stretches out, north, south, east and west. It looks like the plan of a subdivision fresh from the pen and ruler of the draughtsman. Tall spires and chimneys pierce the sky, towering office buildings look down on solid warehouses. Away off in the distance a world of green is seen where the parks may be located, and above all rises the shriek of the whistle, the pound of the hammer, the clang of the bell, the rumble of the wagon, and the hum of the thousands bent on business or pleasure. Turning to the east, we see the great "Father of Waters" stretching along like a huge serpent sunning itself, oblivious of the thousands of parasites bent on disturbing it. We gaze upon it in wonder and admiration, this the greatest river of the world; and it seems almost impossible that only 128 years ago, he for whom this building is named, came up this river and settled here, where only the trees stood sentinel on the bluff. How great the changes! How true his prophecy! To-day the bosom of the stream is dotted with a mighty commerce, great palaces float on its bosom, valuable cargoes are carried thousands of miles, and the whole place has become of the greatest commercial importance, the key of the inland country. The river is navigable north to Dubuque, Minneapolis and St. Paul, and south to New Orleans and the Gulf. Eighteen miles above, the Missouri joins it, and this river is navigable across the state to Kansas City. This gives an idea of the maritime power of St. Louis.

East St. Louis.

Looking over and beyond the river we see another city, a lesser St. Louis, stretching before us. Here lies a city with over 25,000 inhabitants, one of the most prosperous cities in the world. It is complete in churches, sewerage, viaducts, schools and everything that goes toward making a city of the first class. The population of this city has been trebled in a few years, and it has every natural advantage to make it great. It is almost the center of a population of 65,000,000 people; has access to 23,000 miles of river navigation, and is surrounded by immense iron and coal deposits, sufficient to supply the demand of ages. Here are located the second largest stock yards in America, doing a business of $40,000,000 annually, and employing 12,000 operatives.

There are nineteen trunk lines of railroads centering in East St. Louis, draining the richest iron, cotton, lumber, agricultural and coal regions of the world. Following this scene our eyes rest irresistibly on the two links of steel connecting these two cities, the great bridges.

The Great Steel Bridge.

is the finest of its kind in the world, and, until the completion of the New York and Brooklyn bridge, was the finest and most expensive in this country. It is a grand triumph of the most daring and wonderful engineering skill. It was the first bridge to span the Mississippi. The cost of this structure was $10,000,000, and took five years to build, many lives being lost during its construction. This bridge was planned and built by the famous Captain Jas. B. Eads of St. Louis. The approach to the bridge is at Washington avenue and Third street, extending across the river into the very heart of East St. Louis. The entire length is more than a mile — 6,220 feet. It is fifty-four feet wide, and has two stories, the under portion having two tracks for railroad trains, and the upper, a roadway for pedestrians and vehicles. It has three spans, the central arch being 520 feet and the others 502 feet. The center span is fifty-five feet above the water, thus allowing the passage of the largest steamboats. The work was begun in March, 1869 and the bridge completed and opened to the public July 4, 1874. The Merchants' bridge was built in 1889, at a cost of $3,000,000, and opened on March 18, 1890. A feature of traffic in this district is the tunnel as a terminal to the Ead's bridge. This was built at a

39

cost of $1,000,000, and is ventilated by fans, very ingeniously constructed. It is 4,900 feet long, and is built under Washington avenue and Eight street to the Union depot. The height is sixteen and one-half feet, and the width is sufficient for two tracks. It is lighted by electricity and gas.

From our vantage we have a full sweep of many of the leading thoroughfares, and, glancing below us, trace Olive street to the river. From the river west for two blocks it looks like a barricade erected in time of revolution. Boxes and bales are piled high, and teams and teamsters struggle to make a way through the confusion. At Third street the scene changes completely and bank messengers are seen hurrying to and fro. Brokers, commission men, clerks and well-to-do merchants take possession of the sidewalks and dart in and out of dingy looking offices, and, in times of excitement, call across the narrow street to each other. The street is very narrow in this section, but widens out at Fourth street, where the terminus of the Missouri railroad is found. This splendid cable system runs the full length of Olive street, from the river on the east to the great Forest park on the west. The building beneath us belongs to the Laclede Bank, one of the most stable institutions in the city, with a capital of $1,000,000 and a surplus of $1,400,000. The Laclede building is a noble structure, eight stories high, built of brown stone and pressed brick, is fireproof and cost $500,000.

On the right hand side, going west, just before reaching Broadway, is the Third National Bank, another strong institution having a capital of $1,000,000. The interior is a marvel of elegance, and its directors are among the strongest merchants and capitalists of the city. Here the street scene again changes, and from Fourth street, this thoroughfare is crowded with wealth and beauty. St. Louis is noted for the beauty of its women, and to verify this boast it is only necessary

40

to visit this section at any time of a bright clear day. Beautiful faces, rich costumes, and elegant manners, speak of the glory and wealth of this stable old city.

Reaching Broadway, we find a scene similar to that on State and Washington streets, Chicago, or Chestnut and Eight streets, Philadelphia. On the northeast corner of Broadway and Olive streets is the Bank of Commerce, with a capital of $3,000,000 and a surplus of $600,000. The building owned by the bank is one of the glories of the city, and rises eight stories in the air, presenting an imposing appearance. At Sixth and Olive the Commercial building is another feature, and has the leading furnishing goods house for gentlemen, the leading retail drug store and a notable jewelry and silver house on the ground floor. The northwest corner is occupied by a famous dry goods house, which is as prominent in St. Louis, as is Stewart's in New York, or Field's in Chicago. The curb is here lined with carriages and the store always crowded with the elite of the city. On the block between Eighth and Ninth, Olive and Locust streets is erected the finest building in the city, the

41

UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE AND POST-OFFICE.

United States Custom House and Post-Office.

This is a massive structure, and one of the finest pieces of architecture in the country. It is built of native and Maine granites, and is fireproof. It cost $8,000,000 and consumed eleven years in building. It contains many offices used for government purposes, the assistant U. S. Treasurer, the Circuit and District Courts, Collector of Customs, Internal Revenue Collector, and others occupy these offices, while the lower floor and basement is utilized by the post-office. The immense dome is used by the United States Signal Service, and a review of the records kept by these officers, show St. Louis to be one of the most equitable climates in which to live and refutes the accepted idea of its extreme heat in the summer months. The fact that nine months of the year, from September to June, St. Louis has a climate equal to that of Denver; and the average annual percentage of "wholly clear" days is 34 per cent, of "partly cloudy" days 39 per cent, of "cloudy" days 27 per cent, and of "days on which rain falls" 31 per cent. The mean annual temperature is 55.5 degrees, rainfall 38.4 inches. The highest temperature reported in twenty years was 106.4, in 1881, and lowest 21.5 below zero on January 5, 1884. The extremes of heat occur here in the months of June, July, August and September, and the daily average maximum temperature is as follows: June 83.4, July 87.2, August 85.9 and September 77.9 degrees. These figures taken in comparison with those of such cities as Louisville, Cincinnati, Omaha and St. Paul, show St. Louis to be subjected to no greater heat in summer, and to be warmer in comparison during the winter months. The average daily minimum temperature for July and August in St. Louis, is 70.9 and 67.9; and the maximum 87.2 and 85.9, the difference between the maximum and minimum shows how comfortable the day's temperature has been and the figures above give an average range in each month of sixteen degrees and eighteen degrees, showing that one can dwell in St. Louis with as much comfort, during the summer months as in Chicago or other resorts. The above facts are taken from the statement of Lieut. F. R. Day, the signal officer.

The postal receipts at St. Louis for 1890 were $1,198,361.23, an increase over 1889 of 12.37 per cent; 13,845,768 pounds of mail matter were received from postal routes and other post-offices for distribution and dispatch. The number of pieces of mail matter delivered and collected by carriers was 97,073,566 in 1890, an increase over 1889 of 10.75 per cent. The facilities for the collection and delivery of mail matter have been greatly increased recently, and the city now has five substations, at which registered letters and money orders are delivered and received; several more being projected. The employes of the post-office number 531, with twenty-eight substitutes and nine special delivery messengers. The report of the collector for the port of St. Louis shows that the collections for 1890, amounted to $1,377,767.72. The post-office building covers the block bounded by Olive, Locust, Eighth and Ninth streets, is heated by steam, has a complete equipment of elevators, an electric light plant, and is one of the best in the country.

Directly opposite the Government building, on the south side of the street, is the Fagin building, one of the most novel and beautiful structures in the city; it rises eight stories and is fronted with red granite; it has the appearance of being six piers of granite set on end 152 feet high, with plate glass between. Next to this, cornering on Ninth street, is the celebrated Odd Fellows' hall, one of the greatest in the country. It rises eight stories, and is occupied by leading insurance companies, and the offices of manufacturing concerns. The library and grand hall are features worthy of mention and the whole edifice is a credit to the progressiveness of the city. The ground floor is occupied by the National Bank of the Republic, another of the strong financial institutions of the city.

Financial Features.

Speaking of the finances, suppose we for a moment glance at the status of the banking in this city. There is an abundant supply of banking capital, and the city has a reputation of the highest order for the stability of her financial institutions. St. Louis has now seven National banks, and fifteen State banks, with a combined capital and surplus of $26,637,401. There have also been

42

established several large trust companies, which have added to the importance of the city as a financial and commercial center. The bank clearings in 1890 aggregated $1,118,573,210, an increase over 1889 of 13.38 per cent. St. Louis was affected less than any other center in the last financial crisis, and is everywhere regarded as one of the most stable cities in finance.

Carnival Season and Exposition Building.

Passing along we find that we are in one of the best retail sections of the city or country and soon reach Twelfth street. This is a broad thoroughfare leading south to the Union depot. Just below Olive street for two blocks it presents an appearance that is unrivaled in the world. It is arched over with pipes containing thousands of gas jets and globes for illumination, in brilliant colors; and in the carnival season attracts thousands of sightseers. This

CARNIVAL SEASON is a distinctive feature of St. Louis. It usually begins with the opening of the Exposition and continues for seven weeks. One of the important features of these festivities is the extensive illumination of the streets of the city. A grander sight is seldom witnessed and it outrivals anything of the kind ever attempted. At many of the cross streets are arches of exquisite design, that almost defy description. The illuminated boulevards are Fourth street, from Clark avenue to Franklin avenue; Broadway, from Walnut street to Franklin avenue; Olive street, from Fourth to Fourteenth street; Washington avenue, from Fourth to Fourteenth street; Franklin avenue, from Fourth to Fourteenth street, and Fourteenth street, from Olive street to Franklin avenue. $1,000,000 have been pledged by the people of St. Louis to be used for their annual autumnal festivities in the next three years, and the festivities and entertainments will be the most gorgeous ever witnessed.

On Twelfth street, south of Olive, stands a magnificent bronze statue of General Grant, St. Louis being the first city in the Union to erect a statue to this hero. At Thirteenth and Olive streets is the

EXPOSITION BUILDING.

This is the largest and grandest ever used for the purpose in the United States, excepting those of the Centennial. It occupies the old site of Missouri park, which covered six and one-fourth acres. It is 506 feet in length and 332 feet in width, and contains 280,000 feet of space. The building cost $750,000. It was opened in 1884. It is an elegant and imposing structure, built of brick, cut stone and terra cotta, having three grand entrances on Olive street. Here are held wonderful exhibitions of machinery, manufactures etc., every year. It contains, in the very center, the largest Music hall in the country, with a seating capacity of 4,000, and standing room for 2,000 more. It has a larger stage than any in New York, and a grand organ. Here Gilmore's Band of sixty-five pieces plays each afternoon and evening of the Exposition season, and there is some special feature for each of the forty exposition days.

Public, Private and Parochial Schools.

It has been well said that "St. Louis is the seat of learning of the West." No better facilities have ever been provided for training the minds of the youth in any western city than here. Education is universal, the result of long years of struggle and labor having shown forth in a complete and thoroughly appreciated educational system, participated in by all classes and sects. The city is now better equipped than ever for handling the numerous applicants for education, and has ample accomodations for the 65,000 pupils who registered at the opening of the scholastic year of 1891-92. Over $1,000,000 each year is expended upon the public schools of St. Louis, yet the public responds to the demand and pays the tax without a murmur, realizing the paramount importance of education to their children. So great are the educational advantages of St. Louis, that thousands of pupils are sent to this city, from all sections of the Mississippi valley, that they may receive the advantages of the high standards of learning and the attendant culture and refinement. The growth of the school statistics is phenomenal, and can only be accounted for by the increasing celebrity of this city as an educational as well as commercial center. The Public School system is admirably arranged, having 106 school buildings, in which to accommodate the pupils. The Central High School building at Olive and Seventeenth streets,

43

is a typical structure, thought to be of ample dimensions a few years ago, but now far too small to accommodate the pupils who have gone through the studies of the lower grades. It is soon to be replaced by a magnificent and commodious structure to be erected at Central and Grand avenues. The high school is very popular, having a complete course of study and finishing its students so effectually that they are able to meet those who have been to great expense in attending other institutions on an equal footing. The Board of Education has provided excellent night schools for those who cannot attend the public schools during the day. These schools have met with much favor, and are attended by a large number of pupils. The aim in these schools is to impart a thorough business and technical education to pupils, which is appreciated by them; hundreds being able to thus prepare themselves for a career of usefulness, who otherwise would have to remain uneducated or pursue the unsatisfactory method of plodding alone. The parochial schools of this city form another important educational feature, and relieve the public schools to a considerable degree. The Catholic church alone has forty of these schools in which over 23,000 pupils are educated, employing 160 teachers. These schools are under the supervision of the priests of the various parishes to which they are attached; they visit them daily, the object being to correct the evils, to elevate the moral tone and to encourage the teachers in their work. The teachers are mostly from the Sisters of Mercy and Charity, and the Nuns of the various orders, and from the ranks of the Christian Brothers. These highly educated tutors impart, not only learning, but refinement and a superior moral tone to their classes. The city has thirty colleges, universities, high schools and academies, besides many well conducted private schools. It is the seat of the famous Washington University, which was founded February 22, 1853, and embraces in its curriculum

44

the whole range of University studies, excepting theology. The opportunities afforded for complete preparation for every sphere of practical and scientific usefulness are unsurpassed. The institution embraces the undergraduate department, including the college and polytechnic departments, the Henry Shaw School of Botany, the St. Louis School of Fine Arts, the St. Louis Law School, Smith Academy, Mary Institute and that department which cannot fail to inspire special interest and confidence, namely, the Manual Training School. This excellent department is thoroughly equipped with shops, tools, engines, and all necessary appliances for instruction, both practical and exhaustive, in carpentry, wood-turning, pattern-making, iron clipping and filing, forge work, soldering, welding, brazing, the handling of machine shop tools, and in fact complete tutelage in mechanics of all descriptions. The course covers three years of study, the time being divided between mental and mechanical exercises; students being admitted at fourteen years of age. The Mary Institute of this famous college was established in 1859 as a

45

school for girls, and has been most liberally patronized. The history of the oldest and most famous university in the West must not be overlooked, and should be inserted here. This famous institution of learning was founded over half a century ago and is appropriately called St. Louis University. It has one of the largest and most imposing structures in St. Louis, located on Grand avenue, opposite Pine street. This institution was founded by the Jesuit Fathers in 1828. It was first established at Ninth street and Christy avenue, and was incorporated in 1832. The institution has had a steady growth and had added, from time to time, additional buildings, until the development necessitated a complete change, when the present magnificent pile was erected, being one of the most elegant educational structures in the United States. The building has the form of a reversed L, the base line being on the left instead of the right side of the perpendicular. It fronts on Grand avenue 270 feet, and all portions of the building are utilized for college purposes. The building is built of stone, the architecture being English Gothic. The equipment includes a complete museum, a fine laboratory, and library; the lecture room has a seating capacity of 500. Another celebrated school conducted by the Catholics of St. Louis is that of the Christian Brothers. This has become one of the leading educational institutions of St. Louis. The Christian Brothers of France were first invited to this city by Archbishop Kenrick. They came to this country first in 1846, and located at Baltimore. In 1849 they established themselves in St. Louis, and located at Eighth and Cerre streets. Like other colleges of St. Louis, the increasing patronage made greater accommodations imperative, and some years ago, purchased a tract of land at Cote Brilliante, at King's Highway and Easton avenues, where the present pretentious and beautiful structure stands. The ground contains thirty acres, and the grand edifice stands on an eminence, overlooking the lower lands on all sides. The building is built of brick and stone, and is designed in the shape of a cross, consisting of a central edifice and four wings. It has a frontage of 370 feet, a depth of 200 feet, and an elevation of no feet. In the center is a fine rotunda sixty feet square. Every convenience known to modern architecture has been provided. The college has usually from 300 to 400 pupils enrolled.

The city has numerous other schools and colleges, some of which it is but proper to mention on account of their high standing and widespread influence. Among these we note the Ursuline Academy, the Educational Institute, Beaumont Hospital Medical College, the St. Louis Medical College, the St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons, Jones' Commercial College, Beethoven Musical Conservatory, and others. There are fifteen medical colleges alone and all institutions are fully equipped, and patronzed to their utmost capacity.

Residence Portion.

Thirty-six blocks west from the river runs Grand avenue, which is fifteen miles from north to south appearing in relation to the river as a string to this mighty bow. It intersects the following prominent streets, Easton avenue, Cass avenue, Cozens avenue, Evans avenue, Page avenue, Cook avenue, Finney avenue, Windsor place, Vandeventer place, Morgan street, Delmar avenue, Washington avenue, Olive street, Lindell avenue, Pine street, Laclede avenue, Forest Park boulevard, Clark avenue and Scarrit avenue. These either constitute or lead to the finest sections of St. Louis, that which has been opened up in the last quarter century, and now known as the most desirable

RESIDENCE PORTION of the city. St. Louis is a city of homes. The rich have their palatial residences, the well-to-do their pretty homes, and the working people their own comfortable houses. No city in America is superior to St. Louis in this, and no finer homes are known in the world. The leading citizens have provided ample room for their visitors, and not even in New York can there be found larger salons in private residences, or richer or more beautiful household equipments. Money does not buy admittance into St. Louis society. Here the leading families are rich, have been rich for generations, and have lost that worshiping regard for wealth that belongs to those who have been poor. For this reason, the eligibility of newcomers is weighed by their accomplishment and integrity alone. The whole western section is a scene of comfort and beauty, and such sections as Vandeventer place, Lindell and West Pine street boulevard, Washington and Delmar avenues, Lafayette park, Lafayette avenue and Compton hill, have not their superiors in America. These residences have all the completeness and elegance that has been introduced

46

into the architecture of the past century, They are improvements on the stately and barren looking houses and palaces of London, or those of New York, having mostly large grounds attached that lend landscape beauty, and the necessary distance to properly show the true effect desired by the designer. The old-fashioned southern style house has not been wholly supplanted by the modern design, but still finds its place, with the broad halls, large rooms, solid hard wood, and fitting and ample grounds, and only adds charm to the other mansions that have been built to suit the taste of their owners. Vandeventer place is lined with the palaces of men who have become millionaires in the legitimate business channels of this staid old city; and these homes contain all that art, intelligence, culture and refinement or means can suggest for the comfort of their inmates. The value of building improvements in the city of St. Louis in 1890, as prepared by Mr. Thomas J. Furlong, Commissioner of Public Buildings, was as follows: Number of new brick buildings erected, 2,665, cost, $12,287,400. Number of frame buildings erected was 1,329, cost, $1,076,200. Value of additions and alterations to brick and frame buildings, $289,100, making a grand total of $13,652,700 spent in the most substantial improvement of the city. In 1890 there were 3,994 building permits issued.

In speaking of the wealth of the citizens it is illustrative to mention that the assessed valuation of St. Louis real estate is $214,971,060 and that of real and personal property, $248,827,830.

Parks.

On west to the four mile limit, we find the great Forest park, second only to Fairmount park of Philadelphia in size, and the tenth largest in the world. It is laid out in a most magnificent manner, and is within easy reach from all sections of the city. Forest park contains 1,372 acres and was purchased by the city in 1874 at a cost of $849,058.61. It has cost to date, the round sum of $1,750,000. Appropriations are made each year to continue the improvements upon this splendid tract, which is naturally one of the most beautiful spots in the world, and is susceptible of elaboration in exquisite landscape work without detraction from its natural beauty. It contains hundreds of old shade trees of almost every variety, and is full of hills and vales, walks and retreats that have stood unchanged for centuries. The river Des Peres runs through this beautiful place, and driveways and walks have been made, with rustic bridges to span this truly serpentine stream. Forest park is the outlet or terminus of Lindell boulevard, which has become the most famous driveway and promenade of the city, being crowded with vehicles, elegant equipages, and pedestrians during the afternoons and evenings of summer days. The great driveway of the park leads by the shores of the beautiful Sylvan lake, through a dense forest of shade trees and under arches. Footpaths running in all directions from the driveway lead to all sections of this beautiful park. The park is not inclosed by a fence in any part. What is called the entrance, is identified by a statue of Senator Blair, facing eastward toward Lindell boulevard. All the roads leading into the park meet here, making this the favorite means of entering the park. The improvements of Forest park have been made for the convenience of visitors, the streams are bridged, and fountains are provided at convenient points for the use of visitors and for horses also. Sylvan lake is a broad sheet of water that retains all its natural beauty, which is increased by the improvements made about it. The lake is provided with boats for the use of visitors during the summer, and in the winter becomes the favorite haunt of skaters, for the use of whom a handsome shelter has been erected. Entering this maze of trees deeper, we come upon the splendid zoological collection that has been provided by the park commissioners. This collection includes a number of buffaloes, bears, wolves, wild cats, beaver, deer, antelope, prairie dogs and other animals, while preparations are being made to increase the collection to embrace every variety of American wild animals. The park is full of romantic retreats, brooks and meadows; it contains five picnic grounds, the favorite resorts for Sunday-schools, societies and pleasure seekers generally.

Tower Grove Park — In striking contrast to Forest park is Tower Grove park. The former is essentially natural, while the latter is noted for surpassing artificial beauty. It is in the southwestern part of the city, and is reached by the electric railways and the magnificent boulevards that have been made for carriages. It contains about 267 acres of ground, almost all of which have been subjected to improvements. It was the conditional gift of Henry Shaw, the philanthropist, who devoted, twenty years, and a large portion of his fortune to beautifying it, yet it has already cost the city $800,000. The five entrances

47

to the park are guarded by massive ornamental iron gates, supported by high granite pillars. The gatekeepers' lodges are of granite also, and the very first glimpse of the park is of the most imposing nature. The driveways and walks are laid out with great precision, but the effect is striking. All through the park are bronze statues of historic persons that are real works of art, having been created by notable artists, and costing many thousands of dollars each. The statues of Shakespere, Humboldt and Columbus, have become famous, both in this country and Europe, where they were made. The various statues are of great literary men, statesmen, soldiers, navigators and men who have made an impress upon the history of the world. There are artificial fountains in the park, all of most exquisite workmanship. In the extreme western portion of the park, there is an artificial lake, made beautiful in every manner that ingenuity and skill can suggest. The carved marble decorations of the old Lindell hotel, which was destroyed by fire, have been used to represent the ruins of a fairy palace, on the border of the lake, with the most pleasing effect. The work has been done so artistically that it almost appears as if a marble palace did stand on the border of the little lake, and that gay boating parties ascended and descended the marble stairway leading up from the lake. All through the park this artificial effect may be noted, but the beauty of the place is enhanced rather than lessened by the splendid work of the artists. Even the flowers, beautiful and rare in themselves, are arranged so that by artificial effects, their appearance is rendered more striking. It is said that no other park in America has attained such a perfect state of artificial beauty.

St. Louis has, in all, eight parks, and these are so situated as to be easy of access from all sections of the city. We will here mention some of the more prominent of these as they will illustrate the progressiveness and public spirit of the citizens generally; and especially mark the broad philanthropy of Mr. Shaw, who lived not for himself alone, but used his means to instruct and brighten the lives of those who were less fortunate in monetary matters; and in doing this has left a monument of the most enduring character.

48

Carondolet Park is the largest and most popular in the south end. It includes 180 acres of finely wooded grounds. It is naturally a most beautiful place, and has been handsomely improved by careful and skillful cultivation. It has numerous well built footpaths and bridges.

The O'Fallons' Park is the principal resort of the north end. It covers 158 acres of ground, and is naturally a pretty place, with picturesque hills and old shade trees, but has been somewhat neglected of late, though it has cost the city nearly $1,000,000.

Lafayette Park is a perfect park of the conventional kind. It is surrounded by an ornamental iron fence, and contains thirty acres of ground, and is in the midst of the finest residence portion of the South side. It is full of fine shade trees, and is thoroughly equipped. There is a small lake in the park, on which there is boating during the summer.

The parks of St. Louis were established in 1812, when the old Carondolet park, Gravois, and Laclede park were established, and ever since it has maintained its prestige as a city of parks. The city has spent $4,500,000 on parks alone, and has some of the most beautiful and unique "breathing places" in the country. In addition to the parks already mentioned, other popular and pretty places are Compton Hill Reservoir park, Benton, Carr square, Gamble place, Gravois, Hyde, Jackson, Laclede, Lyon, St. Louis place, and South St. Louis square.

Shaw's Botanical Garden must not be overlooked, as it is one of the finest, most unique, and most elegant in the world. It is open to the public, and has more than a national reputation. It

49

was established by Henry Shaw, the philanthropist, who devoted money and time to its improvement. It is surrounded by a high stonewall, so that nothing can be seen until the visitor has duly entered by the gateway. Inside there is the most complete botanical collection in America, excepting only that of the United States Government. The collection is carefully attended, and immense hothouses have been built to accommodate the more valuable and delicate plants and flowers. Here almost every useful and ornamental plant on the globe is to be found, but the collection, though beautiful; can only be fully appreciated by botanists. Beyond the garden there is a large park.

Business Section.

From our vantage ground we take again a hasty glance at the city in general, and note especially the business section. This may be found from Twelfth street east to the river; and it presents at all seasons of the year, and at all hours of the day a busy scene, where millions of dollars change hands n trade. Broadway, north of Olive street, stretches out the greatest throughfare of the city, having fifteen miles of street in length. Among the numerous fine buildings on this street are many of the leading wholesale and retail business houses of the city. Starting north from Olive street we find many fine five and six story buildings, built of the characteristic Missouri limestone, and occupied by the most enterprising merchants, many of whom have become famous. The Bank of Commerce building is on the northeast corner of Broadway and Olive streets, and is one of the most substantial and largest office buildings in modern design. Further up the street is the Singer building, and at the northwest corner of Locust street and Broadway is the famous Mermod & Joccard building, the home of the largest jewelry establishment in the world. Broadway is always crowded during business hours, and is one of the streets so brilliantly illuminated during the carnival season. At the northeast corner of Broadway and Locust streets the elegant American Central building stands, being owned by that well-known insurance company; it is a popular office building. The Union market, on the west side of Broadway, runs to Sixth street, and Morgan to Lucas avenue. It is the largest and best known market place in the city, having stalls let to numerous butchers, green-grocers, dairy-men, etc. Further north on this street are located the horse and mule markets, for which St. Louis is famous, being the principal market for these animals in the world. The United States Army is supplied from this market, and foreign governments make large purchases each year. St. Louis being the center of the finest agricultural and grazing country in America, and having rail and river connections with all sections is the natural market for these animals, and becomes more important each year. The receipts for 1890 were 82,071, an increase over any previous year. The St. Louis Mercantile Library is located on the southwest corner of Broadway and Locust streets. It is a splendid six-story fireproof building, constructed of brick, granite, terra cotta, and iron. The entrance is on Locust street, and elevators are run for the convenience of visitors and patrons. This library contains over 80,000 volumes, and many rare art treasures, and is being enlarged each year. It is conducted in the most liberal and progressive manner, and has every prospect of becoming equal to those of New York or Philadelphia in time. The place contains a number of pieces of sculpture and busts, among them being "Lincoln Delivering the Proclamation of Emancipation," "Beatrice Cenci," "Oenone," etc. There is a fine collection of coins, and a mask of Napoleon, and many antique and modern curiosities; one of the most notable of these is a large slab from a palace in Nineveh, it measures 9x15 feet, and bears hieroglyphic inscriptions. This library has a membership of about 8,000, consisting of the leading citizens of the city. The reading room is admirably arranged, and is adjoined with a chess room. The building contains a hall, having a seating capacity of 2,000. This library is always open to strangers, who have access to all the departments. Walking southward on this street we are cornpelled to admire the excellent buildings and late improvements that have been made. Many of the leading clothing houses, and hat and cap dealers have occupied this quarter, as well as the most popular hotels and resorts. The Roe building on Broadway and Pine streets is a splendid seven-story structure of brown stone, brick and iron. The first floors are occupied by one of the best

50

known clothing houses in America, while the upper stories are used as offices. This building is built in two sections, giving light and ventilation to every apartment, and is of elaborate design. At Chestnut and Broadway we pass Hurst's hotel, and then reach a region where some elegant stores are located, and where the various railroads have offices; at the northwest corner of Market street and Broadway is the elegant new Houser building, eight stories in height, having foundations of Grafton stone and a superstructure of great beauty. It is fireproof, and finished with marble on the inside. This building is the home of many of the leading railroads, several transportation companies having offices here. There are nineteen railroads centering in St. Louis, which has become of great importance as a railroad center, her position geographically making her the natural distributive point for all directions. During the past year the traffic to and from St. Louis has increased over thirteen per cent, the total number of tons received and forwarded being 15,240,141, as against 13,525,058 the previous year. Efforts have been put forth looking to the erection of a new Union depot that will be equal to the demands of the rapidly increasing passenger traffic, and the plans have, not only been drawn, but the work actually contracted for, so that soon one of the best depots in the world will replace the present shabby quarters of the famous railroads centering here. We mention the names of these roads here, appending the proper mileage of each, that our readers may appreciate, not only the importance of this city as a commercial point, but the great possibilities that are held out for the future: The Chicago, Burlington & Quincy has 6,646 miles, Missouri Pacific railroad 5,094, Louisville & Nashville railroad 2,664, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis railroad. 2,133, Wabash railroad 2,078, Missouri, Kansas & Texas, railroad 1,828, Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis (Mackey lines) 1,415, St. Louis & St. Francisco railroad 1,441, St. Louis, Arkansas & Texas railroad 1,222, Chicago & Alton railroad 850, Mobile & Ohio railroad 688, Ohio & Mississippi railroad 624, Jacksonville & Southeastern railroad. 405, Terre Haute & Indianapolis railroad (Vandalia line) 475, Toledo, St. Louis & Kansas City railroad 451, St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute (Cairo short line) 240, St. Louis & Hannibal railroad 128, St. Louis, Alton & Springfield railroad 105, St. Louis, Kansas City & Colorado railroad 61, making a total mileage of 28,548. These lines branching out in all directions make St. Louis of vast importance as a railroad center that is being appreciated to a greater extent each year. The importance of the river as a means of transportation is not overlooked here, and acts as an equalizer in establishing freight rates, which are being lowered each year. Transportation is a part of production. It is not, by any means, the last process under which the productions of labor reach the consumer. Beyond the railroads, and between them and the consumer, stand the millers and manufacturers, the wholesalers, the jobbers, and the retail shopkeepers. In each of these industries or processes there is a constant cheapening going on. Improved machinery, perfected methods of handling, concentration of management, and other things, all combine to cheapen final costs, and the railroads are not exempt from the universal tendency which pervades all communities, having as their goal the lessening of effort in the production of wealth — or in other words the cheapening of the cost price. This is all salutary for St. Louis, and makes it possible for her merchants, manufacturers and capitalists to reach out and widen the horizon of their commercial territory.

The court-house at Broadway and Market streets takes us back to the anti-bellum days, when it was the great attraction in this section of the city, and outrivaled any other building. It is classic in style, having fine Corinthian pillars supporting a chaste frieze. In the center rises an immense dome, resembling that of the National Capitol at Washington. Many memories cluster around this old pile, which is soon to be abandoned for the elegant city hall and public buildings now in process of erection, and which we will describe elsewhere. Going south we notice the Laclede building with its lofty spire of fantastic and unique design, and a block further down the street reach the famous Southern hotel, the largest and most popular in St. Louis, built to replace the one destroyed by fire in 1877. This splendid building covers a whole block, and is built to be fireproof. It is six stories high, and the whole interior construction is of wrought iron with fireproof bricks between. This hotel

51

is worthy of more than mere passing mention, as it is one of the most famous in the West. It has a mammoth rotunda, and from Walnut street, running north to south through the entire building, is a promenade, sixty feet wide. From Broadway to Fourth street, from east to west, is a similar promenade, thirty feet wide. These are laid in white marble tiles, and make a magnificent reception room, rotunda, or hall. These passages are decorated in an elegant manner in the finest fresco, the work of artists of high standing. The grand stairway is embellished with bronze statuary and hand-painted windows of artistic beauty. Opposite the Southern is the St. James, another well-known hotel, and on the corner of Elm street the celebrated resort known as Faust's, while opposite is the popular and commodious Olympic theater.

The principal streets in this section, south of Market street, which is the dividing line, are Walnut, Elm, Clark avenue, Spruce street, Poplar, Plum, Gerre, Cedar, Gratiot, Lombard, Papin, Chouteau avenue, La Salle street, Coment, Hickory and Rutger; these all run east and west, and extend to the river. Market street is a busy street for miles, and in the down-town business section is one of the most important streets. As has been said, it is the dividing line, the streets north being numbered ioo, 200, etc., and those south in a like manner. We have already mentioned the court house, but further west we find the Grand Opera House, on Market street, near Sixth, it has a seating capacity of 2,250, and is one of the most popular resorts of the city. It was first opened in 1852, as the Varieties theater, and was largely patronized. At one time the Black Crook was presented here and had a "run" of several months, thousands of visitors attended from the contiguous country, and this was admitted to be the most gorgeous presentation of the spectacular extravaganza ever presented. After being destroyed by fire in 1884, it was rebuilt and opened September 15, 1885. It is built in the Moresque style, both as regards its

52

exterior and interior architecture and decoration, and has a double tier of beautiful proscenium boxes. The Missouri railroad has a terminus at Fourth and Market streets, and the South St. Louis railroad at Sixth street.

The principal streets running east and west, north of Market street and within the one mile circle are, Chestnut, Pine, Olive, Locust, St. Charles, Vine, Washington avenue, Christy avenue, Morgan street, Franklin street, Washington street, Carr, Biddle, Ashley, O'Fallon, Dickinson street and Cass avenue. Chestnut street is a popular business street for the semi-professional pursuits; it contains many of the offices of the leading brokers, lawyers, insurance men and those engaged in handling real estate. At the corner of Seventh and Chestnut streets is at present located the public library. This library was founded in 1865, but had been proposed in 1860 by Ira Divoll, then the superintendent of the public schools; after its establishment it was known as the public library until 1884. This society was incorporated in February, 1865, and the provisions of the charter establishing it, granted the closest relations between the library and the public schools. The president of the school board, the superintendent of public schools and the principals of the high and normal schools, were made ex officio members of the Board of Trustees, and active membership was confined to those connected in some way with the public schools The library contains 70,000 volumes, and occupies the whole of the second floor of the Polytechnic

53

building. This building contains what is known as Ames hall, a handsome room 80x60 feet in dimensions with alcoves, wherein most of the books are shelved. The reading room of this library is 50x100 feet in dimensions, and contains all the leading journals and periodicals of this country and Europe on file. A generous supply of reference works are at hand, and any book from the library may be used by visitors by applying to the librarians. St. Louis has several other fine libraries that should be noticed here, notably the law library, which contains 11,500 volumes. This is said to be the most complete collection of legal works in the West, and has been gathered with commendable care, looking toward completeness and excellence rather than mere extent. It is for the use of the members of the St. Louis Bar Association only, and is kept on the second floor of the court-house in the south wing. The Washington University library is also very complete and is extensively patronized by the students of that institution. The other libraries of the city are as follows: Odd Fellows' library, library of St. Louis Law School, Slovensa Lipa (Bohemian), St. Louis Turnverein library, St. Louis Diocesan library, library of St. John's Circle, Young Men's Sodality and Young Men's Christian Association. Opposite the Polytechnic building there is in process of erection a fine fireproof structure, which greatly adds to this section of the city in appearance. A few years ago this section was characterized by shabbiness, while now it is being rapidly improved. Seventh and Chestnut streets is the rendezvous of the carpenters, contractors, stonemasons and bricklayers; each day of the week witnessing numbers of these workmen collected here waiting for a contract to be let, or their services to be called into requisition. Chestnut street, east of Broadway leads us into a busy section of the city of another character. At the southeast corner of Third and Chestnut streets is the home of the oldest St. Louis newspaper, now know as the St. Louis Republic. It is housed in a fine five-story building, built of granite and limestone, in an attractive style of architecture, with a mansard roof. This paper is, and always has been the leading Democratic organ of Missouri. It was established as the Missouri Gazette, in July, 1808. During the earlier history of the city it was prominent in shaping the policy that has made it the great metropolis it is to-day, and the most authentic records of a historical character are the files of this publication. The name of the paper was changed in 1822 to that of Missouri Republican, and on May 31, 1888, to the St. Louis Republic. Third street, and this section is the "newspaper row" of St. Louis, the Globe Democrat being located at Third and Olive streets. This paper is the famous Republican organ of the city and state, and is one of the strongest and best edited papers in America. It has the largest circulation of any St. Louis daily, and its Sunday editions are particularly large and fine. It is celebrated for giving the best market reports and the most authentic and complete mining news of any American journal. They have just completed one of the finest newspaper buildings in the world, at the corner of Sixth and Pine streets. This is eight stories in height, and is equipped with every appliance for comfort and convenience known to modern architecture. It is a beautiful structure and a credit to the city and the stockholders of this paper. St. Louis has numerous publications of all kinds, many of them famous, and covering the whole field of journalism. Nearly all the great religious denominations have papers published here, and it is the headquarters of famous trades journals, society papers, athletic, agricultural, medical, railway, mining and other publications. The Post-Dispatch is one of the leading dailies, being published each afternoon, and on Sunday mornings. It is independent in politics and has a large circulation. The Evening Chronicle was established in 1880, and is published by a company which also owns the Cincinnati Evening Post, the Detroit News, and the Cleveland (Ohio), Evening Press. This paper is popular and published at low prices, supplying the demand for news in a condensed form, yet most reliable in character. The oldest German paper in St. Louis is the Anzeiger des Western, which was first published in 1835. It is Democratic in politics and has a liberal patronage. The German Republican paper is known as the Westliche Post, and is one of the best German papers published in this country. Space will not permit us to enumerate all the papers published here, but they are leaders in the field of literature, and consist of such publications as the Age of Steel, Shoe and Leather Reporter, Central Christian Advocate, St. Louis Advocate, St. Louis Medical Journal, etc.

One block north of the Republic office, at the corner of Third and Pine streets, stands a building around which centers the business and manufacturing strength of St. Louis, it is as dear to the St. Louisan, as is Independence hall to the Philadelphia or the Board of Trade to a Chicagoan, it is

54

known as the Merchants' Exchange, and is the Board of Trade of St. Louis. It is a shame that this splendid building should be surrounded by such narrow streets that shut off a view of it that would enable one to gain a proper idea of its vastness and beauty. It is very impressive in appearance and is charming, though simple in architecture, one of the most noticeable features of the exterior being the high steps that lead up to the entrances. It is built of granite and native limestone, and as has been said, "It is the creditable boast that the whole of its material, including brick, iron, glass, lead and paint came from the bosom of the state itself." The lower portions of this building are occupied by the representatives of the insurance companies and some banks. The interior is splendidly finished, the floor being of marble tiles, the ceilings high and splendidly decorated, commodious elevators connecting the various floors, and large easy staircases, with steps of granite. The offices of the exchange are on the third floor and are conveniently arranged and thoroughly equipped for the handling of the business of this important commercial factor. But of all else the trading hall is the best. It transcends anything of the kind in America, not excepting that of the Chicago Board of Trade, and is so great and beautiful that mere words and figures fail to convey its true beauty and vastness to our readers. Its length, however, is 226 feet, the width 100 feet, and the ceiling seventy-nine feet high. This ceiling is splendidly frescoed in brilliant colors, and must have cost a vast amount of money. Marble-topped tables are ordinarily grouped on the floor for the use of the brokers in grain, flour, hay, feed, etc. The west center is graced by a raised dias, the throne of the caller and the secretary, this is of handsome mahogany, elaborately carved. A beautiful fountain of iron, with classic divinites, cast with skill, plays in the center of the hall, and keeps the place cool and fresh during the heated term, for at all seasons of the year business is transacted here. This grand hall has been frequently used for National conventions, and is used each year for the celebrated Veiled Prophets' ball, which occurs in October, the closing scene of the pageant that celebrates the visit of this mysterious personage, is the greatest event of the social year in St. Louis. The elite of the city attend, and the display of elegant dress and magnificent jewelry would rival that which characterized the court of Louis XV. of France, for whom the city was named. The Merchants' Exchange of St. Louis was organized in 1862, being known for a time as the Union Merchants' Exchange, to distinguish it from the "Chamber of Commerce." The original officers were: Henry J. Moore, president; Carlos E. Greeley, vice-president, and Gen. Clinton B. Fisk, secretary and treasurer. In 1863 J. H. Alexander became secretary and treasurer. He was succeeded by the present incumbent in 1865. Mr. Geo. H. Morgan, the present secretary has held the office for twenty-seven years, and has become known the world over as the oldest in office in this important position in this country. The Merchants' Exchange has been the developing factor of this great city. Its members have been foremost in advancing every project of value to her commerce or manufacturing interests, and are characterized by patriotism and devotion to the best interest of this metropolis. We are indebted to the secretary of this exchange for the figures relative to the city's commerce, and have used his report, it being the authentic and authoritative on those lines. As this is the center of trade we know of no better place in our history to introduce a review of the CITY'S COMMERCE than here. St. Louis occupies the second place as a receiving market in this country, and is constantly forging ahead in commercial lines. The products of the soil have always been the basis of commerce, and there is no greater extent of territory, nor more prolific section in the world than the great Mississippi valley, all of which is drained by the great river which St. Louis rules as queen. The amount of grain handled is one of the most important items of commerce, and from the latest reports we find that 1890 crop receipts aggregated 77,795,232 bushels, including wheat, barley, corn, oats and rye. This was the largest amount ever received during any single year in St. Louis. This city now ships vast quantities of grain to Europe by way of the Mississippi river to New Orleans, where it is loaded in ocean steamers, the amounts so shipped last year were of corn, 8,719,849 bushels, and of wheat, 1,409,440 bushels. The export trade has been excellent, the demand exceeding the supply at times, owing to the failure of the crops abroad, but the crops of this country have more than

55

met the most sanguine expectations, enabling our producers to meet the foreign demands. The flour business of St. Louis is immense; in 1890 the amount handled by millers and dealers being 4,313,567 barrels. The amount manufactured by the city mills was 1,872,005. In addition to this there was manufactured nearly 125,000,000 barrels by members of the Exchange, who own mills in the adjacent country. Not many years ago a large percentage of St. Louis flour found a market in eastern, and specially New England points, but the rapid development of the South, and the large increase in its manufacturing interests, have largely diverted the trade in that direction, the shipment to that section during last year reaching 2,321,839 barrels. But little was done with the British provinces, Canadian mills with a protective duty of fifty cents per barrel being able to undersell American production. Shipments to Central and South America have also been small, due largely to the lack of direct transportation. It is hoped that the steps now being taken looking to a reciprocal trade with other countries will result in a large increase of the flour trade of St. Louis in that direction.

56

St. Louis has long been known as the largest tobacco manufacturing center in the world and it is steadily advancing, it to-days contains some of the largest factories in the country. An idea of the greatness of this industry may be gained from the statement that during 1890 the National Government collected in taxes on manufactured goods, in St. Louis alone, about $5,000,000. This is a marked increase over preceding years, and shows that the industry is most steadily advancing. Within the corporate limits of St. Louis fifteen large tobacco manufactories are located, where all kinds of chewing and smoking tobaccos are made. There are also 445 firms engaged in the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes. An immense business is done, although these manufactories are small in number, but this district is the largest in the world. During last year fully $2,000,000 worth of leaf tobacco for cigars changed hands in St. Louis. The value of the manufactured goods was proportionately large, and the profits were in accord. A large quantity of snuff is also manufactured here, 31,104 pounds having been made last year. The output of the first Missouri district, which is practically the city of St. Louis, last year was 51,792,102 pounds of plug, fine cut and smoking tobacco, and the total amount of chewing and smoking tobacco manufactured in the United States for the fiscal year ending June 30 was 229,068,517 pounds, of which the first Missouri district turned out 46,709,897 pounds, or over twenty per cent of the whole.

For years St. Louis has been the leading market of the country for the sale of dried apples and peaches. Within the past few years it has assumed a position second to no other in the country as a receiving and distributing center, not only of sun dried apples and peaches, but of evaporated fruit of all descriptions, as well as California and foreign dried fruits, and this business is increasing each year. The favorable climate of the Southwest makes it especially adapted to fruit growing, and this industry is one of the most profitable that farmers and horticulturists can engage in, hence large orchards are being planted all through the territory tributary to this market. There is such a variety of soil and climate in this territory that the fruit crop is almost sure, never having a complete failure. The increase in the receipts of evaporated fruit is becoming greater each year. The immense new country

57

being opened up constantly by the large number of railroads centering in St. Louis, besides the wide extent of mining territory, north, south, east, and west, that does not produce fruit, and adding to this the large manufacturing and agricultural districts all over the country where fruit growing is neglected, makes this market pre-eminently a distributing center for dried fruit. A new branch of the dried fruit business, in the apple trade particularly, has recently sprung up, and within the last two or three years developed to large proportions, and still prices have more than doubled. This branch is the handling of the peelings and cores which were formerly sold for hog feed. Now they are dried and sold to jelly manufacturers, who produce the finest crab apple and clear apple jelly we have to serve with our "roast pig." One St. Louis house alone sold over 400 carloads of these goods during the past twelve months, and could have sold more were they obtainable. The small apples which cannot be used for ordinary purposes are now also used by being passed through a slicing machine, core and all, then dried and sold, making a very good grade of fruit. Immense shipments of these parings and cores are also made to France, where they enter into the manufacture of cheaper grades of champagne, the demand for this purpose a year ago was so great, that prices advanced from two to two and one-half cents per pound. Large quantities are used for the manufacture of a peculiar kind of "mince meat," made by a western New York manufacturer. The developments of the fruit interests of this section, and, as we have seen, the constant invention of new uses, that leave no refuse, opens up a large and most important branch of commerce for the merchants of St. Louis, and not only this, but it makes an industry that is peculiarity suited to this region; making the fruit bearing sections of Arkansas, Missouri, Mississippi, etc., to become of great value to the inhabitants, who now get returns from what was formerly waste; many drying plants have recently been erected, and small machines have been sold to many of the farmers, who are thus enabled to cure the fruit from their orchards, and secure cash returns by sending it to this market, which has from these causes come into prominence.

The importance of St. Louis as a great distributing point for pork products increases each year, her location in this, as in every other commercial line, operating most favorably. In the South much cured meat is used, and there is a very large and constantly increasing demand for St. Louis brands of meat. This northernmost southern city maintains the confidence of the entire South, and the merchants of every river city and town are ready to send their orders to St. Louis. In this the energy and aggressiveness of Chicago packers and merchants has not supplanted local dealers, and as we have said each year marks an advance on these lines. The Merchants' Exchange is the medium through which the dealing in provisions is done, and where prices are made, so taking the statistics of that organization we find that St. Louis is the third city in America in packing and handling hog products. The receipts and shipments during 1890 were 650,576,180 pounds. The country tributary to St. Louis, is one of the best hog raising sections of the world, and each year in this brings larger shipments to this city. The packing facilities have been increased, and an aggressive policy adopted that will still enlarge the commercial possibilities in this line. The Merchants' Exchange, it will be seen, is not a mere figure head, but the bone and sinew of the commerce and manufacture of this great inland city. They collect statistics, and invite councils, associations, congresses and other bodies to share their hospitality, whenever it will conduce to the benefit of the city; and besides it is the one trading center where prices in nearly all lines are established. Not only grain and hay are handled on this floor, but the prices of tobacco, cotton, breadstuffs, provisions, dried fruits, beans, nuts, coffee, flax, fish, fertilizers, hides, hops, jute, malt, naval stores, oils, potatoes, rice, salt, tea, wool, etc., are here established. On the main floor of the Merchants' Exchange are located the rooms of the St. Louis Mining Exchange, where stocks of the leading mines of the country are dealt in. St. Louis has been the leading mining center of the country for many years, and the resources of the state of Missouri alone, in minerals, has never been adqeuately understood by the people. This great state has unlimited resources in iron, lead, zinc, and other metals, which would make her the wealthiest state in the Union, had one-third the capital been spent in their development that has been

58

put in the like fields of Pennsylvania and Michigan. The old French and Spanish settlers mined lead within a hundred miles of St. Louis a century ago, and before the war, lead mining was one of the leading features, the largest lead mine in the world being known as the St. Joe mine, and has been worked for many years, still being an immense producer. The southwestern part of Missouri is now the greatest zinc and lead field in the world, Jasper and Newton counties having an annual output worth over $3,000,000, and the whole section is yet in its infancy. The "Frisco" railroad drains this region bringing these rich products to St. Louis as the natural commercial center. The shipments of zinc and spelter slabs, are about 1,000,000 a year, and the receipts of lead in pigs equal over 1,750,000. But Missouri has unlimited and almost unexplored resources in iron and coal, these if developed would make this state the wealthiest in the Union. Iron mountain is formed almost entirely of iron ore, it is 200 feet high, and covers an area of 500 acres. The quantity of ore above the surface of the valley is estimated at 2,000,000,000 tons. But this is only a fraction of the ore in the mine. Pilot Knob is 581 feet high, and covers an area of 360 acres. These immense mountains and beds of iron justly excite the wonder and admiration of the world, but still the probability is that at least 175 square miles of Missouri territory are underlaid by solid iron ore, and if all other mines in the United States were abandoned hers would furnish the supply for our vast National domain for hundreds of years. It is an unquestionable fact that the region tributary to St. Louis has more and a better variety of iron ore than has been found available in any other locality in the known world; and the facilities for working these vast deposits are unsurpassed, while the coal beds to supply fuel are inexhaustible. These facts alone point to St. Louis as the future iron mart of the country. Already the state produces more lead ore than all the other states and territories in the Union put together, and ranks first among the states of the Mississippi valley in the manufacture of lead, zinc, or silver ores, as well in the refining of them. But St. Louis capital has not been confined to the development of the resources here mentioned, it has been lavishly expended in Colorado and Montana, as well as the other states where precious metals are produced, and not without results. The great Granite Mountain silver mine of Montana is mostly owned in St. Louis, and brings to the fortunate holders of its stock, $2,500,000 annually in dividends. It has paid already over $11,600,000 in dividends to its stockholders, and the story goes that a certain St. Louis bank got a building out of the phenomenal rise in value of this stock, some of it having been left with them as collateral, and at that time considered almost worthless. There are other celebrated mines owned here, many of them pouring in large dividends to stockholders. Among these is the Hope mine, one of the regular producers where new ground is opened up every year. The Bi-metallic ranks next to the Granite Mountain as a silver producer, and is a dividend payer, having in a year and a half paid over $1,800,000 to stockholders, the capitalization being $5,000,000. Be it understood that the par value of this stock is twenty-five dollars per share, and the dividends of thirty-five cents per share equals nearly eighteen per cent per annum. There are many others, and of course some "wildcat" schemes have been palmed off upon investors, but St. Louis has become the leading central mining market, and maintains the only real exchange east of Denver or west of New York. Investments have gone into Mexico and Canada from this city, the nickel deposits of the latter country now commanding attention. But nearer home than ever these shrewd capitalists are to find their investments to be fruitful, for Arkansas is soon to be recognized as a producer of precious metals in paying quantities. This has been known as a region of rich deposits in silver and gold for years, but only recently have processes been perfected for working the output, which has certain refractory peculiarities.

In this connection it may be interesting to note that St. Louis has the distinction of being the only city in the country having an establishment where practical tests can be made of ores on a large scale. Ores are shipped from all parts of this country, Mexico and Canada to St. Louis for experimental treatment. The persons interested in these ores have their attention drawn to St. Louis as a center of information, and as a favorable depot for the purchase of supplies. The plant of the testing works consists of every variety of machinery and furnaces on a large working scale, where ores may be treated in carload or trainload lots, with every appliance which skill and knowledge can supply. Gold and

61

silver stamp mills, complete are included in the plant. Concentrating works, roasting furnaces, leaching apparatus, arrangements for fuel tests, coke ovens, assay and chemical laboratories, as well as an efficient corps of engineers, metallurgists and chemists, experienced in every variety of practice relating to such matters, complete the equipment.

Resuming our walk through this active business section we pass north on Third street. On the southeast corner of Third and Olive streets is the old post-office building, very small and shabby looking now. On Third, north of Olive, is the largest machinery house of this section of the country, and a little further north, one of the leading stationery concerns. This section of the city is occupied by the numerous brokers in stocks, bonds, gold, notes, coal, wool, hides, etc., and those of the dealers in grain and provisions. North another block, and we reach Washington avenue, a wide street, lined with splendid five and six story buildings, the homes of the leading wholesale houses. At Third and Washington streets is the entrance to the bridge, always a busy scene. Going west now on Washington avenue, we note at the northeast corner of Fourth street, the Fourth National bank, which has a capital of $1,000,000, and surplus of $591,539. On the opposite corner, the northwest, is the famous Boatmen's bank. This is one of the most reliable institutions of this country, having a capital of $2,000,000 and surplus of $300,000. It has withstood the storms of every financial crisis in fifty years, and has the strongest merchants and financiers of the city among the directors. This building is one of the best bank buildings in the country, being built of red sandstone and brick with an unique and artistic entrance and bold front. The interior is equal to that of any bank in the country, and is most beautiful and artistic in arrangement and decoration. This street contains the largest wholesale dry goods houses of the city, also the boot and shoe houses and other staple industrial lines. At the corner of Washington and Broadway is one of the representative dry goods houses, having a five-story building of imposing design, the opposite corner being occupied by a representative millinery house. At Sixth street we reach the Hotel Barnum, and opposite, the famous Lindell hotel, which like the Southern arose a fireproof phoenix from the ashes of the old Lindell in 1874. It contains 275 elegantly furnished apartments, many en suite, artistically decorated, luxuriously carpeted, with bath and other accessories, making it as complete a hotel as the traveler can find anywhere. The grand dining hall is a magnificent apartment, 130x55 feet in dimensions, without columns, and the ordinary, also a very beautiful room, is 80x40 feet. The building is practically fireproof, being divided into fourteen separate fireproof compartments, with massive solid walls forming the divisions from basemant to three feet above the roof. At Ninth street we reach a block covered by an imposing building, the depot of the largest hardware house in the world; and at Tenth and Washington avenue, in a large seven-story brick building, the largest shoe business in the United States, none excepted, is transacted. The house located here does $4,000,000 annually in cash sales, and carry a stock valued at $1,000,000. The shoe business of St. Louis in the past ten years has greatly outstripped her growth in population and made her the peer of any city on the continent in this particular line of trade. The manufacture of boots and shoes is an industry that has been developed in St. Louis almost entirely within the past decade, as ten years ago the entire output was only a little more than $600,000 a year. Since then almost every year has seen the establishment of new factories, until now the manufacture of boots and shoes has become one of the leading industries of the city, says the Shoe and Leather Gazette. There is now a total of twenty-five factories in operation in this city, with an aggregate output of over 3,750,000 pairs of shoes per year, representing a total cash value of over $7,000,000. The old factories are constantly being increased in facilities for work, and new factories are started each year with increased capital. So great have been the improvements in the quality of the work turned out of these factories, that to-day St. Lou is boots and shoes are as well and favorably known as those of Rochester, Brockton or Lynn. The shoe jobbing trade is also large, last year amounting to 287,505 cases, valued at $13,500,000. The hardware trade deserves more than mere mention, having made rapid strides in the past decade. It extends throughout the length and breadth of the land. In all lines of this trade St. Louis has long stood at the head of American cities, and holds her prestige well. The volume of trade in this line reached the magnificent sum of $14,000,000 in 1890. Orders for hardware are received by the St. Louis houses from every state in the Union. Buyers pass Chicago and New York to

62

reach this market, and any day, orders may be found in the wholesale houses here from buyers for whom it would have been much more convenient to patronize other cities on account of location. One-half of the woodenware business of the United States is supplied from St. Louis, which has the largest manufactory in the country, and perhaps in the world. The importance of this trade cannot be overestimated, in its relation to the commerce of the city. St. Louis also occupies an important place in the drug business of the country, and again it may be truthfully claimed that she has the largest wholesale drug house in the United States. The next street in importance in the business center is Franklin street, three blocks north of Washington. This street is said to be the longest avenue of stores in the country, and is lined with retail establishments of every variety. These are not so pretentious as those of Olive, Fourth or Washington streets, but all are prosperous and the street is one of the busiest at all hours, in the city. The stores are nicely furnished and goods in every variety are tastefully displayed in the show windows. This street has numerous electric lights and is famous with the St. Louis shopper, who is usually familiar with it in some, if not all sections. Coming back to our point of departure we again start out for another section, where we will have opened up to us St. Louis in another phase, and see the cemeteries, waterworks, and certain business lines, whose magnitude bring the city into prominence.

Street Railways.

No city in this country has made more rapid strides in the direction of street railway improvements than has St. Louis, in a very short time. The old-fashioned and slow horse and mule cars have been superseded by the modern cable and electric railways. These communicate with all sections of the city and give the citizens the benefit of rapid transit, in cars that are elegant in design, comfortable in furnishings, and that run with commendable regularity. A uniform fare of five cents is charged, and St. Louisans are justly proud of these excellent systems, cable and electric. The street car lines now number twenty-five, of which fifteen are operated by electricity, five are cable systems, and five horse car lines. The two leading systems, cable and electric, have had ample opportunity for expert investigation in this city, and so great has been the satisfaction given by the electric plant, that the city has become known as the "Electric City," having now more miles of electric railway than any other city in the world. The seven lines of this city have an equipment of 380 motor cars and 327 trailer cars. The following table will be of interest to our readers, in showing the justice of the claim for superiority in mileage of electric railways over all other cities, it includes all the larger cities in the country in which electric railways have been introduced to any considerable extent:

1. St. Louis, Mo — 154 Miles.
2. Minneapolis, Minn — 138
3. Richmond, Va — 128
4. Cincinnati, O — 121
5. Cleveland, O — 103
6. Denver, Colo — 98
7. Newark, N. J. — 87
8. St. Paul, Minn — 82
9. Los Angeles, Cal — 81
10. Indianapolis, Ind — 72
11. Rochester, N. Y — 67
12. Toledo, O — 65
13. Boston, Mass — 61
14. Birmingham, Ala — 58
15. Kansas City, Mo — 54
16. Pittsburg, Pa — 53

The roads of this city all use the Thomson-Houston system, excepting one, the Lindell, which uses the Edison and short methods. These railways are very popular with the public and are generally patronized. The Lindell railway starts at the bridge and runs one line of cars along Washington, Delmar, Taylor and other streets, to Forest park, with a branch diverging at Vandeventer avenue. At Fourteenth street another line leaves Washington avenue and runs due south and west to Choutean avenue, hence west and south to Tower Grove park. The Union depot line traverses the city from the Union market by a circutious route through a well-populated territory to Maryville. This was the first electric road built and has done much to enhance the value of property on the line, The South; St. Louis Railroad company transports passengers from Sixth and Market streets, south on Sixth street, Hickory street, and Eighth street; west on Lafayette avenue, south on Ninth street to Arsenal street,

63

west on Arsenal street to Jefferson avenue, thence south via Jefferson avenue and Broadway to Carondolet; returning via same route. The Mound City railway runs from Fourth and Pine streets, west on Pine street, north on Ninth street, west on St. Louis avenue to the fair grounds; returning via St. Louis avenue, south on Fourteenth and Twelfth streets, east on Locust street to Ninth, south to Pine street and east to Fourth street. The Market street line is another popular one, running from Fourth and Market streets, west on Market street, north on Sixth street, west on Chestnut street, south on Twentieth street, west on Market street and Manchester road to Tower Grove avenue, returning via Manchester road and Clark avenue to Twentieth street, north on Twentieth to Market street, thence east on Market to Fourth street. This road passed to the court-house, Grand Opera house, Real Estate Exchange, public library, natatorium, city hall, etc. The population and value of property on these lines have had an increase of about thirty per cent since their advent. The cable roads have been equally prosperous and important in the development of the city; the various lines are know as follows: Citizens' cable, Missouri Cable railway, Northern Central People's line, etc. The combined roads carried in 1890, 68, 105, 561 passengers, and it is the universal verdict that they are cared for more comfortably and with a less number of accidents than in any other large city where rapid transit has been adopted. In order to reach another section of the city we return

64

to Broadway, and take a car on one of the lines. The Broadway cable cars traverse this street the whole length, and by taking these we ride to the extreme northern end, where we find the Calvary and Bellefontaine cemeteries, of these Bellefontaine is the larger, containing 350 acres of ground. It is beautifully laid out, the greatest care having been exercised in the landscape effects, while the drives are many and charming. Its location cannot be surpassed, it is on a high bluff which overlooks the river, giving to the visitor many charming views. Bellefontaine is certainly the finest cemetery in the West, and becomes more beautiful each year as the citizens lavish their money in adding to the beauties of this favorite resting place of the dead. It has numerous monuments that are striking in their artistic merits, many of them being the creations of noted sculptors, and are classed with master-works of art, having cost many thousands of dollars to produce. This cemetery is thronged with visitors daily and is the pride of the citizens of this city. The Catholics of St. Louis have a splendid burying ground in Calvary cemetery, which lies directly north of Bellefontaine, and like it, overlooks the river, offering a landscape unsurpassed. It contains about 225 acres, and is adorned by many fine monuments. St. Louis has in all about thirty cemeteries, belonging to the various organizations and the result of private enterprise. One of the most popular and beautiful of these is Oak Hill cemetery. It contains fifty-three acres of land in East Kirkwood. The improvements placed on this splendid spot have been most elegant in landscape work and monuments, so that it is only second to Bellefontaine cemetery in beauty and importance. The location has been admirably selected, having the advantages of a high elevation, where there is an abundance of natural timber and a magnificent landscape. It is accessible by the Missouri Pacific and San Francisco railroads, as well as by the various suburban highways. The grounds have been surveyed and

65

laid out with splendid taste, and the beautiful natural groves covering the tract have been distributed for the highest possible adornment.

In the northern section of the city, south of the great cemeteries and at the junction of Fourteenth street and Grand avenue, we have our attention attracted by a magnificent Corinthian column, which upon inquiry we find to be one of the waters towers connected with the Waterworks. The water system of St. Louis is very complete and extensive and is conceded to be one of the best arranged in the country; and when the projected improvements shall have been completed it will be equal to supplying the citizens with 100,000,000 gallons of water per day. The pumping works are located on the Mississippi river at Bissell's point, about three and a half miles north of Olive street. The water is first pumped by powerful engines into settling reservoirs, where it is allowed to stand thirty-six hours until the sediment is thoroughly deposited. The work comprises four of these reservoirs, each being 276x600 feet in dimensions and twelve feet deep, and have a combined capacity of 72,000,000 gallons. The water as it is taken from these reservoirs is thrown into beautiful water towers, erected about a mile distant, on Grand avenue heights. The machinery used in connection with these works is immense, and of the most approved type, but the demands have increased so rapidly that each year it is necessary to add to the plant; last year two pumps of 5,000,000 gallons capacity each were added to the works. These enormous pumping engines are known as the Cornish-bull pattern and are housed in fine buildings of pleasing design, so arranged as to afford every facility for inspection from the sightseer. These engines are known as high service engines, one of them being the largest of its class in this country. It has a horse power capacity rated at 1,200, having a fly-wheel which is thirty-two feet in diameter. In addition to this there are two other engines of 1,000 horse power each, with fly-wheels of twenty-six feet in diameter. These wheels weigh respectively forty-six and thirty-six tons. Two of these engines are kept in use night and day in pumping nearly 40,000,000 gallons in twenty-four hours. Their entire capacity is 56,000,000 gallons. Last year the low service engines pumped or raised 13,177,804,000 gallons of water from the river into the settling basins. The high service engines pumped into the distribution system, 13,144,565,000 gallons of water. The maximum daily supply of water was 50,000,000 gallons, minimum 25,300,000 gallons, and the average was 36,000,000 gallons, an increase of 3,500,000 gallons a day over the average daily consumption of the preceding year. In order to meet the demands of increased area of population, new works are being constructed at the Chain of Rocks, seven and a half miles above the present waterworks, which will, when completed, provide for an adequate supply for many years. The undertaking comprises the building of a tunnel under the river, 1,500 feet from the western shore at Bissell's point, the construction of pumps 600 feet in shore, also reached by a tunnel, the building of an inlet tower and settling basins, and of a gigantic conduit, extending from the new to the old waterworks, to which the water pumped by the new system will be conveyed through the conduit. It is estimated that the total cost of the extension of the waterworks will be $4,000,000, and it will give a total daily supply of 100,000,000 gallons. The expenses for operating and maintaining the works are about $262,000 a year. The city has now a total mileage of 372.88 miles of pipe, with 3,387 stop valves and 3,710 fire plugs. Owing to the rapid growth of the residence portion of the city, a larger amount of distribution pipe than usual will have to be laid this year. Strangers in St. Louis usually object to the color of the water obtained from the Mississippi and imagine it to be impure on that account, but expert chemical analysis has determined the fact that it is very pure and that the peculiar color is only caused by light sandy particles and stain from high water in the spring of the year. It is said th at sea captains make a practice of sailing up the river above New Orleans to where the water is fresh, and there obtain their supply for a cruise, maintaining that it tastes better and keeps longer than any other to be had. The water towers we mentioned form a very interesting feature and are worthy of description. Though not generally referred to as one of the towers, in the river, connected with the shore by a long suspension bridge, is a tower eighty feet high. It is built on an immense rock, and it is through the bottom of this tower that all the water first passes. It is

66

fitted with screens and strainers to exclude foreign matter. It affords a splendid view from the top, as it is the extreme end of Bissell's point. The Corinthian column we mentioned at Fourteenth street and Grand avenue is 181 feet high, and is an imposing and very symmetric structure. It is into this and its companion tower that the high service engines force the water at the rate of 225 feet per minute. The pressure upon the water is from ninety-five to 115 pounds to the square inch. The purpose of these towers it to relieve the engine pumps of the immense weight of the volume of water — more than four miles in length — to the reservoir. They also give head to the water for the purpose of forcing it to the highest stories in the upper part of the city. These towers have a spiral stairway of 365 steps leading to the top, from where a view of magnificence is to be had. These towers, being on the heights, a very extended view can be had, taking in the Illinois bluffs, and looking down upon O'Fallon's park, the fair grounds and cemeteries, as well as overlooking a thousand acres upon which the busiest portion of the city is built. The top is so spacious as to admit of the accommodation of as many as sixty-five persons at a time. The new tower is monumental in style, with a minaret top, an excellent design and is well proportioned. It is located a little south of the mate and is of about the same height. The elevation of the water in these towers gives it the force necessary for the highest buildings in the city. The Compton hill reservoir is on the high point on Grand and Lafayette avenues. The grounds occupy thirty-six acres, which are laid out in charming drives and walks, with fountains and a miniature lake and many beautiful beds of flowers. This splendid place is so beautifully arranged that it might well be classed as one of the parks. The Compton hill reservoir is the distributing reservoir for the central and southern parts of the city. The storage capacity is 60,000,000 gallons of water. There is a fine view west from the reservoir promenade, and a short walk will bring visitors to Tower Grove park. It has been said that the waterworks cost $10,000,000. The total revenue to the city has been $16,906,968 or nearly $7,000,000 profit on investment, less cost of maintenance, while last year's improvements and maintenance cost $787,509.39, the revenue being about $1,132,088, so that there is great reason for pride in the conduct of this branch of municipal government. In this same northeastern section of the city we notice a few other features that must not be overlooked, one of them, familiarly known as Belcher's, is a massive sugar refinery. It is thirteen stories high and is built of brick, its dimensions are 138x280 feet. It has an artesian well 1,200 feet deep, which has become famous. The location of this building is at the corner of Main and Ashley streets. At No. 1315 Lewis street, near O'Fallon street, is located the St. Louis shot tower, which is 187 feet in height and has an elevator running to the top. At the foot of North Market street the Union Stock Yards are located. They cover twenty-four acres of ground and are very important.

The city is thickly settled, yet the residence portions have been most admirably selected as each year has advanced in the march of improvement. This has placed the leading colleges, schools and churches in the western section of the city, as it counts from the center north and south, but as we mentioned it as being in a crescent, it makes the residence portion to occupy the best part of the city.

Churches.

The church spires of St. Louis pierce the sky from all sections of the city, every denomination being represented in magnificent buildings and by eloquent devices, many of national reputation. Two hundred and thirty places of worship afford solace to those in trouble or bereavement, and supply the means for the cultivation of the minds of the people in "things spiritual." St. Louis has been blessed with churches almost from the time of its early settlement, and ever since the early French settlers knelt in their rude log church to pray; the people of this city have been noted as churchgoers and members. The city is adorned with many beautiful houses of worship, and the last few years have noted the erection of some elegant structures. In this, as in all else, the "star" has taken its way westward, and many of the old structures have been torn down, and new ones erected, not in the same place, but nearer the new centers of residences. The most noted church building in St. Louis

67

is the old Catholic Cathedral, located on Walnut street below Third street, being one of the most cherished landmarks of this city. It is conspicuous for its symmetry and the beauty of its architecture. The cornerstone was laid on the 1st of August, 1831, and on the 26th of October, 1834, the edifice was consecrated. The building is 136 feet long, and 84 feet wide. The front, which is of polished freestone, rises to a height of fifty feet. The time-worn exterior, with its Latin inscriptions, weather-stained facade and steeple, presents a venerable and imposing appearance. The interior of this old church is especially beautiful. It is divided into a nave and two aisles, the double row of dividing columns being in Doric style, and built of brick covered with stucco. The sanctuary and altar are beautifully and richly decorated, the altarpiece being a painting of the crucifixion. The sides of the sanctuary are adorned with pilasters in imitation of marble, and also by panels decorated with festoons of wheat and vines. The church has two galleries, one for the use of the choir, and one for the sisters of charity. At the extremity of each side aisle is a chapel adorned with handsome paintings. The arched windows of the church are decorated with scenes from the life of the Savior. The interior decorations are most beautiful, and the cathedral presents on festal occasions an imposing spectacle. The erection of the cathedral was due to the efforts of Bishop Rosatti, and it is related of this eminent divine that he wrote a letter to the Pope supplicating his assistance. The Pope responded that he was unable at that time to send any money, but a year or so later sent $3,000. The letters received from Rome, in relation to this matter, are among the archives of the church. When the old cathedral was dedicated

68

it was the wonder of the religious world on account of its magnificence in so remote a locality as St. Louis then was, it being then by far the finest structure devoted to religion west of the Allegheny mountains. The Catholic churches of St. Louis are numerous, and may be found in all sections of the city. In addition to the cathedral, St. Alphonsus is one of the leading churches; it is the large and beautiful edifice belonging to the Redemptorist Fathers, and is located on Grand avenue, near Cook. It is truly a splendid pile, and one of which any city might well be proud. It is of exquisite design, and of faultless architectural and artistic beauty in its interior finish. This building belongs to the Redemptorist Fathers by the closest possible ties, many of them having actually labored with their hands in its erection, and have made an enduring monument to their devotion.

Of the other denominations we shall now mention the leading churches, noting especially those that have recently erected new places of worship. Notable among these is the Presbyterian Church. The Presbyterians of St. Louis erected the fourth church of that denomination that was built west of the Mississippi river. The First Presbyterian Church of St. Louis was organized on November 15, 1817, by the Rev. Samuel Giddings. An effort was made to raise funds for a church building in 1818, but it was several years before sufficient was subscribed to proceed with the work; however, the funds, were finally raised, and a splendid building erected at Fourteenth and Lucas place. It was built of brick, and was one of the best structures then in the city. It had a lofty spire and ample dimensions, and was dedicated on the 26th day of June, 1825. This old church has been supplanted by a new one, recently erected at Washington avenue and Sarah street, and is one of the handsomest church edifices in St. Louis. It is built of stone, and is finished on the inside in solid oak. The entire

69

church is composed of several buildings forming a magnificent and harmonious pile. The Second Presbyterian Church is located at Lucas place and Seventeenth street, and cost $30,000; it was built in 1850. The denomination has also a magnificent church structure on Grand avenue, near Olive, and one of the largest and most fashionable congregations in the city worships there. Like most of the newly constructed churches of this city it is built of stone. It is nearly circular in form, although the peculiarities of its architecture make it appear to the observer more in the form of a cross. It has a towering facade, and presents an imposing appearance. This denomination has about twenty other churches in the city, and is one of the leading church branches of St. Louis.

The Baptists were the first to organize a Protestant society, and the first to build a Protestant church west of the Mississippi river. This was a one-story log chapel, located near Jackson, Cape Girardeau county. It was built in 1806. How great the contrast with the elegant Second Baptist Church, located at the northwest corner of Locust and Beaumont streets! This church was first occupied in 1879; the main building is 71x108 feet in dimensions, and has a tower and spire 200 feet high. In the rear of the church is located a chapel, which is 116 feet long by 46 feet wide; it contains a lecture room and rooms for the Sunday-school, pastor's study, baptistry, parlors, reading rooms, etc. The church is built of St. Louis limestone, trimmed with Missouri gray sandstone. The style of architecture is ornate English Gothic. The Baptists have eight other churches in the city, all of which are well attended and substantially supported.

The Methodist Episcopal Church has always been popular in Missouri, and has had substantial development in St. Louis. The first church of the denomination, established in this city, was organized by the Rev. Jesse Walker in 1820, but owing to dissensions over the question of slavery the congregation separated from the mother organization and joined the Methodist Church South. The Methodists have many superior church buildings in St. Louis, Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, at the corner of Tenth and N. Market streets, being one of the most prominent. This church was organized about 1857, when it was known as Simpson chapel. It has the distinction of having been the only northern Methodist church, which continued to hold services during the stormy period at the beginning of the Civil War. At the close of the year 1861 the Methodist church in Missouri began to revive, and this church shared in the general prosperity, and soon became well established. The Methodist Episcopal Church has about sixteen edifices in the city, some of them being very fine: Union Church on Lucas avenue, at the corner of Garrison, is an imposing edifice, located in the handsomest portion of the west end, and supported by many of the wealthiest and most highly cultured citizens. The Methodist Episcopal Church South has also many superior church buildings, Centenary Church, at Sixteenth and Pine streets, being one of the finest. The Cook Avenue Church, at Cook avenue and Spring avenue, is another fine building; while the St. John's Church, at Locust street and Ewing avenue, is one of the most prominent edifices in the western part of the city.

The Hebrew residents of St. Louis are very numerous, and form an important class in the mercantile, social and religious circles. They have several fine synagogues that are most creditable, and speak of their progressiveness and loyalty to the city's best interests. The United Hebrew Congregation is the oldest religious Hebrew association in St. Louis. Its first synagogue was completed in 1859, on Sixth street, between Locust and St. Charles streets. It was subsequently sold, and the congregation moved to Olive and Twenty-first streets. The congregation has greatly multiplied since then, and a number of handsome houses of worship are now located in the city. Temple Israel, at Pine and Leffingwell streets, is a splendid pile and one of the greatest ornaments to West St. Louis. The United Hebrew Congregation has a fine brick synagogue at Olive and Twenty-first streets; and at Pine and Seventeenth streets the handsome edifice known as the Shaare Emeth rears its stately front.

The leading Congregational church is known as the Pilgrim Church, and is located at Washington and Ewing avenues; it is a splendid, substantial building of pretentious architecture, and dimensions. Its spire attains a lofty height, and from its tower peal the chimes of a costly set of

70

bells, presented by the wife of a former minister. This is considered to be one of the handsomest church edifices in the West. The Congregational church of St. Louis was originally an off-shoot of the Third Presbyterian Church, and was organized in 1852; they have now fifteen church buildings, and contribute most liberally to all benevolent calls.

The Episcopal Cathedral, on Thirteenth street, is seventy-two years old, but even to-day is one of the finest church buildings in St. Louis. The little company, which assembled in a store on Main street on All Saints' Day, 1819, to organize the first parish of the Episcopal church west of the Mississippi river, looked from the brow of the bluff, which was then the eastern rampart of the little village, over the dark, waters of the majestic stream. There were then about 4,000 people in St. Louis. It was the day of small things, but this little company, which included some of the founders of the state and fathers of the city, had faith in the future of the town and the church they were planting.

Christ Church was there organized. The westward flow of population, which swept away so many down-town churches, carried Christ Church from Second to Third street, from Third to Fifth, and from Fifth to Thirteenth, where it has located permanently. The present edifice was taken formal possession of by the congregation on Christmas Day, 1867, and has been the home of a devoted membership for twenty years. It has recently become the cathedral of the Diocese of Missouri, and has received endowments amounting to $65,000. The Episcopalians have in all fifteen churches. In addition to these the Lutherans, Swedenborgians, Unitarians, and Evangelicals have substantial and attractive churches; all the denominations dwelling together in that Christian unity that is so characteristic of symmetrical progress.

Jefferson avenue, running north and south, at about the center of the city is a thoroughfare of great importance, and has the only line of cars running clear across the city. In addition to fine churches, stores and police headquarters, it has, located at the corner of Pine street, the celebrated Beaumont Hospital Medical College. This instituiton is one of the best in the West and is equipped thoroughly for work in all the various branches of medical and surgical science. The new building recently erected has every facility to offer the student for the prosecution of his studies, it contains three large amphitheaters, so arranged as to afford ample opportunity for witnessing all operations performed in the arena during clinics. The various departments for the study and research in bacteriology, histology, chemistry, and anatomy, are furnished with every appliance known to modern science, and has complete laboratories and libraries, so as to enable the students to compete with those of any other city in experimental work. The faculty has been selected with great care, and a full course is required of all students before graduation, so that they are eminently fitted to prosecute their work in the most advanced and cultured centers of population. Another medical college, well-known and established for many years, a half century, is the St. Louis Medical College. This college was one of the first to make a three years" term of study obligatory, and strictly held to the innovation in spite of the falling off of students and income. But so wise was the action on the part of the faculty, that they have had the pleasure of seeing their graduates win over eighty per cent of positions open to competitive examinations; and they have further increased the college term from five to eight months' duration. This increase in time enables the student to do practical work under skilled direction, in well equipped laboratories devoted to chemistry, normal and pathological histology, bacteriology and physiology, and also in the use of instruments of precision, as the opthalmoscope, laryngoscope, etc. The course of study at this college is a graded one, and examinations are held at the close of each session, so that the work of three years does not fall on the applicant for graduation en masse at the close of his career as a student. During the year past, the St. Louis Medical college has been made the medical department of the Washington University, so that students desiring to pursue a course of study in kindred sciences can find adequate instruction in this well-known institution. At the corner of Jefferson avenue and Gamble streets, the St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons is housed in a splendid building, three stories in height, built of brick with sandstone trimmings, and having a tower. This college has been in successful operation for thirteen years, and has had such success as to give it a reputation which has become world-wide. The faculty

71

is composed of men of high standing in the medical profession, many of them being the authors of textbooks of universal use in their lines, and the alumni are practicing in ail sections of this country with success to themselves and the highest honor to the institution. The students number about 200 and each year notes an additional number of matriculants. As has been mentioned elsewhere, there are in all about fifteen medical colleges, embracing all schools of medicine.

Hospitals.

There are twenty hospitals in St. Louis, including those belonging to various denominations and charitable organizations. The city hospital is located at Lafayette avenue and Lynn street, and is an immense building surrounded by beautifully cultivated grounds. The accommodations are for about 500 persons, and only male patients are admitted to this institution, there being a separate one for females, known as the Female hospital. It is located a short distance from Tower Grove park, on what is known as St. Louis Heights, and is one of the group of large city institutions there. It is a large building, fronting on Arsenal street. The accommodations are for about 200 patients at a time; and over 2,000 patients are treated, on an average, each year. It is free to women and children by permit from the city dispensing physician. The United States Marine hospital is another important institution. It is located in the southern section of the city, in a most beautiful spot over looking the river. It is an extensive institution

72

and has large buildings and beautifully laid out grounds. This hospital was formerly supported by a tax on all river men, but is now supported by the government, by Act of Congress. Its location is at Marine avenue, Miami street and the river. In addition to these, there are the following institutions, all of which are under the care of physicians of ability and high standing: The Biddle Infant and Lying-in hospital, Pin's hospital, Alexian Brothers' hospital, Evangelican Lutheran hospital, Protestant hospital, St. Luke's hospital, St. John's hospital, Children's hospital, Beaumont hospital, St. Mary's infirmary,

73

Polyclinic hospital, Augustus Free hospital, St. Louis Mullanphy hospital, Good Samaritan hospital, Missouri Pacific hospital, O'Fallon Park sanitarium, Female hospital and Baptist sanitarium.

The city has also numerous asylums, both municipal and benevolent, among them the most notable being the CITY INSANE ASYLUM. It is located on a commanding eminence — St. Louis Heights — five miles southwest of the court-house, near the western entrance to Tower Grove park. The building is of brick, having cut stone dressing and is five stories high. It is a large building, spacious and handsome, and is surmounted with a dome. It has twenty-five acres of ground surrounding it; these are laid off in gardens, lawns and exercise grounds. The building cost $1,000,000 including the site and furniture. This asylum has accommodations for 800 patients, which cost the city about $145 a year each. Almost every form of insanity is to be witnessed here, where the number is so great. The patients are afforded a variety of amusements, such as theatricals, balls, etc. The balls occur every Friday night, to which visitors are invited. Visitors are shown through the institution during the day, and this is one of the most interesting places to visit. An artesian well, said to be the deepest ever bored — 3,845 feet — is located on the grounds. This building is located on the highest point within twenty-five miles of the city, and the view from the dome is most magnificent. The suburbs of St. Louis are of unusual beauty and from this eminence one looks over a vast extent of territory as though from a mountain top. There is a state institution located at Franklin avenue and Morgan street, known as the blind asylum, familiarly, but properly denominated "The Missouri Institution for the Education of the Blind." The main building is large and commodious, and is admirably arranged for its purpose. Experienced teachers are employed, and the greatest success is attained in the educational department. The men and boys are taught broom-making and other useful trades; the women and girls are taught sewing, knitting, fancy work, etc. The perfection which many of the inmates attain in many branches, particularly music, is truly astonishing. We will here note several other institutions worthy of mention, notably the city poor-house and farm. It is near the insane asylum, and is an extensive and a very expensive building of four stories. It is built of brick and stone and has accommodations for 500 persons, who are friendless, fortuneless, and alone. The workhouse is a city necessity. Lawless men and women are imprisoned here for the time prescribed by the city court, and are obliged to labor at breaking rock, which is used in macadamizing the streets of the city. This institution is located on the river, three and one-half miles south.

Social Features.

St. Louis has nine clubs occupying their own homes, and gives annually the best fair in the world, her citizens having subscribed $1,000,000 to be spent in the autumnal festivities of the next three years. It is with pleasure we note the leading clubs and institutions of a social nature. The St. Louis Club is one of the largest clubs in the city, and has the distinction of owning the building and grounds which it occupies. The building is an elegant and attractive structure, built of red pressed brick with sandstone trimmings, having one grand entrance in the middle front, which leads into a palatial hall, showing the handsome double staircase, backed and lighted by a richly ornamented glass window on either side as you enter in the magnificently furnished apartments on this floor, consisting of reading rooms, billiard rooms, office, etc.; while the second floor, built on the same plan, affords ample room for the members when entertaining their friends. The club house is situated at Locust and Ewing avenues. This club has its membership limited to 400. Special receptions are given once each month with music, dancing and a great spread.

The Marquette Club was originated by the students of St. Mark's academy, a well-known literary association composed of alumni of the old St. Louis University. The ultimate purpose of St. Mark's had long been to develop into an organization like the Xavier Union of New York city, but it was not until September 1886, that the academy took the project vigorously in hand. With the able cooperation of representative Catholics of the city, the preliminary work was rapidly finished, and the club was organized and incorporated under the title of "Marquette Club." The objects of the club are summed up at the head of its constitutions as follows: "The primary objects of this club shall be to unite the representative Catholic gentlemen of the city and vicinity in bonds of social union;

74

to organize them into a body that shall represent, watch over, vindicate and further Catholic interests; to maintain such a union and such a body by establishing it in an unobjectionable club house, and by placing the club on a lasting basis; to perpetuate such a union and such a body of representative Catholics in the city of St. Louis." The club has been well patronized; its entertainments, lectures, and receptions have been of the highest order; its financial prosperity has increased without assessments, and as soon as it has added to its attractions the projected gymnasium, and bowling alleys, and hand-ball courts, this club will be the most complete Catholic club in the United States.

The St. Louis Spanish Club was incorporated to promote the trade of this city with the Latin-American Republics, and to establish headquarters for Spanish speaking residents and business men of St. Louis, and to afford opportunities for becoming conversant with the Spanish language and customs generally.

The Mercantile Club is domiciled at 708 Locust street, having splendid quarters fitted up with every convenience, and a fine restaurant where an elaborate menu is served. It has about 400 members.

The University Club has elegant quarters on the corner of Pine and Beaumont streets. It was formed of college men, who are noted for their generous hospitality, especially to gentlemen of prominence who visit St. Louis.

Germania Club is a social and musical organization. It has a large club house at 803 South Eighth street.

Harmonic Club is a leading organization composed of representative Jewish gentlemen. The club house at Eighth and Olive streets is a handsome building, built and owned by the club, and is furnished sumptuously.

Concordia Club is the leading Hebrew club of the South side, and has a spacious building, splendidly furnished at 1511 Chouteau avenue.

The Elks' Club have their quarters in the Laclede building, where they have splendid apartments. The Elks' benefit which takes place once a year at some leading theater, and at which the different theatrical companies playing the town appear, is a noted event with all playgoers.

The St. Louis Checker, Chess and Whist Club has rooms at 904 Olive street where it, has a large membership made up of gentlemen of standing in the city.

The St. Louis Base Ball Association is the St. Louis representative of the American Association of base ball clubs.

The St. Louis Gun Club is composed of representative business men, who have their own park for shooting grounds, besides large premises for field shooting, and many of its members are noted wing-shots. The objects of this club are to attain proficiency in shotgun shooting, to protect the wild game of the state, so that there may be always an abundance during season, and to have an outing for recreation and pleasure.

The Gentlemen's Driving Club is another popular organization, having headquarters at 704 Pine street, and they speed their horses at Forest park on the track there.

The Modoc Rowing Club is another popular club, having a neat boathouse at the foot of Anna street, and the crews of this club are always heard from favorably in the contests for sculling honors that are held throughout the country.

The St. Louis Jockey Club has for its principal purpose the improvement of the thoroughbred race-horse, by providing a racing course, over which trials of speed are made. The club offers purses aggregating large sums of money, and for which the horses are entered to run, the winner of any race gaining quite a handsome sum. By this means, owners of race-horses are enabled and encouraged to raise and improve fine horses. The members of the club are fond of witnessing interesting sports, and have provided themselves a magnificent clubhouse, which is located at the racing course of the fair grounds, and from whose broad verandas and terraces a fine view of the track is had. Besides this, it is luxuriantly furnished, and their social gatherings are held in its spacious apartments.

The Great St. Louis Fair is held each year in October. The people of this city and state look

75

with pride and affection upon this great annual exhibition, for it is there that for many years has been witnessed a vast concourse of a happy people in holiday attire, and around so many happy memories cling. This institution, though its unsurpassed annual exhibits, certainly has been a noble and useful instructor to the agriculturalist and stock breeder through the state and the Mississippi valley in general. The visitor here is enabled, by practical exhibition and observation, to learn more of the advancement of the times than would otherwise be learned by years of study and reading. The displays, as annually made, are not only mammoth in dimensions, but most excellent in their quality. The St. Louis fair is wholly unselfish in its existence and endeavors, no gain nor profit being expected by its individual stockholders: on the contrary, its sole efforts being for the purpose of the bringing the resources of the state before the world at large. This is demonstrated from the fact that never in the history of association, has a dividend

76

been declared, the profit derived being utilized invariably in the interest of increasing future attractions. The importance of this institution to the people of Missouri, certainly is unquestioned. Particularly will this be true during the years of 1892 and 1893, when its national reputation, already established, and the annual fairs to be held during these years, a large proportion of the people gathered together from all parts of the world at the Columbian Exhibition to be held in Chicago, will be induced to visit this city and state. Surely it must result most advantageously. A few years ago the St. Louis fair was not only the biggest thing in the country, in the legitimate "fair" line, but it also covered the fields with which the St. Louis Exposition is now so intimately associated. The growth and success of the downtown exposition, has in no way sheared the fair of either its glory or its usefulness, but on the contrary, it has enabled the managers of the fair to condense their efforts to improve the same in a way which would have been impossible, were their range as wide as it would have been in the absence of a "St. Louis Exposition." With dividing lines thus drawn, live stock and farm products and requirements have naturally become the leading features of the St. Louis fair. The agricultural interests and products of Missouri are best illustrated and advertised to its people by the the St. Louis fair, and the country folks look to the latter as the stage on which they can best learn, first, what kind of stock it is which can most improve their farms; second, where that stock can be procured, and third, what sort of a return the progressive farmer may expect for his energy and outlay in the way of stocking. The fair grounds consist of a grand park of 137 acres in the northwestern part of the city; there are well improved walks and drives, and the shrubbery, trees, green swards, statues, fountains, millions of flowers in their season, its beautiful lake, grotto, rustic bowers, with fine tasteful buildings scattered everywhere present a picture of interest of silvan beauty that one might traverse the continent to find unsurpassed. The St. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical Association was organized in 1855 by a few of St. Louis' most enterprising

77

citizens. Fifty acres of rough woodland were first enclosed quite beyond the city limits; a small amphitheater, two wood buildings — more properly sheds — a circular tent, a few improvised stalls and pigpens, was the original fair. To-day it has a mammoth amphitheater, sheds for 100,000 persons, magnificent zoological buildings, equal to those seen in the Royal Gardens of London, numerous collections of animals from all over the globe, and a wonderfully attractive exposition of art and industry. The fifty acres were increased to eighty-five and recently to 137, and these have been so improved that it would be difficult to suggest anything to increase their attractiveness. Millions of dollars have here been spent; all the earnings of the most successful enterprise of its kind extant, being devoted to its own improvement. The race-track occupies the sixty-three acres recently added to the fair grounds, and is within the same enclosure. It is said that this is the finest and one of the "fastest." tracks in the country. Over $300,000 has been expended in this recent improvement. The grandstand is acknowledged to be the finest architecturally, and the largest on any track; constructed in two immense tiers the seating capacity is very great, and commands a splendid view of the track and surrounding grounds.

Municipal.

The city hall is at present located on Eleventh street, between Market and Chestnut streets. The mayor and other city officers have their offices here. It is here that the municipal assemblies of both branches hold their meetings, and the health, police, sewer, auditing and other departments of city, government may be found. The present mayor is Hon. Edward A. Noonan, who is both popular and able as an executive, and has advanced the city's interest in a manner worthy of emulation.

The New City Hall now being erected in Washington square, will be a solid and sightly structure of red granite and brick. It is situated in the center of six acres of ground, and will have about 50,000 square feet of floor surface on each floor. The basement and first floor, of solid granite, are almost completed, the corner-stone having been laid several months ago. The cost of the building will be $1,500,000. It is to be four stories high, lighted by gas and electricity, heated by steam, thoroughly fireproof and fitted up with elevators. Without counting the rooms in the basement, there will be 150 rooms in the new city hall, including the large chamber of the municipal assembly, the treasurer's office and other large apartments. The council chamber will cover 4,500 square feet, and the House of Delegates chamber will cover the same area. The treasury department will have a main office covering 5,000 square feet, and the main offices of the assessor, and collector of water rates will be the same size. Besides being a solid and substantial building, it will be of very beautiful architectural design. At the main entrance of the building a $50,000 statue of General Sherman is to be to erected by the Sherman Monument Association and the city. Other pieces of statuary are to be used in various parts of the building, and ornamented stone carvings will also be used among the exterior decorations. The rotunda, entered through the main entrance, will be paved with mosaic work. The interior decorations are to be very costly and brilliant, and all the offices are to be newly and completely fitted up. Though most of the important contracts have been let, and the work is well on foot, it is thought that it will be three years before the building will be ready for occupancy; but when it is completed it will be a credit to the city and state, and one of the finest in the country.

Four Courts and Jail. One of the most striking features of St. Louis is the four courts and jail, located at Eleventh and Twelfth, Spruce and Clark streets. It is one of the handsomest structures in the city. It seems almost a duplicate of the Paris Hotel de Ville, which was destroyed in the commune. The cost of the building and site was about $1,000,000. The jail consists of a great central cage of iron bars, upon which the cells in tiers open, and which affords an excellent means of inspection. In the building are located the four criminal courts from which the building takes its name; also the police headquarters, the armory and detective offices. A feature of this place is the "Rogues' Gallery," which contains pictures of noted criminals, tools, etc. The police force of St. Louis is conceded to be one of the finest in America, in efficiency. It consists of 618 men, holding the

78

following positions: One chief, seven captains, fifty-nine sergeants, 495 footmen, forty mounted patrolmen and sixteen detectives. To these $626,012.26 are paid in salaries. The city is divided into five districts, and a district of mounted police, over which the force patrols. The changes of the day and night forces takes place at 11 a. m. and at 11 p. m. Connected with this system is the city patrols for caring for unfortunates. The little corrugated iron houses around the lamp-posts contain a telegraph instrument, accessible only to parties holding a key, usually a policeman, thus, to the unfortunate in an accident of any kind, may be summoned within a very few minutes a patrol wagon, which conveys the person to hospital or dispensary.

Fire Department. This is equal in efficiency to any in the country, having headquarters at the engine house at 816 N. Seventh street. The department has twenty-five steamers, five Babcock chemical engines and six hook and ladder companies. Of officers and men there are nearly 250. There are 425 fire alarm stations, all connected with the central fire station in the court-house, and from there to the engine houses. The striking of an alarm unhitches, automatically, the horses, who run to their places at the engine, where in a few seconds they are harnessed and hitched; at noon and at nine o'clock at night the alarms are struck to give the city time. Crowds are always attracted to the engine houses to see this exciting and interesting sight. The salvage corps is maintained by the insurance companies. It is their duty to attend every fire and protect stocks of goods from water by tarpaulins or removal. The corps is, as a rule, first at a fire, and is constituted in ten men and a captain.

An object of interest is the United States Arsenal. It is located on the river front, immediately opposite Arsenal island, between Arsenal and Utah streets. During the Civil war this was a very important and busy point on the map in the West. It was the depot for the Army and Navy gunboat service munitions, was crowded with soldiers, both cavalry and infantry. Thousands of cannons of all sizes for fortress, for gunboat, for artillery, lay in great rows, miles in length, and huge mortar and cannon balls were arranged in huge pyramids, and to be seen at every turn. Besides the several fine residences used, as officers' headquarters, are a number of massive stone buildings, which were used for the storage of small arms, ammunition, and different army accoutrements. Other of the buildings were used for manufacturing ammunition for the different branches of the service, and others for the mounting of cannons on carriages, and the preparing of outfits for regiments for active work on the war front. Ten miles from the city by the Iron Mountain road is located the Jefferson barracks, the cavalry headquarters, and depot for the West, where several regiments are always stationed.

Cotton Trade.

Of the utmost commercial importance to St. Louis is the cotton trade, this city being the largest interior cotton market in the world, and one of the greatest markets for that staple. The importance of St. Louis in this line has always been recognized, but it has only been during the past twenty years that the business has had the benefit of concentrated effort given by an organized body, such as is now had in its splendid exchange. This organization dates its founding to a certain day in October, 1873, when some progressive spirits met in the Merchants' Exchange, directors' room, and completed the organization of what is now known throughout the world as the Cotton Exchange. They could foresee the benefit such an organization would confer, both upon the commerce of the city, and the cotton trade in general, and in spite of opposition offered by the chronic pessimists, who held that no inland city could maintain an exchange in competition with the seaboard cities, they laid their foundation for an exchange building, commencing the work May 3, 1881, and finished the building April 30, 1882. The exchange building is a fine structure, in renaissance style, having a hall, fifty feet span and twenty-nine feet ceiling. From the founding of the exchange the question of a permanent and advantageous cotton market at St. Louis was solved, and the rapid increase in the volume of cotton receipts fully tested the wisdom of the undertaking. This enterprise had a most salutary effect upon the entire trade of the city, and it has been demonstrated that at least thirty-three and one-third per cent of the value of the cotton marketed in this city is exchanged for goods, which are distributed throughout the tributary cotton-raising

79

districts, thus working a direct benefit to our merchants. The railway facilities have been developed with such rapidity that sometimes the great advantages gained are overshadowed by the greatness of the undertakings, and the benefits lost sight of, hence some have not recognized the great advantages gained by the projection and completion of the "cotton belt" system, which extends through about 1,400 miles of the finest cotton producing country in the known world. It hardly seems necessary to call attention to the unsurpassed fluvial facilities enjoyed by St. Louis, for she has been known as the Queen City of the Mississippi for the past century, and her merchants thoroughly appreciate the fact that they possess the key to the inland commerce of this country. These two great forces naturally tend to build up the cotton market of St. Louis more firmly each year, so that it now rivals the advantages of the seabord, both in prices and shipping facilities. The growth of this trade has been demonstrated to have been as rapid and as profitable as that of any other commercial interest to this city; and while it has widened the commerce it has drawn an immense trade to this center.

In 1874-75 the gross receipts of cotton at this market were only 133,909 bales, while the total net receipts were 94,290 bales. Ten years later, 1884-85, the gross receipts arose to 291,056 bales, and the net receipts to 187,744 bales. In 1889-90 the operations

80

covered a total of 538,910 bales, of that amount the merchants and factors handled 227,087 bales. The sources of supply were as follows: From Arkansas, 312,348 bales; from Texas, 122,684 bales, and from the territory east of the Mississippi river, 81,500 bales. During that year the shipments amounted to 535,694 bales, of which 147,252 bales were shipped to the markets of Europe, and the remainder, excepting about 15,000 bales, to Canada, to domestic points of consumption. The average weight was 510 1/2 pounds per bale, and prices ranged from nine and one-half to eleven and seven-eight cents per pound. St. Louis has also facilities for compressing large quantities of cotton, and much of this is done here. There are three compresses having a combined capital of $625,000, and a capacity of compressing 6,000 bales per day, and a storage capacity of 240,000 bales. In 1890, there were 231,288 bales of cotton compressed. The future outlook for this commercial factor is bright, indeed, and it is confidently expected that ere long the volume of business will be swelled to 1,000,000 bales. The elegant Exchange building is located at Maine and Walnut streets, where it covers a quarter of a block. The building is five stories high, and is the finest building devoted to this purpose in the country. The cost of the structure was $150,000. Much valuable work is done by the secretary of this exchange in the preservation and publishing of statistics. The Wool and Fur Exchange shares the floor with the cotton brokers, and is becoming an important factor.

River Queen.

In a recent address before the Commercial Club superintendent of the census, Mr. Robert R. Porter, said: bank of commerce building. "I referred to the world's great river cities. With two or three possible exceptions there are none that outrank St. Louis. In the matter of tributary railways and waterways no river city is its superior. For example, we may throw Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois out of consideration, and still have more miles of railway tributary to St. Louis than the total mileage of the

81

United Kingdom of Germany, France, or Austria-Hungary. Add half of Illinois, which is justly tributary to this city, and we have a railway mileage to this one great river equal to the combined railway mileage of the United Kingdom and Austria-Hungary. Again take the mileage of railways centering in St. Louis, and we find it equal to the total mileage of the German empire, and exceeding by about 5,000 miles the total mileage of the railways of England or of France. These are not boastful facts, but facts, which point to a future far beyond that as yet attained by Europe's great river cities. I do not know that St. Louis, even in these days of railroad supremacy, is ever likely to forget the value of her commercial waterways; still, it will do no harm to recall the fact that it was to these same waterways that St. Louis first owed its importance as a trade center. Prior to 1855, as is well-known, the commerce of St. Louis was almost entirely dependent upon the Mississippi river and its navigable tributaries for means of transportation, that commerce extended as far northwestward as Fort Benton, as far northward as St. Paul, as far eastward as Pittsburgh, and as far south as New Orleans. Notwithstanding the immense competition of railroads St. Louis still retains its water traffic with these points, and while much of it has been diverted to the landways, there have been extensions of water traffic in other directions, and St. Louis now claims the Illinois, the Cumberland, the Tennessee, the Arkansas, the Red, and the Washita, with their affluents as streams, which are tributary to her commerce; in a word, St. Louis stands as the commercial center of the whole fluvial system of the Mississippi valley.

Manufacturing Cent

That St. Louis is destined to become the great mid-continent manufacturing center no one, who will study the signs of the times, can deny. St. Louis occupies the position in relation to Denver, Kansas City, Omaha, and other cities to-day that Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Baltimore occupied in relation to St. Louis fifty years ago. And as they were the bases of supply then, so is St. Louis to be in the future. The facilities for successful manufacturing are at her door, the means of transportation beckoning her on, and the consumer is clamoring to have his needs supplied a thousand miles nearer home at a saving of expense in first cost, and the additional expense of transportation. In many lines the demand is being filled, and in the last ten years there has been an increase of over $70,000,000 invested, and an increase of over 44,000 artisans employed, swelling the number of employes in manufacturing lines to 86,000. The wages paid to these workmen are fully $50,000,000 a year. Ten years ago there only 2,924 manufacturing establishments of all kinds, while, now the city is blessed with 5,500. The annual value of their products ten years ago was $114,333,375, while now it has become over $213,000,000, an increase of nearly $100,000,000. St. Louis now has a total capital invested in her manufactories of $120,750,000. So that now the leading boot and shoe house of the country is no longer in Massachusetts, but St. Louis; the manufacture of malt liquors is here; woodenware is manufactured here; drugs here more than elsewhere; furniture rapidly coming to the front; paints, patent medicines, and other articles of commerce are being made here, and the city daily growing in this bone and sinew of commercial importance — manufacturing. We will mention a few of the leading lines only; we have here a leading industry in brewing and distilling.

The brewing and distilling interests of this city, which represent a capital of over $35,000,000, have a constantly increasing volume of business. The total output for the past year was about 2,000,000 barrels of beer. The high place held by St. Louis as a brewing center can be seen at a glance, when it is stated that the output of the entire United States amounted to only something over 34,000,000 barrels. These figures show what an enormous amount of beer is consumed in the United States, and also the prominent part St. Louis' breweries play in supplying the demand. Year by year the industry has grown, the old breweries being increased in capacity, and new ones being built. The great consumption of the St. Louis product is owing to the excellence of the goods. While the brewers are energetic, pushing men of business, and widely advertise their goods, they do not do so to an extent equal to the calls for their brands. The St. Louis product may be found in all parts of the world, and the entire trade in beer with South and Central America and Mexico is almost monopolized by it. A profitable trade is had even with the Sandwich Islands and Australia. This trade is exclusively in bottled goods. Owing to the costliness of cooperage and the return freight it is impossible to ship to these countries in bulk; the

82

exporters are endeavoring to have regular lines of fast steamers established, and if this should be accomplished, it would give a great impetus to the export of the St. Louis brands. The trade with Mexico has been increased greatly, the American and especially St. Louis products have almost entirely driven the European brands from that market. In the early history of beer production in this country the quality of the article made was limited to the most primitive methods. The demand was in proportion to the quality. As the quality improved, so the demand, and we see the consumption of beer in the United States of beer manufactured in this country increasing yearly at the rate of from 100,000 to 200,000 barrels. The amount of beer consumed in this country in the summer is only limited to the capacity of the breweries, so great has become the appreciation of this popular and temperate beverage. During the summer, more beer being consumed, the breweries are run at their full capacity; in winter less being required, the breweries are not pushed. Large quantities of beer are exported, the demand for the American brew being more than national, and these foreign orders are gowing as rapidly in proportion as those at home. The largest brewery in the world is located at St. Louis, the Anheiser-Bush brewery, and while it is one of the most colossal establishments on the globe, with its massive buildings covering some forty-five full city blocks, there is being added constantly new buildings, new departments and facilities to meet the increase in consumption of its famous beers. To make a tour through this great establishment requires ten hours at best, and that under the direction of regular guides, who depart from the general offices at stated periods of each day with visitors. The total production of beer by all the breweries in the United States is in round numbers 30,000,000 barrels, that of the largest brewery in the old world, at Munich, was 391,000 barrels, while that of this firm Is now over 1,000,000 barrels. A few figures compiled from official record will be interesting. The sales of beer in seven of the principal cities, whose sales amounted to more than 1,000,000 barrels are shown in the following table:
New York — 4,247,851
St. Louis — 1,568,369
Chicago — 1,566,392
Brooklyn — 1,402,415
Milwaukee — 1,472,096
Philadelphia — 1,387,004
Cincinnati — 1,068,494

What more can be said? These figures explain the situation, and the facilities for the manufacture of this beverage in St. Louis.

The manufacturers of hydraulic pressed brick now turn out 140,000,000 bricks of the finest quality, shipping them to all sections of the country, this section now being known as the leading one in the world for fancy bricks of all kinds. This industry has invested in the manufacture of brick and tile $2,531,128, and produce each year an output valued at $1,691,692.

Another important manufacturing line is that of producing furniture. In some departments of the furniture trade St. Louis leads the world. The output of fifty-one manufactories, confined to the manufacture of straight furniture, amounts to $8,000,000, which marked an increase of fifteen per cent last year over that of the previous year. The factories employ 4,160 men, and have $4,250,000 capital invested. The whole United States is a market for St. Louis furniture. It goes to Oregon, California, and the new Northwest. Into every state and territory west of the Mississippi river, in all the states east of the Mississippi, and south of the Ohio river, excepting Virginia. As a matter of course St. Louis supplies Southern and Central Illinois and Indiana, and she also invades Chicago's "preserves" in filling large orders in Minnesota. Certain classes of goods are placed in every state of the Union. As to the present financial condition of the trade it is a fact that the manufacturers of furniture in St. Louis are making more money on a smaller capital invested than any other class of manufacturers. This city, in fact, needs more manufactories in order to supply the demand, which exceeds the city's present capacity fully twenty-five per cent. The St. Louis Furniture Board of Trade, an active organization, has worked untiringly for the general interests of the trade, its main endeavor being to attract increased manufacture of the finer grades of furniture in St. Louis. This board is the only commercial organization in the country that publishes its own journal, The Furniture

83

News, a bright well edited monthly, devoted entirely to the furniture interests of St. Louis. The lobbing furniture interests of St. Louis, dealing principally in the finest grades, amount on a conservative estimate to $1,500,000. The jobbing interests in mouldings and coffins swell the above figures considerably, while the manufactures in the same line and the general woodenware trade account for the employment of about 7,000 men, and an investment of about $10,000,000. No place has ever had a better geographical situation for the manufacture of furniture than has St. Louis. Her location at the very gateway of the mighty forests of Arkansas and Tennessee, along whose banks washes the Mississippi and its tributaries, furnishing easy transportation for lumber at a low rate, and constituting an outlet for her manufactured products to the world, to say nothing of her facilities as one of the leading railroad centers in the United States. In less than another decade St. Louis will be second to none in the production of furniture. She needs factories for the manufacture of the finer grades, which will be established here, when the advantageous position of St. Louis as a market, manufacturing center, and distributing point is more fully understood. In less than a quarter of a century this industry has reached its present mammoth proportion, and the product not only finds an eager market in every quarter of the United States, but also in Germany, England, Mexico, South America, and the Latin American states. The reputation St. Louis has established for faithful, honest work and uniform excellence in the medium and common grades of furniture, has contributed not a little to this desirable state of affairs. The woods principally employed in the manufacture of St. Louis furniture are oak, ash, maple, poplar, walnut, cherry, and mahogany. The last named does not enter largely into manufacture, but St. Louis is the great distributing point for this wood, being one of the nearest commercial centers to the seat of production. Foremost among the present productions of the factories of St. Louis are medium class bed rooms suites, wardrobes, and tables. More chairs are made by three factories here than the combined factories of any other city in the country. Next in importance is the manufacture of parlor furniture, an industry, which, while yet in its infancy, has assumed immense proportions.

84

There are more kitchen safes made in St. Louis than in the balance of the United States. The springbed industry, owing to the fact that St. Louis manufacturers own all of the best patents, is destined to be the largest in the country.

The lumber business is also of vast importance, and as an industry under the head of manufacturing is important, having invested $3,376,391 in sawing and planing, packing boxes, sash, doors, blinds, etc. The value of the product is estimated at over $5,102,300. In lumber St. Louis has the whole country for her market, sending hardwoods and yellow pine to Southern Illinois and Indiana, and adjacent points north and west, and white pine to the South and Southwest. In point of fact St. Louis holds the position of being the greatest center of distribution, both by river and rail. The distribution of hardwoods during the year past has never been equaled. In strong contrast with the lumber situation in St. Louis is the fact that Chicago's stocks of lumber are now 120,000,000 feet less than a year ago, implying a falling off of business in the lumber trade of that city. In yellow pine the situation is improving, and trade continues in good volume, with prices fairly steady. The sash, door, and blind interests are increasing phenomenally, each year marking an advance of great proportions. Most of the factories have large orders ahead. In addition to the vast local interests there are millions of St. Louis capital invested in outside lumber interests, principally in the South, which do not affect this market. The receipts of lumber from Tennessee and along the lower Mississippi, all river, show an increase each year, some years as high as fifty per cent, while rail receipts show an increase of ten per cent. An interesting feature is the placing of a market of various woods not hitherto considered of any special value; notably for white holly for blinds and finished work; gum for cabinet-making, and a demand for sycamore, one firm having recently shipped 20,000,000 feet to Canada.

In the meat packing business St. Louis occupies a position of great importance, ranking third in

85

this important industry; we have mentioned the business done at the Stock Yards in cattle, hogs, etc., and simply state here that in the wholesale meat business the value of the product was in 1890 $11,556,606. It is interesting to note the products of these packing houses, each one sending forth new and varied products year by year, as improved methods of preserving and utilizing every portion of an animal are adopted. A packing house operated after the fashion in vogue to-day will turn out all of the following articles: Cooked corned beef, lunch beef, chipped beef, family beef, prime beef, beef heart, ox tails, beef rolls, beef rumps, deviled tongue, deviled ham, lunch ham, pigs' feet, pigs' ears, pigs' tongues, pigs' shanks, leaf lard, steamed lard, butterine, neat's foot oil, neutral oil, pork sausage, headcheese, fertilizers, ammoniate, hog castings, mess pork, family pork, fat back pork, pork hams, boneless hams, clear bellies, spice rolls, short clear middles, pork chops, standard backs, short clears, sweetbreads, table luxuries, boiled beef, roast beef, mess beef, plate beef, extract of beef, beef tongue, beef ham, beef casings, beef bladders, potted tongue, potted ham, lunch tongue, pigs' snouts, pigs' tails, pigs' head, pigs' hearts, refined lard, lard compound, lard oil, tallow oil, stearine, bologna sausage, blood pudding, pepsin, dried blood, hog bladders, clear pork, pig pork, prime pork, picnic hams, breakfast bacon, sweet pickled bellies, long clear middles, short ribs, dried shoulders, long clears, triped soap. From this we conclude that truly there is very little waste, and in packing the old adage that "economy is wealth" certainly holds good.

The last census showed $12,133,000 invested in foundries and machine shop products, with a product valued at $14,566,852. The capacity for the production of stoves is equal to 150,000 per annum, while the business in making machinery and engines is simply immense. The manufacture of Corliss, piston and slide valve engines, glass machinery, and machinery for the manufacture of steam and hydraulic elevators, cotton presses, railroad spikes, and insulation for electric wires in St. Louis is such as to place her in the forefront. One large concern, which manufactures Corliss engines turned out 140, and 80 piston and side valve engines, 49,000 and 6,400 horse power, respectively. The tonnage of engines shipped is estimated at 6,600. From 1,500 to 2,000 tons of raw material was used in custom work. A conservative estimate places the consumption of raw material at 12,000 tons in the leading factory, or an aggregate of 26,000 tons in the city. About 8,000 tons of pig iron are imported from Ohio, Tennessee, and Alabama, and about 4,000 tons of scrap and soft iron. Fully 800 tons of steel and wrought iron were imported during the year from Pittsburgh. St. Louis takes the lead in the manufacture of glass machinery. During the year one large firm shipped 2,000 tons of this class of work to a point forty miles east of Pittsburgh, the great center of glass manufacture, and placed an order for 2,000 tons in Indiana. One contract alone represented $450,000, and the firm carries considerably more than $500,000 in contracts, which will require steady work night and day to complete. Another important interest is the manufacture of railroad spike machines, large orders being held for the rolling mills of Brazil, Ind. Much has been done in the manufacture of cotton presses, but this branch will soon be increased. St. Louis again comes into direct and most damaging competition with the factories of the East in the manufacturing of machinery suited to turn out the rubber insulation for electric wires, and the electric supplies generally. This class of work throws Indiana manufactures in the same line completely in the shade. The manufacture of steam and hydraulic elevators, and machines for making pressed brick is a growing industry, and heavy contracts have been filled for Pueblo, Colo., and other western points. St. Louis has also taken no inconsiderable part in the manufacture of machinery for cable roads.

The fame of North St. Louis as a center for four of the largest boiler establishments of the West has extended to all parts of the United States, and it is based upon the superior class of work invariably turned out. "It doesn't make a bit of difference," said a veteran in the boiler making industry, "whether the pressure required is forty or 280 pounds of steam, the work is done with the same painstaking fidelity to every detail, and the pressure is regulated in the same manner. Our artisans learned their trade in the good old days when the boilers for steamboats were in demand, which were liable to be put to the supreme test of having a little nigger placed upon the safety valve, at almost any time.

86

You can't teach these old dog new tricks; hence the just renown of the St. Louis boiler. Theirs is a good fault." Between 700 and 1,000 men are employed in this industry. Heavy shipments of St. Louis boilers meet the supply of raw requisite in their construction in Pittsburgh, and they are sold in Cincinnati, through Ohio, and the South and West. A vast amount of architectural iron is also manufactured here, the factories being kept busy, and taxed to their utmost capacity. Of the 200,000 tons of barbed wire manufactured in the United States, St. Louis produces her full proportion, there being only three other places in the country where barbed wire is manufactured in as large a quantity. The quality and finish of the St. Louis product is recognized everywhere for its superiority. A score of factories are engaged in the manufacture of wire fencing, screens, nails and a general line of wire goods. This line of manufacturing is having rapid increase, each year noting new branches occupied. The iron pipe industry of St. Louis is probably the most flourishing branch of iron work at present. The high phosphorous or non-bessemer pig of Alabama is used exclusively in the manufacture of pipe, as the bessemer product of Missouri and the Lake Superior regions is not suited for the purpose. The same metal enters into the manufacture of stoves and all cast-iron products of the foundries. Over 225,000 tons of Alabama pig were imported during the past year and the output of gas and water mains was 150,000 tons, distributed between two large establishments, and some twenty or thirty smaller foundries. During the year past the following large orders were filled: Ten thousand tons of water pipe for Chicago, 12,000 tons for the Denver Waterworks Company, 8,000 tons for Atlanta, 3,000 tons for Minneapolis, and numerous smaller orders throughout the West and Northwest, besides holding a large unfilled order for Seattle. We have noticed the manufacture of boots and shoes, and tobacco, and marked the fact that St. Louis is the greatest tobacco manufacturing center in the world.

East St. Louis.

Of as much importance to St. Louis, as is Brooklyn to New York, is East St. Louis, Ills. This has become a city of great and constantly increasing importance, having already a population of 25,000, and in connection with the suburbs of Madison, Venice, Brooklyn and East Carondolet, a population of 31,500. For many years East St. Louis was neglected, but it has now become a great commercial factor, a telling railway center and a manufacturing city of more than ordinary importance. It has nineteen trunk line railroad systems centering there, and the same 23,000 miles of river navigation accessible that has made St. Louis great. In addition, nature has beautifully stored coal and iron in abundance, so that her future is assured, and her advancement is only to be gauged by the energy of her citizens. Coal is delivered for manufacturing purposes at seventy-five cents per ton. The city has excellent sanitary arrangements in a complete sewer system; it is supplied with schools of the highest grade of efficiency, and has churches of every denomination, with edifices of real architectural beauty, and preachers of high abilities. The citizens of this splendid city are both progressive and aggressive and have adopted a wise policy for advancing the city's interests in improving it in every way, lighting the streets, superintending the construction of all buildings so as to insure the best sanitation and safety, and in every way making it attractive to manufacturers and artisans alike. The city is provided with an electric street car service, the line extending from the river front past the east terminus of the Eads bridge to the National Stock Yards. This line will soon be extended four or five miles along the city outskirts and from time to time to such sections as may seem proper. A new railway is contemplated and will soon be in operation, giving fully twelve miles of additional trackage to the service. There is now in process of construction here, a new malleable iron works, where fully 2,000 men will be regularly employed, thus opening up a magnificent industry that cannot help but advance the interests of the city. In addition to this, sites have been chosen for new glass and steel post factories, and a new iron mill, all of which will employ a great number of workmen, and increase the traffic of the place. The second largest stock yards in America are located in East St. Louis, and do a business of $40,000,000 annually. The influence on trade of the live stock interest is so great that its prosperity or decline is felt in all branches of commerce. This

87

city occupies the important position of being the intermediate market between the great ranch and stock farming districts of the Southwest and the center of consumption of the East, and our railroads can place live stock or dressed meats on the eastern seaboard at less cost, and in less time, than if

88

shipped via any other market receiving the Southwest stock. When cattle are killed here for refrigerator shipment east, there is a saving in distance, a saving in shrinkage and a saving in charges, and as charges and shrinkage come out of the cattle, the shipper nets more money than after paying higher charges to reach Chicago. The immense slaughtering establishments are located adjoining these yards. Their demands, the local consumption and the many buyers who represent packing houses, and those who buy for shipment to eastern and foreign markets guarantee at all times, prices that average better than those of any other city. The following were the receipts for last year. Cars,

89

36,613; cattle, 630,356; hogs, 840,927; sheep, 347,573; horses, 21,608. These yards have now been established for eighteen years, and as has been said are of the utmost value, not only to this city, but both of the cities. The business at these yards is done by the various commission firms, all of which hold membership in the Live Stock Exchange. These gentlemen are all expert handlers of live stock, most of them having been in the business for years, or else have been connected with the firms engaged in packing and shipping. These men act as the agents and advisors of the stockmen, and also frequently as their bankers, making them liberal advances on consignments, that frequently mount up to millions of dollars each year. There was a time when in the competition for business, rates of commission were unsettled, and unscrupulous dealers would take advantage of the unwary shippers, but this is now radically changed. A stated commission prescribed by the Exchange is all that is allowed to be charged, and shippers can, and frequently do, consign their carloads of cattle to the yards, not accompanying the cars themselves, but relying upon the members of the exchange to whom they are consigned to effect the sale and remit the proceeds, knowing that they can do so with perfect safety, and avoid the inconvenience of an ofttimes tedious journey, and that their consignments will receive as good care and bring as high a price as if they were upon the ground themselves. This condition of affairs is due to the Stock Exchange, which was organized by straightforward and honest men to afford reliable and trustworthy see at a reasonable compensation for all shippers of live stock, whether they handle one car a year or thousands each month, and to-day exchange stands the equal of any mercantile organization in the country. The bank located in the Exchange building is of great value also, affording the best banking facilities. Improvements are being added to these yards each year, and recently an electric road has been completed to the bridge, the cars on which, run regularly, taking only thirty minutes to make the trip from St. Louis to the yards, which is of great value and an accommodation of the greatest value to visitors and business men.

East St. Louis is being rapidly built in a most substantial manner, and real estate has advanced in a very satisfactory way. The streets are lined with fine stores, all branches of trade being represented, and the spirit of dependence has been entirely laid aside, the city having developed to such an extent as to realize its importance and the extraordinary facilities and elements of greatness. In addition to the industries already mentioned, there are many of importance, some of which it is necessary to mention here: The pork packing and dressed beef works being of great importance; also two pork packing establishments, five grain elevators, three flouring mills, two electric light plants, one gasworks plant, one waterworks plant, one railroad iron mill, nut and bolt mill, one railroad iron and frog works, two wire mills, one metal mill, one cotton compress, one brewery, three banks, one carriage works, seven express companies, two barrel manufacturies, two copper supply works, four planing mills, two soda and vinegar factories, two broom manufactories, three harness

90

banks, one carriage works, seven express companies, two barrel manufactories, two copper supply works, four planing mills, two soda and vinegar factories, two broom manufactories, three harness manufactories, five newspapers, three lumber yards, two hospitals, nine churches, six public schools, four parochial schools, three libraries, one Y. M. C. A., and numerous building and loan and mutual benefit societies.

The Future.

Pages might be multiplied until this book would extend to cumbrous proportions in expatiating on what the Mound City's future may be, the past of St. Louis having furnished such a record of continuous and sustained growth. One single, sweeping glance over the history of the past decade alone will prove even to the most casual observer that the future of the city is almost limitless in its aspirations and possibilities. No matter what avenue of useful enterprise you may select, you can find no more fitting field for the employment of your talents, or the exercise of your energies, nor one which promises richer rewards in fortune or fame, than are furnished in this magnificent, ever-growing city, so bountifully endowed by nature, so lightly burdened by man. Wealth, grandeur and political power, have their source in the movements of the busy hands whose nimble fingers weave across the dusky work of history a warp of glittering gold. In drear monotony sweep the lines of fate, until the cheery hand of labor, with one toss of its flying shuttle, binds the disconnected threads in one broad fabric, whose smiling surface gleams with the changing sheen of human weal. Leaving the stained and tangled web of the past behind her, St. Louis welcomes the workers of the world, and with their help shall rise a gigantic city whose glory never can grow dim. Upon her swelling bosom she offers rest and sustenance to the weary; hope to the dispirited, and wealth to the energetic. We have no inflated panegyric to pronounce upon the chivalry of her sons, or the beauty of her daughters; no fervid protestation of patriotism to make; no fanciful theories to advance, and no gaudy display of stilted rhetoric to make, or studied declamation to exhibit. We take the dead past and the living present as the forecasts of St. Louis' future, and enlightened judgment ought to furnish a fair estimate of its possibilities. The advantages already described as to her position as a central point for manufactures, trade, literature, and the fine arts, her means of access to so many pleasure resorts, her beautiful parks and squares, shaded sidewalks, healthful climate, and religious and educational facilities, speak for themselves. "See Naples and die," says an Italian axiom, just as though after that there is nothing else worth living for. It may yet become proverbial to say, what is already worth saying,

SEE ST. LOUIS AND LIVE IN IT!

The scope and magnitude of St. Louis' commerce and interests will be pretty accurately divined by careful reference to the following accurate review of the rise and progress of her principal business houses — concerns which indubitably merit the confidence and patronage of the community at large.

91

Representative Houses of St. Louis.

The pages that follow contain many of the representative houses in St. Louis, and in connection with the illustrated portion of the work will be found profitable and interesting.

Eagle Iron Works

The Eagle Iron Works secures to St. Louis the supremacy in manufacturing of and trade in general machinery and supplies. The proud position attained by this house in six short years, is a striking instance of what can be attained by the exercise of push and energy, wisely directed and supplemented by skill and executive ability, in such a growing and progressive center as St. Louis. The business was incorporated under Missouri state laws in 1859, and the officers who now have the direction of affairs are Mr. H. S. Albrecht, president, and Mr. A. Schoelhorn, vice-president and secretary. No gentlemen are better qualified to successfully conduct a great machinery emporium and to develop its latent resources to their greatest capacity than these. They occupy the whole of a fine building, four stories with basement in height, running completely through block from North Levee to Commercial street, as a manufactory, and require the adjoining building of the same large dimensions, for storage purposes. Here is to be found a complete equipment of the newest machinery and the most improved appliances that a business of heavy nature requires, the motive force being supplied by seventy-five horse-power steam engine. Engines, boilers, hangers, shafting, pulleys, boxes, pulverizers, bone mills, saw miles, and brick machinery are included among their productions, with steamboat work to all kinds receives most careful attention. Blacksmithing in all its branches is carried on, every facility being at hand for the manipulation of the heaviest work being in first-class style, and with the best results. A prominent feature of these works is the repairing department which occupies the attention of a large force of skilled machinists. The company are extensive dealers in second-hand machinery. All machines sent our are guaranteed in good workable condition, and are offered at extremely low princes. The trade of this house already extends to every part of the West and Northwest, and is increasing every year with steady strides. Mr. A. Schoelhorn is a native of Germany, and came to this country in 1872, choosing St. Louis at his place of abode two years later. His energy and foresight have been invaluable in building up the trade to its present proportions. With a capital of $25,000, an excellent executive, and perfect facilities, the prospects of his unexcelled concern are of the most satisfactory and promising nature. The telephone call is No. 307.

92

ROTHSCHILD BROS.

MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
HATS, — CAPS, — GLOVES, — UMBRELLAS,
815 and 817 WASHINGTON AVENUE, ST. LOUIS, MO.

ST. LOUIS offers advantages to men of push and energy with or without capital, which no other city in the Union can excel. Her citizens have but to point to many flourishing houses in their midst, which began in a very small way, and which by dint of perseverance and enterprise, have grown to be stately and imposing establishments. A conspicuous case in point is that of Messrs. Rothschild Bros., who, commencing business in the year 1872, to-day stand in the front rank among the leading commercial houses of St. Louis. The building in which their business is now conducted, 815-817 Washington Ave., is seven stories and basement in height, besides which they have a commodious warehouse on Lucas avenue and Eighth St., to accommodate surplus stock, which embraces HATS, CAPS, GLOVES AND UMBRELLAS of all shapes, sizes and qualities. Their great specialty is HATS, which are manufactured for them on their own exclusive designs, and which include such well-known brands as the "Fairmount," "World-Wide," "Metropolitan," "Star" and "Giant," all favorites with the fashionable public, and recognized by retailers as the quickest selling articles in the shape of head gear that can be procured. Their stock is not only the largest, but the best in St. Louis, containing: in each department the productions of the most renowned makers in the world. A large force is constantly employed in the house, and no less than twenty-four traveling salesmen attend to the wants of their thousands of patrons throughout the south, southwest, and west, as far as California. The showrooms occupy all floors from the first to the seventh inclusive, and lend themselves admirably to the advantageous display of the varied stock. The elevators are operated by steam, every modern convenience being at hand. Both Messrs. Albert and Julius Rothschild are practical merchants, giving their personal attention to the numerous details of this vast business, thus carefully guarding the interests of their many patrons, and strengthening the bulwark of their success in the trade.

94

COMPTON

The business of lithographing and fine color printing is one which calls for the exercise of a vast amount of skill and high artistic talent, and has been brought to its greatest perfection by the representative houses of the West. Among these a conspicuous place is merited by Messrs. Compton & Sons, whose attainments in this interesting line have secured the enthusiastic encomiums of all lovers of the art. Mr. R. J. Compton founded the business many years ago, and has built up a trade of massive proportions, which extends over the whole of the Southwest. This business was established in 1872 with ample capital, and has to day an immense patronage of a most desirable character. Mr. Compton, St., holds the position of president, while his son, Mr. P. C. Compton, is vice-president and manager; Mr. Richard J. Jr., is secretary, and Mr. Geo. B. Compton is treasurer. All are natives of this city, and bring to bear the highest qualifications for their duties, managing the extensive business with a wisdom and enterprise that might be advantageously imitated by others less firmly established, The productions of this house are distinguished by a clearness and delicacy, which stamp them as superior in those difficult, yet desirable features, while in original designs, and exquisite finish, their work is absolutely unexceled by that of any house in the line. All kinds of lithographing and printing for books, show cards, catalogues, etc., is executed in the highest style, and a specialty is made of fine color work, much of which is worthy to be classed among real works of art. The premises at No. 212 Locust street are of ample dimensions, equipped with all the latest machines and appliances pertaining to the industry, supplied with steam power and every convenience for the prosecution of the business. Many skilled assistants are constantly employed in the various departments, and the best methods are invariably followed, the aim ever being to produce the most artistic results, not only upon the old lines, but upon original and novel ideas which invariably attract attention and secure the approval and elicit the admiration of the trade. The establishment is one of the most important and influential in the West, and under its present able management occupies a commanding position, and is sure in the near future to greatly extend its trade relations throughout all parts of the country, especially in this progressive and growing section.

MALCOM ULCH.

Among those prominent as livery men and undertakers, is Mr. Malcom Ulch, who has had a long practical experience in both branches of the business, and who is well qualified in every way to attend to orders and render the best satisfaction. He has been established at 2710 and 2712 Lafayette avenue, the past two years, and in that time acquired a name and reputation for promptness and reliability greatly redounding to his credit. His establishment, known as the South Side Stables, consists of a commodious two-story brick building, 60x120 feet in dimensions. This is not only thoroughly drained, but is a model of cleanliness and order. The stalls are all on the ground floor in the rear, and the carriages are kept on the second floor. Mr. Ulch owns twenty fine horses and a full stock of coaches, carriages, buggies, harness, robes, etc, all of elegant style, and every care is taken that all equipages sent out are provided with every comfort and convenience. Orders for weddings, parties, theaters, funerals, etc.. and for light livery receive immediate attention, while prices are governed by moderation. A special feature is made of buying, selling and exchanging carriage, driving, saddle and work horses on commission, and every animal sold is fully guaranteed as represented, Mr. Ulch's reputation for honor and fairness in all transactions being unquestioned. In the undertaking department every facility and convenience is provided for taking charge of and directing funerals. Besides coffins, caskets, robes, etc Mr. Ulch supplies handsome hearses, and such is the completeness of his equipment that he can attend to calls at any hour, day or night, and render prompt service. Although a resident of St. Louis some ten years, Mr. Ulch is a native of the Province of Ontario, Canada. He is a thorough business man, and as an undertaker he has the reputation of being the most considerate and reliable on the South Side. He is a member of the Livery Keepers' and Undertakers' Association. His office is connected by telephone with all parts of the city, the call being 2458, and every effort is made to exactly meet the wants of patrons in every particular, neither pains nor expense being spared to cater most efficiently to the public in all departments, and to sustain the high character which this establishment has secured for promptness, reliability, and the elegance of the equipment and the perfect service rendered on all occasions when required.

95

KRENNING GLASS CO.

For a really fine and varied exhibition of china, glass and queensware, we know of no house in St. Louis superior to that of the Krenning Glass Company, whose splendid four-story and basement building, at Nos. 820 and 822 N. Fourth street, runs completely through to Nos. 823 and 825 N. Third street, and affords unexcelled accommodation for the storage and display of their immense stock. Here are to be found the most beautiful samples of the potter's art. Such brands as Royal Worcester, Crown, Derby, Haviland, Milton, Sevres, and many others of the finest texture, and the most artistic ornamentation and coloring are kept continually in stock. But the most wonderful thing in the whole establishment, is an enormous ironstone china teapot, upward of three feet in height, and of sufficient capacity to hold forty-two gallons of tea. This article is a marvel of skill, both constructive and decorative, and bears an inscription in gold letters, which states it to be a Christmas token to the Krenning Glass Co, from the noted manufacturer, Mr. Alfred Meakin of Tunstall, England, whom this firm represents. It occupied an entire cask during the shipment. This fine business was founded thirty years ago, and during that extended period it has held an honored position among its peers in the trade. In 1889 it was incorporated with a capital of $100,000, fully paid up at present, the officers being as follows: President, Mr. F. H. W. Krenning; vice-president, Mr. Wm Krenning, and secretary, Mr. H. W. Hensehneier; all gentlemen of conspicuous ability, methodical and prompt in their dealings. They have introduced several novel features into the business, and make a specialty of Ohio stoneware in car-load lots. The trade is very extensive, and rapidly increasing, and St. Louis may well be proud of possessing such an establishment.

JOEL SWOPE & BROTHER.

In 1866 Mr. Joel Swope established in St. Louis the retail shoe house which as "Swope's" is now so widely known throughout the country and has no rival in popularity in the city of its location. In 1880 the firm became Joel Swope & Brother upon the occasion of Mr. Meyer Swope being admitted into partnership. They occupy one of the choicest mercantile situations in St. Louis at No. 311 N. Broadway, using two lofty stories and a basement for the prosecution of their immense and flourishing business. The interior of "Swope's" is artistically decorated, furnished in the best of taste with every modern appliance for the comfort and convenience of the salespeople employed and with most luxurious quarters for their patronage, which is of a wealthy and fashionable character. The floors have each an area of 20x129 feet, the first floor being devoted to the private offices and the sale of men's footwear, of which Joel Swope & Brother handle a stock not to be equaled by any firm in the West or East. A new and commodious electric elevator (the only one in the city) conveys ladies and children to a beautifully fitted-up, light, airy and spacious salesroom on the second floor, where a reception room, in white and gold makes a most attractive resting and meeting place for patrons, and adjoining which a telephone and toilet room complete the perfection of arrangement. This firm does a large country order business, priding itself upon its established reputation for reliability, and its strict rules as to promptness in filling orders. The stock is comprehensive and has been carefully selected, embracing first-class boots and shoes for all ages and sexes from the dainty kid ball slipper to stout shoes for men's and boys' wear. Indeed, this house carries a splendid stock of high grade slippers, Oxfords, ladies', misses' and children's footwear in all materials and colors, while its assortment of gentlemen's fine shoes is unsurpassed. A specialty is made of fine custom work for ladies and gentlemen, and the prices quoted for all goods are exceedingly moderate, handling as they do only the finestand most reliable goods.

ZIMMERMANN & BOGARD.

Prominently engaged in the the real estate, loan and insurance business in this city are Messrs. Zimmermann & Bogard, No. 2529 South Broadway, who are well established, and who have earned a well merited reputation for the conscientious and efficient manner with which they conduct all affairs intrusted to their charge. This business was established in 1879 by Mr. T. F. W. Zimmermann, and in 1886 Mr. John J. Bogard was admitted to partnership and the present firm name was assumed. They transact a general real estate business, buying, selling and exchanging all kinds of real property (making a specialty of South End property), and give personal attention to the collection of rents and the management of estates. Mortgages are negotiated and loans procured, etc, and all interests intrusted to these gentlemen are certain to be attended to in the most judicious and trustworthy manner. Mr. Zimmermann is a Justice of the Peace, having been four consecutive terms, and a Notary Public. He gives special attention to probate business, settlement of estates, drawing of wills, conveyancing, etc. He is a native of Germany and has resided in St. Louis since 1859. Mr. Bogard is a native of Holland and a resident of St. Louis since 1858. An excellent business is done in fire insurance, and Mr. Bogard represents the old and tried Glens Falls Insurance Company of Glens Falls, N. Y, and other prominent companies. The Glens Falls Company, which has had a successful career since 1849, shows by its forty-second annual statement that it had, in January, 1892, cash assets amounting to $1,980,713.37; a surplus as regards policy holders of $1,309,574.09; and a net surplus over all liabilities of $1,109,574.09. This shows an increase in cash assets for the year of $86,171.68; an increase in net surplus for the year of $50,814.41; an increase in re-insurance reserve for the year of $17,524.31; and the book value of stock, 654 per cent,; gain for the year, 25 per cent. There are a great many fire insurance companies, but only one. Both gentlemen are men of energy and large business capacity, shrewd and enterprising, and are highly regarded in the community for their integrity and upright character.

96

LAMBERT PHARMACAL CO.

No department of commercial enterprise in St. Louis is of more direct value and importance to the community at large than that in which the practical manufacturing chemist brings to bear his professional skill and experience. In this connection the attention of our readers is directed to the representative St. Louis concern, known as the Lambert Pharmacal Company, manufacturing chemists, whose laboratory and offices are centrally located at the northwest corner of Lucas place and Twenty-first street. This extensive and prosperous business was established in 1881, by Jordan W. Lambert, who conducted it till 1884, when it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with ample capital; its executive officers being Mr. J. D. Winn, president, and Mr. A. R. Deacon, secretary. They have had great experience in this line, and hold a very prominent position, while they possess the expert professional skill requisite for the preparation of their various highly indorsed chemical preparations. The officers have developed an extensive, influential and permanent patronage, not only with the wholesale drug trade and the public, but also indirectly with the medical profession, with which no house stands in better favor, owing to the purity, reliability, quality and general excellence of their different chemical specialties and preparations. They built, in 1891, their present palatial five-story brick structure, at a cost of $50,000, which is 45x110 feet in dimensions. Their laboratories, etc., are spacious and are fully equipped with such apparatus, machinery and appliances as are necessary or convenient for the accurate preparation of their various pharmaceutical preparations. The first floor is used for offices, etc., which are the handsomest in the city, the fireplace in the private office being one of the largest in the city of its kind, stone and brick. The second floor is used for bottling and packing, the third for the laboratories, the fourth for stock, while the basement is utilized for storage. The building is heated throughout with hot water and steam, is lighted by electricity, and the elevators are operated by electric power. Fifty persons are employed, and the trade of the company extends not only throughout the entire United States and Canada, but also to Mexico, Central and South America, the West Indies, Europe, India and Australia. Any preparation or chemical bearing the name and stamp of the Lambert Pharmacal Company, is accepted by the trade as a standard article, possessing all the qualities claimed for it by the company. A specialty is made of "Listerine," a powerful antiseptic preparation, highly esteemed by the medical and dental professions wherever introduced. Messrs. Winn & Deacon, the officers, are energetic and honorable business men, under whose guidance the future prospects of the Lambert Pharmacal Company are of the most favorable character. They have agencies in London, England, Paris, France, Barcelona, Spain and Toronto, Canada, at which latter city they manufacture goods for the Canadian trade.

TERRY, SCOTT

Of the houses that have been identified closely with the development of St. Louis on real estate lines, none are better know nor have a cleaner record than that of Terry, Scott & Co. This house was founded twelve years ago by the present members of the firm, and has had a successful career from its inception. A general real estate business is done under the personal direction of the gentlemen who compose the firm. Rents are collected, loans negotiated, insurance placed for clients, exchanges effected and estates managed for non-residents and others. Appraisements are made with accuracy on business, residence and suburban property, and everything pertaining to the business of real estate and financial agents is transacted with promptness and care. The offices occupied are on the ground floor of the four-story building No. 621 Chestnut street, and are large, complete, and admirably arranged. The trade of the house, while mostly local, is very extensive, and four persons are employed in addition to the services rendered by the firm members. The clientage is with the most substantial business men and residents of the city, and is one of the most desirable enjoyed by any house in the trade. The gentlemen at the head of this enterprise are known as being among the most substantial of St. Louis business men, and command the respect of patrons and business people generally. Mr. T. H. Terry is a native of New York state and came to St. Louis in 1865; he is an active Mason and well known in the leading financial circles. Mr. S. S. Scott is a native of Ohio, and has resided in St. Louis since 1866, and Mr. F. C. Sharp is a native of St. Louis, being an active and prominent attorney. The house is considered an authority on values and is one of the most reliable in the state.

97

A. F. SHAPLEIGH HARDWARE COMPANY.

St Louis has always been the great center of the wholesale hardware trade of the South and West. Her splendid transportation facilities by rail and water are unrivaled by any other city in America, and here has developed the most representative concern of the kind, viz.: the "A. F. Shapleigh Hardware Company," of which Mr. A. F. Shapleigh is the active and progressive head. This is the oldest wholesale hardware house in the city, having been founded by Messrs. Rogers, Field & Co., in 1843, succeeded in 1845 by the firm of Rogers, Shapleigh & Co. In 1846, the copartnership of Shapleigh, Day & Co. was formed, thus continuing until 1863, when the well-known style of A. F. Shapleigh & Co. was adopted, the house then doing a trade of enormous magnitude, with international connections and facilities far ahead of successful competition. Upon this basis of merit and efficiency, the concern has continued to grow. In 1880 the vast interests were duly incorporated under the title of the "A. F. Shapleigh & Cantwell Hardware Company," thus continuing until January 1, 1888, when the present style was adopted, and the paid-up capital fixed at the sum of $500,000. Mr. A. F. Shapleigh became president, his son, Mr. Frank Shapleigh, became vice-president; Mr. R. W. Shapleigh became second vice-president, Mr. Alfred Lee, treasurer, and Mr. A. L. Shapleigh, secretary. These gentlemen bring to bear special qualifications for the discharge of the onerous duties devolving upon them and have thoroughly organized what is unquestionably the most thoroughly representative wholesale hardware house in the United States to-day. Mr. Alfred Lee has been connected with the house for thirty-two years past, and is a recognized authority in the trade. Mr. A. F. Shapleigh has been actively identified with the house for forty-five years past and is the pioneer in the trade. The concern has had to repeatedly enlarge its facilities, and now occupies premises of a vast area. Their building at the northwest corner of Washington avenue and Fourth street is one of the architectural ornaments of the city, being a magnificent seven-story structure, besides this the company occupies five stories over the Boatmen's Bank, 123 feet by 150 in dimensions. Here is carried the largest and most comprehensive stock of hardware, tools, supplies, etc., to be found in the West. It requires an enormous catalogue to mention the various articles here dealt in. The stock embraces every description of staple hardware, with numerous specialties in builders' and cabinet hardware, cutlery, etc. The company are the proprietors of the justly celebrated "Diamond Edge" axes, hatchets, and other edge tools. They are agents for the Russell & Erwin Manufacturing Company's locks and bronze goods, the St. Louis agents for the Reading Hardware Company's japanned American bronzed and Geneva bronzed goods, also sole agents in the Southwest for the U. S. Oil and Gas Stove Company. They also handle the famous Centennial Refrigerators, and the products of all the leading manufacturers of hardware in Europe and America. An average force of 140 clerks, salesmen, packers and porters are employed in the house, while forty traveling salesmen are required upon the road. Quality has ever been the first consideration with this honorable corporation. Doing such an immense trade, with such large resources and influential connections at command, it offers substantial inducements to dealers nowhere else duplicated, and St. Louis is to be congratulated upon the possession of such a nationally representative mercantile establishment.

PERRIN & SMITH.

There is no single feature of a business house which so readily bespeaks the firm's standing as the quality of their office stationery and printing. St. Louis is singularly fortunate in having a number of first-class printing houses, and among the leaders is the well-known firm of Perrin & Smith, printers, lithographers and stationers, blank book manufacturers and publishers, at Nos. 206 to 212 Vine street. This excellent concern was originally established twenty-five years ago at Alton, Ill., where the members are still interested in the Sentinel-Democrat Printing Company, which does a general printing business in connection with the publication of the daily and weekly Sentinel Democrat. The officers of this company are Mr. J. J. Mclnerny, president; Mr. E. A. Smith, vice-president, and Mr. T. H. Perrin as secretary and treasurer. The St. Louis house was established fifteen years ago by Mr. T. H. Perrin and Mr. E. A. Smith. Ever since the organization of the firm, they have been favored with a very large trade and which, owing to their splendid work and their reasonable prices continue to increase rapidly. They do a general printing business, manufacture blank books of all kinds, publish standard works, do all kinds of commercial and job printing, bookbinding in its various branches, and carry a very full and complete line of stationery and office requisites. They occupy the two-story brick at the above numbers, 40x75 feet in size, and employ thirty skilled mechanics. They are supplied with electric power, and have a full complement of presses, machinery and appliances for printing, lithographing and doing all work in their line neatly and promptly. Mr. Perrin is a native of Alton, Ill., while Mr. Smith was born in England. Both are practical and experienced printers and business men.

THE LACLEDE NATIONAL BANK.

Financial panics, which have at different periods swept over the land, have touched St. Louis more lightly than other great centers, and she stands to-day in the front rank of the business cities of the continent. Her banks have won a high reputation for the judicious and able manner in which they have been managed, one of the most prominent in this respect being the Laclede National Bank, on the corner of Fourth and Olive streets This substantial organization was founded nearly twenty years ago as a private bank, by Messrs. Bartholow, Lewis & Co,, and in 1882 was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a capital of $500,000, which has since been increased to $1,000,000. From the first it enjoyed the confidence of the public at large, and during its long career has more than sustained its early reputation. In February, 1890, it was reorganized under the National Banking Laws, the present style was adopted, and it began a new era of usefulness under the most favorable auspices. Its executive is composed of Mr. S. E. Hoffman as president, Mr. John D. Perry as vice-president, Mr. James B. True, cashier, and a board of directors, whose standing is unquestionable among the great financiers and capitalists of the city. Its foreign correspondents are the National Bank of Commerce, New York, the National Bank of the Commonwealth, Boston, the National Bank of Illinois, Chicago, and the Union National Bank, Philadelphia. The building, which was erected specially for its accommodation, is one of the finest, in St. Louis, containing a spacious and elegantly fitted banking office on the first floor, with a most convenient and beautifully ornamented director's room in rear, the floors being tiled in a picturesque pattern, and the walls, ceiling and fittings being harmoniously finished in the highest style of the decorator's art. A general banking business is transacted, the accounts of banks, bankers, firms, corporations, private individuals, etc., being received upon favorable terms and collections being made at all points at the lowest rates. It utilizes the most modern systems which in any way tend to benefit or enhance financial transactions and extends to customers every possible facility and convenience consistent with safe banking. Mr. Hoffman is well known for his connection as president with the Valley National Bank, prior to 1885, when he was elected to his present honorable position. He is acknowledged to be one of our ablest financiers, and is interested in many important enterprises. Mr. Perry has been identified with the bank since its inception, and was formerly its president. Mr. True is an old and respected resident of St. Louis, and was formerly cashier of the Union Savings Bank. The present position of this institution is an enviable one, its total resources amounting to the enormous sum of $4,053,694.96, while its surplus and undivided profits reach to nearly $157,000. It holds a leading position among the solid and responsible banks of the United States, and fully merits the confidence of the community.

98

ST. LOUIS & MISSISSIPPI VALLEY TRANSPORTATION CO.

St. Louis stands proudly pre-eminent at the gateway of navigation to almost every section of the North, West, South and East. The magnificent river systems of the Mississippi, the Missouri and the Illinois, here unite and give to St. Louis the unmistakable advantage as regards transportation facilities over those of any other commercial center of the West. From her earliest records, St. Louis has held the supremacy as a river shipping point, and is now, more than ever, the popular favorite with shippers of grain in bulk and all descriptions of package freight. The leading concern in this line is the well-known "St. Louis & Mississippi Valley Transportation Company," which maintains a permanent and a sure and speedy line for the transportation of freight from this city to New Orleans. The "Mississippi Valley Transportation Company" was organized and incorporated in 1866, and achieved a great success, highly creditable to its management. It continued to do an annually enlarging business until 1881, when it was succeeded by the present company, which was organized upon a very strong basis, with a paid up capital of $2,000,000, and having the benefit of the widely experienced Mr. Henry C. Haarstick as president, Mr. William T. Haarstick becoming vice-president; Mr. Henry P. Wyman, secretary, and Mr. Austin R. Moore, treasurer. Under their able and watchful executive guidance, the company has won a great and deserved success. The company owns and has built specially for its service, twelve of the most powerful towboats to be found on the Mississippi, and for speed and record of successful trips have no equal. The company also owns about one hundred barges, eighty-five of which are decked and were built specially for the grain trade. These barges are of large capacity, are easily handled, and of good model, making up the best and handiest tows that are sent down the river. This company now owns and controls the old St. Louis & New Orleans Transportation Company, the American Transportation Company, and the Mound City Transportation Company. They employ in their service, directly and indirectly some 2,500 men on land and water, and carry from ten to twenty million bushels of wheat and corn to tide water in the course of the season. This line places St. Louis ahead of any Eastern line of transportation, as regards cheap freight tariffs for grain and package freight, and the prospects before the company are of the most favorable character. The company's offices are located at Main and Walnut streets, with Mr. J. P, Burdeau in charge, as freight agent, and one of the most popular business men in town. The company's wharfboat is conveniently located at the foot of Elm street. Mr. Henry C. Haarstick brings to bear special qualifications for the presidency. He was, from 1869, the vice-president and manager of the Mississippi Valley Transportation Company. He is a public spirited citizen and an active member of the Merchants' Exchange, of which he has been president, and has ever accorded a hearty support to all measures calculated to benefit the city. Mr. Wm. T. Haarstick, the vice-president, is also a prominent member of mercantile circles, while Messrs. Wyman and Moore are experienced officers, widely and favorably known, and the company's affairs are most capably and faithfully managed.

GEORGE'S EXCHANGE.

The most popular resort in St. Louis is what is known as "George's Exchange," at Olive and Third streets. This popular place was established thirty-two years ago by Mr. George C. Muller, whose conduct of the business was so popular that it soon became known as "George's Place." About sixteen years ago the present proprietor, Mr. Fred J. Halbruegger succeeded to the business, and the place has become more popular and more extensively patronized than ever. The location is one of the best in St. Louis; the resort is L-shaped, having dimensions on Third street 15x60 feet, and on Olive street 15x40 feet. Five hands are employed to attend the needs of customers, and everything possible has been done to make this a popular and neat resort. The interior finish is in hardwood, the furnishings being elegant and of refined pattern. No better stock of liquors is carried in St. Louis. The wines are largely imported direct, while the whiskeys are of the best selections of fine old Kentucky, ryes, bourbons, and extra special brands, making a specialty of Old Crow brands. The beer and cigars cannot be excelled anywhere. Mr. Halbruegger closes promptly at 8 P. M., and caters only to the finest trade. It is safe to say he has the most select patronage in St. Louis, consisting of merchants and brokers principally. He is a genial host and a most agreeable gentleman. He was born in Germany, and is a resident of St. Louis for the past forty-six years, having been in the liquor business twenty-five years. Mr. Wm. B. Halbruegger, his son, has general charge of the business when his father is away. He is a bright active young man of twenty years, and is well thought of by the patrons of the place. This exchange is noted for its apple toddies, using as they do about twelve barrels of apples during the winter months, and it is acknowledged to be the place of all others for an A1 apple toddy which these gentlemen know so well how to concoct. The whiskeys are obtained from the well-known firm of Gams & Co., of New York.

J. BOLLAND JEWELRY CO.

The astonishing increase in the population, wealth and refinement of St. Louis has caused an extensive demand for the best productions of the jeweler, and has increased the trade of the leading houses to an enormous degree. This prosperity is strikingly exhibited in the trade of the old established houses such as that of the J. Bolland Jewelry Co. of No. 8 S. Fourth street, who for years have catered to the wants of the best class of trade. The business was established as long ago as the year 1848 by Mr. J. Bolland, the style of J. Bolland & Sons being adopted in 1881, and on the lamented decease of the respected founder in December, 1890, the concern was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a capital of $50,000, the exact date being the first of January, 1891. The executive of the company is composed of the sons of the founder, Mr. J. F. Bolland being the president, Mr. R. B. Bolland vice-president, and Mr. M. B. Bolland, secretary and treasurer, all of whom are thoroughly experienced business, men who have been intimately identified with the line from early youth. The premises occupied consist of the ground; floor, 25x125 feet in dimensions, divided into a salesroom and shop, the latter being in the rear, and affording every facility for the advantageous display of the valuable stock, and for the delicate and interesting work pertaining to the industry. The store is one of the finest in the city, having highly finished dark wood fixtures, and plate glass windows and decorations that harmonize perfectly with the character of the apartment as a whole, while the shop is equipped with all the latest improved tools and appliances known to the trade, with electric power, and the whole is lit with electric light. An immense stock of the best foreign and domestic watches, clocks, etc., is carried, importations being made direct and most favorable relations being maintained with the leading manufacturers in all parts of the world, enabling the assortment to be kept at a high standard of merit, and the demands of the trade to be promptly and efficiently met. The leading specialty is engraving and diamond setting, and the trade in the finest watches and jewelry, the company being also agents for the popular "Lang" watches which contain all the modern improvements and embody features of special merit that are not to be found in any others. Steady employment is given to a force of eighteen skilled assistants in all departments, and the trade, which is of very large dimensions in the city, extends to the whole of the surrounding country. The management of this thoroughly representative house has from the very first been distinguished by ability and foresight, and reflects the highest credit upon its founder and his practical and enterprising; successors who deserve their success.

99

AMERICAN NUT LOCK CO.

In the manufacture of all kinds of railroad specialties and appliances, Americans are greatly ahead of other nations. In this connection, we desire to make special reference in this commercial review of St. Louis, to the representative and successful American Nut Lock Company, manufacturers and patentees of the American improved patent automatic nut lock, whose office and works in St. Louis are located at Nos. 211 to 217 Biddle street. This useful industry was established in 1886 by the Wiley Nut Lock Company. Eventually, in February, 1891, the present company was organized under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $20,000, its executive officers being Mr. J. A. Inslee, president; Mr. Jas. B. Wilde, vice-president; Mr. J. A. Harrison, secretary; and Mr. E. A. Johann, general agent. They occupy a spacious one-story brick building, 300x150 feet in area, fully equipped with special tools and machinery, operated by electric power. Here they employ twenty skilled workmen, and turn out 30,000 nut locks daily. These locks are made of the finest quality of crucible spring steel, oil-tempered, and each one is carefully tested before leaving the works. They are simple in construction, and cannot be put on wrong, and supply a long-felt want among railroads. This nut lock has been thoroughly tested upon a number of the most prominent railroads in the United States, and has never failed to give entire satisfaction. It is now being universally adopted, and it is claimed by roadmasters using it that it is the only really good nut lock in the market. Orders are promptly filled at very moderate prices, and the trade of the company now extends throughout the entire United States, Canada and Mexico. The following railroads are now using extensively the American nut lock, viz.: Wabash; Missouri Pacific; Illinois & St. Louis; St. Louis, Arkansas & Texas; Vandalia, Queen & Crescent System; Union Pacific; Ohio & Mississippi; Kansas City, Wyandotte & Northwestern; Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis; St. Joe Railway; Cleveland, St. Louis & Kansas City; Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton; Lake Erie, Alliance & Western; Cleveland & Canton; New York, Chicago & St. Louis; Columbus & Cincinnati Midland; Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo; Cincinnati, Lebanon & Northern; Cairo Short Line; Los Angelos, Pasadena & Glendale; Talladega & Coosa Valley; Pan-Handle System; Louisville, New Albany & Chicago; Chicago & Atlantic; Chicago & Western Indiana; Elgin, Joliet & Eastern; Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis; Jacksonville-Southeastern; Ohio & Northwestern; St. Louis & San Francisco; Fort Wayne, Cincinnati & Louisville; Cincinnati, Jackson & Mackinaw; Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific; Toledo & Ohio Central Extension; Denver Street R. R. Construction Co., Denver, Colo.; Indianapolis, Decatur & Western; Union Depot R. R. Co.; Iowa Central; Monterey & Mexican Gulf R. R.; Arkansas Midland R. R.; Mississippi River & Bonne Terre. The officers are able and honorable business and old railroad men, under whose guidance the future prospects of the company are of the most favorable character. Mr. J. A. Inslee, the president, was for many years assistant superintendent of the Wabash Railway, while Mr. J. B. Wilde, the vice-president, was previously general manager of the M. R. & B. T. Railway. F. A. Johann, the general agent, is a practical railroad man, having served for a number of years on different; roads. The company's agents in Philadelphia are Ralston & Henry, no Bullitt block. John W. Clarke is the company's agent in Chicago, his office being located at 470 Rookery building.

STANDARD FOUNDRY CO.

Among the flourishing and nationally representative manufacturing interests of St. Louis, is the Standard Foundry Co., which is the leading producer in the world, of high grade cast: iron pulleys, and has the most perfect facilities in the West for the prompt execution of all descriptions of brass and gun metal castings. The industry was founded by Mr. Alexander Kilpatrick in 1880, who early demonstrated his superior skill in and thorough knowledge of every detail of foundry work. In 1882 the important interests were duly organized as a joint stock corporation, under the existing style and title, with a paid-up capital of $75,000, Mr. Alexander Kilpatrick becoming president, while Mr. Frank J. Hunleth is secretary. The company has had to repeatedly enlarge its facilities, and its works now cover an area of 100x200 feet, fronting on Collins street, and extending through to Ashley street. The foundry and machine shops are splendidly equipped with the latest improved machinery and appliances, run by steam power, and including the finest outfit in the United States of pulley molding machines, which enables the company to produce pulleys of light or heavy design in any pattern, and of any size desired. The "Standard" cast pulleys have achieved an enviable reputation. They are of the utmost strength, yet very light, and not having any rivets to shake loose, are far superior to wrought rim pulleys. Other specialties are hangers, self-oiling; pillow blocks, couplings, etc., also, fire fronts for boilers and furnaces, in which line the company has the reputation of doing the most ornamental and durable work in the country. The foundry also turns out all descriptions of high-class architectural iron work, store fronts, shutters, jail, railing and vault work, fire escapes, balconies, etc., and has filled many of the most important contracts ever let in these lines in St. Louis. Mr. Kilpatrick has been actively engaged in the business for over thirty-five years past, and is a recognized authority therein. He is also at the head of the Standard Mineral Wool Co., who are manufacturing a mineral wool made of granite that is a perfect non conductor, affords complete protection from fire frost and vermin. Mr. Kilpatrick is an able, industrious and progressive manufacturer, who has achieved a great and richly deserved success in this important branch of skilled, industry.

100

CURTIS & CO. MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

One of the great established industries of St. Louis is that of the Curtis & Co. Manufacturing Company, which has recently enlarged its capital and removed to more extensive and splendidly equipped works, where it can cope with the growing demand for its saws, sawmills and sawmill machinery. The business was founded in 1854 by Messrs. Curtis & Company, who early developed an enviable reputation for the superiority of their product. In 1876 the important interests were duly incorporated under the existing title of the Curtis & Co. Manufacturing Company, with a paid-up capital of $50,000. Under its exceptionally able executive guidance, the company made rapid and substantial progress, and had to repeatedly enlarge its facilities. Eventually in 1891, it was reorganized with an increased capital of $150,000 and has just completed its removal (October, 1891) into larger and more desirable premises, comprising a two-story brick building 140x137 feet in dimensions, and extending from Washington avenue to Lucas avenue. On the opposite side of Lucas avenue has been erected by them a substantial and well-built boiler house and saw factory, rendering the works the most complete and satisfactorily arranged of any in the United States, of the kind: The office and ware rooms were formerly for upward of sixteen years at No. 817 and 819 N. Second street, and are now entirely removed into the new premises on Washington avenue. The saw works are temporarily at Ninth and Monroe streets until the new works are completed on Lucas avenue and Twenty-second street. The Lucas avenue shops will be very extensive, being a two-story brick structure, 150x150 feet in dimensions; they were planned specially to meet the company's advanced requirements, and are fitted up in the most admirable manner, with all the modern improvements in machinery and tools specially designed for the manufacture of the company's celebrated patent ground extra tempered saws. The machine shops are equally complete in equipment, and afford employment to some sixty hands, while fifty are kept busy in the saw works. An eighty horse power engine supplies the motive force for the machine shop, while a 100 H. P. engine is used in saw factory and a fifteen horse power engine for running the dynamos, supplying a brilliant electric light to the entire premises. The company's saws have achieved an international celebrity for extra temper, durability, easy running powers; they have no equal, and are much preferred by leading mill men everywhere. The company does a trade of enormous magnitude in saws alone, while its portable and stationary sawmills are directly adapted to meet every requirement of the lumberman, whether for a permanent or removable outfit, at prices which cannot be duplicated elsewhere. Among specialties are improved gang edgers and lumber trimmers' lathe and felloe machines, shingle machines and full lines of wood-working machine tools of guaranteed efficiency. This is direct headquarters for engines and boilers of guaranteed strength and efficiency; both portable and stationary; for purest oak leather belting, rubber belting and saw and planning mill supplies generally. Mr. I. G. W. Steedman, the respected president of the company, is a native of South Carolina and was elected in 1891 as successor to Mr. Oscar Bradford, and whose interest he acquired, as well as that of Mr. R. P. Johnson, who was vice-president. Mr. J. H. Steedman, son of the present president and a native of St. Louis, has been appointed the vice-president and is a widely and favorably known young business man, specially qualified to give excellent service. Mr. John Stuart has been the secretary of the company since 1878, and became connected with the concern in 1876. He is a faithful and experienced officer. President Steedman is an influential business man of soundest judgment, and his assuming the guidance of the company is alone an adequate guarantee of the maintenance of its honorable policy, th at it will ever be found in the lead — the great World's Representative of saws, mill machinery and supplies, and all those interested should send at once for the company's large and fully illustrated descriptive catalogue.

NASH-SMITH TEA AND COFFEE CO.

In no respect has St. Louis developed a greater degree of influence and progress than in that of the trade in teas, coffees, and spices, which is in every respect creditable to the great houses engaged. Among these none take higher rank than the Nash-Smith Tea and Coffee Co., importers and jobbers, whose fine premises are centrally located at Nos. 906 and 908, N. Third street, extending completely through the block to Collins street. This is an old established business, dating back to 1870, when the style was Nash, Smith & Espenschied, altered nine years later to Messrs. Nash, Smith & Co., and incorporated in 1888, under the laws of the state of Missouri, with a capital of $100,000. Mr. Geo. Nash occupies the position of president, Mr. M. E. Smith that of vice-president and treasurer, and Mr. Geo. A. Nash, a son of the respected head, that of secretary, all the officers being practical business men. They opened on the 1st of January, 1890, a branch at Nos. 1445 and 1447 Wazee street, Denver, Colo., the Messrs. Nash

101

taking immediate charge, the inception being accomplished under the most favorable auspices, and the rapid expansion of the trade giving the brightest prospects for the future. The house at Denver is stocked from top to bottom with the high class goods in which this firm deals, and has been equipped with grinding machines of the latest pattern, costing no less than $10,000. Mr. Smith, whose excellent management of the St. Louis establishment has been such a prominent factor in its success, now transacts a business whose annual value amounts to no less than $500,000. As importers of teas and coffees, no house is better prepared to quote the very lowest rates for the choicest growths. They carry fresh crop Oolongs, Japans, Gunpowder, Imperial Young Hyson, English breakfast, and other standard teas that are justly renowned for flavor and quality. The firm have a fully equipped coffee and spice mill, with coffee roasting department attached, and have become celebrated for the purity, strength, and flavor of their ground coffees and spices/ The roasters and grinders are worked by a fifty-horse power steam engine, and have a daily capacity of 125 bags. The customers of this influential and progressive house include the leading jobbers of the city. Mr. Nash, Sr., is an Englishman by birth, but came to St. Louis thirty-five years ago, his son having been born here. He is recognized as one of our leading business men, active, enterprising, and honorable. Mr. Smith was born in Ireland, and is also an old resident of this place, where he enjoys the warm esteem of a large class in both the commercial and social circles of the community. The telephone call is 2723.

GEO. G. FAIRHAM & BRO.

One of the most progressive and reliable concerns in this section of St. Louis, extensively engaged in the wholesale commission trade in fruits and vegetables, is that of Messrs. Geo. G. Fairham & Bro., whose salesrooms are located at Nos. 918 and 920 N. Third street. This flourishing business was established in 1880 by Mr. Geo. G. Fairham, who conducted it till 1885, when Mr. Isaac Fairham became a partner. They occupy a spacious double store, 36x82 feet in dimensions, fully fitted up with every convenience for the handling and preservation of supplies. No firm in the city has a fairer name for enterprise and ability, and their business throughout St. Louis and its vicinity is both influential and widespread. They employ ten men and three teams, and promptly fill orders for all kinds of fruits and vegetables in season, at the lowest ruling market prices, quality considered. Messrs. Geo. G. Fairham & Bro. handle the entire crop of Mr. A. Lavalle, the famous peach grower, whose peaches are the best in the world, surpassing in quality and flavor the finest ones from California. In fact, Missouri produces the choicest peaches in America, and already the firm have handled up to August in the present year 20,000 bushels. They also deal extensively in grapes, strawberries, onions, potatoes, cabbage, sauerkraut, etc., in which they offer substantial inducements to jobbers and retailers. Only the finest fruits and vegetables are handled, which are received direct from the best producing sections of the country. Liberal advances are made when required on consignments of first-class fruits and vegetables, while prompt sales and immediate returns are guaranteed. Both Messrs. Geo. G. and Isaac Fairham have resided in St. Louis since boyhood, where they are highly esteemed in trade circles for their promptness in meeting their engagements, and sterling integrity. They refer, by permission, as to their financial standing, to the Continental Bank, and their telephone call is 2721. They are popular members of the Merchants' Exchange, and are also members of the St. Louis driving club. This house is noted as being the first to offer anything new in the way of fruits, vegetables, etc., that comes to this market. Celery is handled by this firm in very large quantities, and can be obtained at this house all the year round — in fact, they are noted for having rare fruits and vegetables at all times, thus making them a desirable emporium.

TEICHMANN COMMISSION CO.

St. Louis is the geographical center of the most fertile crop-growing region in the United States, and as a consequence her business in this fundamental line is of mammoth proportions. Her trade is not only local and confined to this country but is transacted directly with all parts of the world. The energy and push of her old established commission houses have to a great extent brought about this result, among whom the Teichmann Commission Co., established as long ago as 1857, has been one of the most influential. Teichmann & Co. was the style until 1882, when a corporate body was formed with ample capital, and a permanent connection that under wise and liberal management has been greatly enlarged, both as regards influence and extent. Mr. Chas. H. Teichmann, the president, is one of the oldest and best known commission men in the line of grain and flour in the Southwest, having been connected with the industry since 1852, when he joined the firm of Angelrodt & Co., leaving them to found his present house. He was one of the first members of the St. Louis Merchants' Exchange, and has held many high positions upon its executive. He was for eleven years president of the United States Saving Institution, and also served for some time as a director of the Jefferson Insurance Co. What marvelous changes and stirring events are covered by the commercial history of this prominent gentleman. The prosperous period of the decade before the war, the destructive effect of the early part of that great struggle, the rapid resumption of trade on its conclusion, the construction of the world-renowned bridge across the Mississippi, the development of the railroads, and the introduction of iron and steel into building operations, and electricity into almost every walk of life; these and many other notable events and radical departures are embraced within the period of Mr. Teichmann's business career. During this time he has steadily transacted an increasing trade as a general commission merchant, making a specialty of flour and grain, gaining the entire confidence of all by his adhesion to the soundest principles of honorable dealing, and securing a consignment patronage that covers all the states, both far and near. His son, Mr. O. L. Teichmann, is the secretary and treasurer, and Mr. Adolph Bang ably fills the position of vice-president. The premises utilized consist of a substantial four-story and basement building, at No. 25 S. Main street, 25x140 feet in dimensions, admirably adapted for the necessities of the work, and provided with an elevator for the rapid handling of stock. The most favorable relations are maintained with producers in all the best sections of the country, and rapid sales at the prevailing market prices and prompt and accurate returns characterize the operations of this well known and reliable house in these fundamental branches of industrial activity The business transacted has steadily increased from year to year, until its annual value has now reached the enormous total of $2,000,000 The importance of this flourishing establishment in promoting by its well directed operations the activity of trade and in assisting to secure for this city its proper place as the commercial metropolis of a vast and rapidly developing section of country, can hardly be overestimated. This influence has been most marked in the lines to which the energies of the company have been directed, namely, flour and grain, the unrivalled natural facilities for trade and exportation to foreign countries enjoyed by St. Louis being made the most of by her leading commission houses, who have been quick to appreciate her central position and the great advantage of holding the key to the most important system of waterways on this continent. The effects of these efforts are now being felt in the sound and rapid development which distinguishes all branches of industrial activity and which will undoubtedly continue until trade, which has been temporarily diverted into other cha nnels, returns to its natural outlet and St. Louis becomes the central commercial metropolis of the finest agricultural region on the globe, a position for which she was naturally destined.

102

CONSOLIDATED FIREWORKS COMPANY OF AMERICA.

Of all the many brilliant displays which are intended to delight the eye and please the taste of the public, perhaps none can equal those of the pyrotechnist. The impressive surroundings, the vivid effects, and the extreme beauty of the pieces are eminently calculated to arouse the enthusiasm and excite the wonder of the admiring throng in a way hardly equaled by any other pageant. Especially is this the case when the exhibits are the productions of the great Consolidated Fireworks Company of America, whose St. Louis house is located at No. 417 Washington avenue, Mr. A. W. Losee being the general manager here. This company are manufacturers of "Unxld" fireworks, New York and St. Louis, "Palmer's fireworks of Rochester, N. Y., of "Diehls," Cincinnati, O., of the "Garden City" fireworks, Chicago, "Bonds IXL" fireworks, Baltimore, and the "Aetna" fireworks, of Boston. In 1890 the great interests involved in these varied concerns were incorporated under the laws of the State of New York, the present style being adopted. This company by its absorption of the finest pyrotechnists in the country, has enormously increased its facilities and has assumed a truly national character. Their corps of chemists, pyrotechnists, artists and skilled artisans, in all the required departments, drawn from all parts of the civilized world, is the largest and most expert. The company possesses rights and connections, both domestic and foreign, to which no others can pretend. It controls patents which embody the very highest and most elaborate productions of scientific genius, and it is able to undertake the execution of displays on a scale hitherto undreamt of in any part of the world. It is the only company who import and control the celebrated Hirayama Japanese daylight and night fireworks and other Chinese and Japanese pyrotechnic productions. This of itself places it upon an advantageous footing and enables it to produce effects and to offer pieces to the American public that have hitherto been confined exclusively to foreign countries. Another feature of the Consolidated Fireworks Company of America is, that while importing and exporting on an immense scale, they manufacture their own goods throughout the entire year, and not as many others, during a short period prior to the Fourth of July. The trade of this cosmopolitan firm is so widespread that they supply the demands of Canada for the Twenty-fourth of May, and the Southern requirements for Christmas, the holiday and festival trade in South America, in addition to those for our great national birthday, as well as those for special events and celebrations, for which their services are called into constant requisition. The St. Louis house was opened in 1883 and began business in a small way on Pine street. With the increase of trade larger premises were secured on Locust street, and in January, 1891, it was found necessary to take possession of their present splendid five-story stone building, with basement, giving a floor space of nearly 18,000 square feet and fully equipped with, elevators and all appurtenances of a modern and model business structure. Even this us now proving too small, and very shortly increased provision will have to be made. It would be impossible within the limits of this sketch to convey even a faint idea of either the extensive and varied character of their exhibitions, or the gorgeous effects produced by their unique combinations. We can only refer all desirous of securing the best to place themselves in communication with the company, or with Mr. Losee, who will gladly supply their magnificent illustrated catalogue on application, and afford all necessary information or advice. These are the headquarters for all kinds of celebration, decoration and political goods.

GUTHRIE MANUFACTURING CO.

There are no forms of food products, if properly prepared from wholesome, pure and fresh ingredients, of more value or more highly appreciated than preserved fruits, jellies, etc. They are delicacies that appeal to the appetite and tastes of the public at large, and the demand for them is steadily increasing in all parts of the United States. In this connection we desire to make special mention of the representative concern, the Guthrie Manufacturing Company, 115-121 Spruce street. This business was established a number of years ago by Oscar B. Guthrie, its present proprietor, who was born in the state, and a resident of St. Louis for over thirty years, and has had a long experience and has acquired an intimate knowledge of the needs and requirements of jobbers, dealers and the general public. The company occupies a spacious three-story and basement brick building, 60x100 feet in dimensions. The various departments of the factory are fully equipped with modern appliances and apparatus, operated by steam power, while absolute cleanliness in all operations is strictly enforced. Here thirty skilled hands are employed, who manufacture largely fine preserved fruits, jellies, fruit butters, syrups and minced meats. All goods of the Guthrie Manufacturing Company are made of the finest and best materials and freshest fruits, etc., their trademark being highly appreciated owing to the quality and superiority of their productions, which are general favorites wherever introduced. Mr. Guthrie promptly fills orders at the lowest possible prices, and there is no necessity for buyers to order from other cities, as the company's goods challenge competition with anything in the market. The trade of the company extends throughout the South and Southwest. Mr. Guthrie is an honorable business man, with whom it is always a pleasure to deal.

104

A. BOOTH PACKING CO.

The "A. Booth Packing Company" stands out prominently in the foreground of the world's packers of oysters, fruits, etc., and has now an international reputation in all branches of the trade. The company's principal packing houses are in Baltimore, Md., and cover a wide area of ground. The industry was established in 1850 by Mr. A. Booth, whose energy and marked abilities early developed a nourishing industry. The works had to be repeatedly enlarged, and eventually the important interests were incorporated under the existing style and title, with a capital of $1,000,000. While the general packing houses are situated in Baltimore, the company has most extensive salmon canneries at Astoria, Ore., and employs several thousand hands during the busy season in its various departments. The St. Louis branch house was established in 1878, with Mr. F. J. Krebs as local manager, Mr. J. Reed being the company's general manager for its various branches. He is noted for marked executive abilities and sound judgment, and has thoroughly organized the company's trade all over the United States. The establishment here is most centrally located, at No. 316 Chestnut street, and here is carried the leading stock of canned goods in St. Louis and the Southwest. Mr. Krebs receives heavy shipments of canned oysters and fruits, salmon, etc., every week. He has developed not only the principal city trade in his line, but covers a wide area of territory, both South and West. He has most creditably advanced the company's interests in this section. The A. Booth Packing Company is the biggest concern of the kind in the world, and has the enviable distinction of producing the best canned goods in the market, its exhibits of goods winning the highest medals in awards in England, France, Germany, and the United States. "The A. Booth's Oval Brand" is familiar everywhere, and Mr. Krebs merits the highest credit for the way he has in St. Louis developed one of the company's most flourishing and important branches.

B. F. MYERS' TAILORING CO.

One of the leading representative concerns of its kind in St. Louis is the B. F. Myers' Tailoring Company, whose neatly fitted up establishment is at 615 Pine street. This enterprise was originally established five years ago as the Myers & Wengler Tailoring Establishment, subsequently incorporated as the Myers-Suhre Tailoring Company, and recently the present name and style was adopted, with B. F. Myers president, and W. Z. McCormick secretary-treasurer. The premises occupied: have a front of forty with a depth of ninety feet, all the surroundings being in keeping with the character of the business. A superior assortment of the finest goods, imported direct from Europe and from home production, is displayed upon the counters, and no one, not even the most exacting and critical, need find any difficulty in obtaining just what they may want in suitings, trouserings, overcoatings, etc. The patronage of this concern has always been large and is steadily growing, which fact bespeaks in the strongest terms the public appreciation of the skill and ability of Mr. Myers, whose splendid workmanship and superior artistic tailoring have given him a wide reputation. Fine custom work is a specialty, and from, fifteen to thirty experienced tailors are kept constantly employed. Moderation in prices is a feature of this establishment, and the high personal character of Mr. Myers is a sufficient assurance of the reliable manner in which all orders are filled. New goods are received and the latest fashions introduced as soon as brought out each season. A study is made of each figure and any natural defects are carefully corrected in a manner which evokes the warmest encomiums and; delights even the most fastidious. The high reputation, which has been justly merited by the superiority of their work, has attracted the permanent custom of the fashionable citizens and of many who periodically visit this center. Both officers are able business men, under whose management the operations of the company are assuming extended proportions, and steadily increasing in magnitude and importance. They earnestly devote their attention to the education of the people to higher tastes in the matter of dress, and by ever maintaining a standard of excellence which has never been exceeded in St. Louis, are doing good work in their important line, and taking a long, lead among the most fashionable exponents of the art. We heartily endorse the opinion of the leading men of this city concerning the efficient manner in which this house is catering; to the wants of the best class of trade.

105

NATIONAL BANK OF COMMERCE.

Among the most substantial and responsible financial corporations of the city of St. Louis, to which business men can always look with confidence, is the National Bank of Commerce, whose banking rooms are eligibly located. This is the wealthiest and strongest bank in the Southwest, and now has a paid-up capital of $3,000,000, which has been further augmented by a surplus and undivided profits of $654,335.45. It was originally organized under the laws of Missouri, February 14, 1857, as the St. Louis Building & Savings Association, with a paid-up capital of $200,000, which in 1864 was increased to $300,000. In 1866 the dividends paid out had exceeded the entire amount paid in as capital stock. Eventually, January 1, 1869, it was reorganized as the Bank of Commerce, with a capital of $300,000, which was afterwards increased to $500,000, its surplus, moreover, accumulating steadily until 1889, when it amounted to the splendid sum of $1,539,785.75. On January 1 the bank was again reorganized under the national banking laws, as the "National Bank of Commerce," and now has the largest paid-up capital in the Southwest. The dividends of this bank during the past thirty-five years have averaged eleven per cent. By its sound and liberal management it has largely aided the development of the mercantile and manufacturing interests of St. Louis in the past and the growth of the bank has only been commensurate with the energy, liberality and progressive spirit of its management. A valuable and increasing list of patrons is drawn to its counters, the skill of the management and the high standing of its officers and directors giving every guarantee of the intelligent conservation of all interests committed to their care It is a bank of issue and deposit, discounts approved commercial paper, negotiates loans, makes collections on all available points in the United States, Canada and Europe and engages in all transactions that come legitimately under the head of banking. Its officials are noted for their courtesy and promptness in the dispatch of business, thoroughly accommodating to patrons and very popular with all who are brought into business relations with them. The investments of this bank are made with care and judgment, while its ventures of capital are always amply secured. The following gentlemen, who are influential and prominent in financial and commercial circles, and noted for their integrity; and ability, are the officers: W. H. Thompson, president, Nathan Cole, vice-president; J. C. Van Blarcom, cashier; John Whittaker, second vice-president. Mr. W. H. Thompson has been president since 1883, and was previously thirteen years a director of the bank. He was born in Pennsylvania and came to St. Louis when twenty-three years old, and first embarked in the plumbing business. Eventually he went into the manufacture of lead pipe and white lead, and is largely interested in the St. Louis Gaslight Co., and St. Louis Smelting and Refining Company. He is also identified with several other leading industries, and when the Provident Savings Bank was closed, in consequence of the flight and defalcations of the cashier Mr. Thompson was selected as receiver and wound up the affairs of that institution. Mr. Nathan Cole has been vice-president since 1877, and previous to that was a director for fourteen years. He is the oldest officer in the bank. Mr. Van Blarcom, the cashier, was born in Paterson, N. J., and came to St. Louis in 1866. He was first employed in the wholesale saddlery house of Peterson, Hanthorn & Co., and in 1869 entered this bank as head book-keeper and accountant, and in January, 1877, was elected cashier to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Charles Enslin. The bank owns the building and occupies the ground floor for offices, which are elegantly fitted up and furnished with every convenience. The statement rendered September 25, 1891, shows the affairs of the bank to be in a most substantial and flourishing conditio n. The principal correspondents of the bank are National Bank of Commerce, New York; Bank of Montreal and Continental National Bank, Chicago; Central National Bank, Philadelphia, and National Revere Bank, Boston, and collections are made on all parts of the world.

UHLEMEYER & CO.

A reliable and representative business establishment in this section of the city is that of Messrs. Uhlemeyer & Company, dealers in hardware, cutlery, window glass, putty, tools, paints, oils, etc., sewer pipe, cement and pumps, at No. 4508 N. Twentieth street. It is among the leading houses in its line, and its operations have ever been conducted on the strictest lines of business rectitude and honesty. This prosperous concern was founded in 1888 by Messrs. H. A. Uhlemeyer and F. W. Hagemeyer, both prominent and widely known business men, and its management has since been in the hands of Mr. W. H. Uhlemeyer, son of the senior member of the firm. Mr. Uhlemeyer, the father, is engaged in the commission business at the Stock Yards, while Mr. Hagemeyer is connected with the Mechanics' Planing Mill. Mr. Uhlemyer, the manager, although a young man, brings to bear a thorough knowledge of the business in all its branches, and under his energetic and able direction, a large and rapidly growing trade has been built up. The premises occupied are in a very desirable location, and are well adapted for the purposes of the business. The salesroom has an area of 20x50 feet, while a two-story building at the rear, 14x20 feet in dimensions affords excellent warehousing facilities. A very large stock is always on hand, the comprehensive assortment embracing builders' and house hardware of all kinds, mechanics' tools, in great variety, steel, iron, nails, rivets, screws, etc., best table and pocket cutlery, plated ware, shelf goods, kitchen utensils and household specialties; also garden tools, rubber-hose, cordage twine, woodenware, wire, window glass, putty, oils, paints, dry and ready mixed, sewer pipe, cement, pumps, etc., etc. These wares are obtained at first-hand from the leading manufacturers and jobbers in the country, and are sold at prices with which few other houses can compete. Two assistants are employed and orders are promptly and carefully filled. The house is in all respects a thoroughly responsible one, and relations entered into with it are sure to prove pleasant and profitable. They are always ready to furnish estimates for new buildings or for repair work, and can always be depended on in their representations, and are counted among St. Louis's reputable business men.

JAMES M. CARPENTER & CO.

The condition of the real estate market may justly be considered as a thermometer of the real soundness and stability of business affairs throughout the land, especially in our larger cities. In the city of St. Louis the impetus received from, local and suburban improvements is conspicuously apparent ill the larger number of business men, who are seeking investments in eligible property. Among the reliable real estate agencies that are actively engaged in supplying this demand is that of Messrs. James M. Carpenter & Co., whose office is located at 108 N. Eighth street. This business was established in 1851. The copartners, Messrs. James M. Carpenter and J. R. Laughlin, have had long experience, and are absolute authorities on the present and prospective values of business and residential property in all sections of the city and its vicinity. They conduct a general business as real estate and financial agents, buying, selling, exchanging, leasing and letting properties of all kinds, negotiating loans on bond and mortgage, collecting rents, and also taking entire charge of estates. They are always reasonable and just in their charges, and perform all commissions in a faithful and efficient manner. The firm safely loans and invests money, and also effects insurance in first-class companies. Mr. Carpenter was born in Kentucky, but has resided in St. Louis for the past forty years, while Mr. Laughlin is a native of Indiana. They are honorable and able business men, who have built up a liberal and influential patronage, numbering among their permanent patrons many wealthy capitalists and property owners, both resident and non-resident, assuming full control of such estates, being very large real estate owners and one of the strongest firms in the city.

106

THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

The invention of the sewing machine was one of the most important of any that have been made in modern times, not only doing away with much laborious household work, but completely revolutionizing such industries as those of the tailor and shoemaker, and enabling the work to be performed in the most effective manner, and in the shortest possible time. Among the numerous machines now upon the market none display a greater adaptability for every variety of work, or present more artistic features as articles of furniture, than the "New Home Sewing Machines." which have become immensely popular throughout the whole country among the most desirable classes of people. This machine is manufactured in Orange, Mass., where the company was established twenty years ago, and so great has the Southwestern trade become that in 1884 a branch was opened in this city, from which that progressive section is now supplied. The premises occupied consist of an entire three-story building, with basement, 25x125 feet in dimensions, where every facility for the active prosecution of the business is to be found. The two lower floors are used for storage and shipping, the upper floor for general offices, while the retail salesrooms and shops under the efficient management of Mr. W. M. Kinkle, are located at 1012 Olive street, a building 21x100 feet, where they have the most elegant machine parlors in the city. A staff of twenty-five employes is required in the several departments and ten traveling salesmen are kept continually upon the road in every part of the vast country covered by the St. Louis trade. The "New Home" machines present unrivaled features and advantages for the housewife that are not to be found in any other. One of the chief of these is the ease with which they are operated, all unnecessary attachments and gearing having been done away with, and the parts being so constructed that the maximum of speed is obtained with the minimum of weight and driving power. In the thorough process of evolution which this article has gone through, the aim has been to do away with all mechanism that is difficult either to understand or to operate and adjust, the consequence being that any person with ordinary intelligence can do all kinds of work without those vexatious delays which, though often due to the ignorance or incapacity of the operator, so frequently cause the hasty and unjust condemnation of modern machines in general. Any one familiar with the practical side of the subject will appreciate the necessity for the simplicity of all parts for which this new appliance is noted. Many improvements have also been introduced that tend to secure accurate work, such as the self-setting needle, the automatic tension, the loose balance wheel, enabling the bobbin to be wound without running the machine or removing the work, the stitch regulating scale, the double-feed working on both sides of the needle, the self-acting "take-up" permitting the use of all grades and varieties of thread, the open-end cylinder shuttle, the simplest in existence, and many others that will at once strike the experienced operator as of the utmost value in conducing to thorough work with the least trouble and delay. The "New Home" is provided with center and side drawers and cover, and forms an artistic piece of furniture fit for the best apartment in the house. Various styles are turned out, including the drop cabinet, which is automatic and ready for use at any time, being firmly locked and in place as soon as opened. Mr. Carpenter, the affable head of the St. Louis branch, has resided here for six years and is an experienced and capable manager, having for fifteen years held a similar position for the Singer Manufacturing Company in Tennessee. This sewing machine is without a rival for family use and represents the highest attainment yet reached in the perfecting of these indispensable household necessities.

ANHEUSER-BUSCH BREWING ASSOCIATION.

Of all the various commercial and manufacturing enterprises that have combined to make St. Louis a great business center, none are of more importance than the brewing interests, of which the celebrated Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association is the acknowledged representative. The history of this concern, the largest and most important in America, is full of interest, and marks an important period in the history of the trade of this city. The concern was established in 1852 by the Bavarian Brewing Company, which was superseded by Mr. Eberhardt Anheuser in 1853. Mr. Anheuser came to this country from Prussia in 1842, and he continued the business alone until 1865, when Mr. Adolphus Busch was admitted to the firm, which style was then changed to Anheuser & Co. In 1875 the present association was formed. At that time the product of the brewery was 26,299 barrels; in 1880 it had increased to 131,053 barrels; in 1885, to 314,286 barrels; in 1888, to 510,313 barrels, and in the year ending June 1st, 1890, the output had reached the enormous quantity of 650,000 barrels. In 1880 Mr. E. Anheuser, the founder, died, and since then the following gentlemen have held the offices attached to their names: President, Adolphus Busch; treasurer and secretary, Eugene Muehlemann. Their progressiveness has enabled them to control the largest business in the manufacture of a popular beverage in America. Figures but feebly express the greatness of the business of this association, for the trade is not confined to this country, but extends throughout Canada, British Columbia, the West Indies, South America, Australia, the Hawaiian Islands, Europe, and even

107

India. Their special brands of export beer are shipped to foreign countries in bottles. Mr. Adolphus Busch has adopted the Pasteurizing process of bottling, and of these bottled goods alone the association has a shipping capacity of one hundred million bottles annually. The capacity of this concern is over 1,800,000 barrels of beer annually, and 2,200 men are engaged in the various departments and agencies. The barley used here in a single year is equal to that raised on 150,000 acres, while that of hops is over 2,000 acres. Over 500,000 barrels and boxes are required for shipment, and these cost over $200,000 alone, while the car shipments to the various agencies in this country are nearly 20,000 carloads. The bulk or keg beer is shipped in refrigerator cars. They have a line of 1,200 cars, owned by themselves. The beer shipped in these cars is kept at a temperature of forty degrees. The special brews of this Association are known the world over, and have received the highest awards wherever exhibited, notably at the following exhibitions, where the gold medal awards were had: The Centennial, at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1876; the Paris Exhibition of 1878; Amsterdam, 1883; New Orleans, 1885, and numerous others. Their special brews of beer are the Anheuser-Busch "Standard," "Pale Lager," "Pilsener" or "Exquisite" (white label), "Faust" beer; also the well-known and popular "Liebotschauer," "Erlanger," and the unexcelled "Budweiser." These, like all superior articles, have been extensively counterfeited by unscrupulous brewers, against whom consumers are cautioned, for the superior beverages of this association are made only from the best materials. The plant covers over twenty acres of ground, and consists of storehouses, brew houses, offices, boiler houses, ice machine and refrigerator houses, washhouse, malthouse, elevators, bottling houses, stables, cooper shops, and shipping and packing departments. All of the buildings are connected by railway tracks. Over 1,000,000,000 gallons of water are used at this brewery annually, or one-thirteenth of the entire water consumption of the city of St. Louis. The boilers number sixteen, being divided into eight batteries of two boilers each, with a combined horse-power of 4,000 horsepower, and using over 1,500 carloads of coal annually. This plant includes also the largest ice machine in the world. It has a capacity of 500 tons of ice per day. The new storage house, recently erected, holds 60,000 barrels of beer, giving a total storage capacity of 300,000 barrels. The new brew house is nearly finished, and will give the plant a total capacity of 1,800,000 barrels per annum. Besides having 1,200 refrigerator cars for the shipping of beer, the association owns extensive ice houses in all sections of the South. The company has agencies, with beautiful buildings, in a number of the leading cities of the country, notably Washington, D. C. San Antonio, Tex., Omaha, Neb., Denver, Dallas, Kansas City, Fort Worth and San Francisco. All necessary blacksmithing, wagon making, repairing, box making, cooperage and cork making is done on the premises. The corks are all stamped with the trademark of the association, and the bottles are made at their own glass works, located at Belleville and Streator, Ill., and St. Louis, Mo. Over 100,000,000 bottles are manufactured annually in these establishments. These glass works are equipped with all the latest improvements in glassmaking machinery, the one in St. Louis having a patent self-feeding furnace, the patent, being controlled by Mr. Busch. The glass factories alone employ 800 workmen, and more money is paid out to employees by this association than by any other concern in the city. The buildings of this mammoth brewery are all of elegant design. They are constructed of brick, and are fireproof. Taken as a whole, they present the appearance of a good-sized village. Altogether, this is the most extensive and most complete concern of its kind in the world. Mr. Busch, the president, is everywhere known a s a gentleman of ability and progressive ideas, and is always on the alert for improvements that will increase the effectiveness of this, the most complete and most perfect brewery in the known world, and up to the present time no improvement has been made but that he has had investigated and if worthy he has had it added to the working of the establishment.

WILLIAMSON CORSET AND BRACE CO.

To Madam Williamson, the inventor of the corset that bears her name,, the citizens of St. Louis, as well as strangers who visit oar grand exposition, are indebted for a sight never before attempted at any exposition either in this country or in Europe. Before mentioning particulars of this most interesting display we give a short history of the conception and progress of the firm. Madam Williamson has been for many years a resident of St. Louis, eighteen or nineteen years actively engaged in business in her individual capacity, seven or eight of those years officiating as president of the Williamson Corset & Brace Co., a company which manufacturers a corset and brace of her invention, as the title of the company indicates. This company has been a great success. Commencing with a few assistants, she had to educate an ever increasing staff of workers to keep pace with an ever increasing trade, the range of sale spreading, not gradually but in bounds, from state to state, from town to town; in fact we have evidence that there is not a county in any state or territory in the Union but has got its agent for the sale of these goods. We have also seen what leads us to believe that there is not a town in the Union in which this remarkable corset is not worn. When we tell our readers that the Williamson Corset & Brace Co., inclusive of agents, employ an aggregate of between 5,000 and 6,000 "bread winners;" that they can manufacture over two hundred dozen of corsets per day; that their large floors full of sewing machines are driven by electric power; they may form some idea of the importance of this branch of a St. Louis industry. Men, women and girls are employed by this firm, and in the words of their manager, Eugene E. Consedine, "they are one and all a credit to the city." The Williamson company have in the exposition a model factory. Some fifteen or twenty sewing machines are there hard at work, in charge of as many attractive and most industrious young ladies. Besides the sewing machines, there are embroidering machines, binding machines, cording machines, buttonhole machines, etc., all worked with skilled precision by fair operatives, and there are also girls putting bones into corsets, others lacing and trimming corsets, etc., in fact every process necessary for the completion of a corset, can be seen there. We give our readers, whether residents of St. Louis or transient visitors to our exposition, a hint worth remembering. It is this: After you have witnessed the Williamson model factory at the exposition, go to their city address, 18 S. Sixth street, St. Louis, and see their immense factory, their immense stock, their wonderful works is a sight worth seeing.

108

FORBES, BROTHER & CO.

The representative, most reliable and one of the oldest established houses west of the Mississippi extensively engaged in the importation and sale of teas and coffees is that of Messrs. Forbes, Brother & Co., whose offices are located at No. 506, 509 and 511 N. Second street. In addition to the enormous business transacted annually by this firm in the importation and sale of teas, they have recently enlarged the scope of their operations by the establishment of the Inter-State coffee and spice mills at No. 509 and 511 N; Second street, which at a great expense has been equipped with the latest and most improved machinery and inventions for roasting and grinding coffees, and the manufacture of ground spices, baking powders, extracts, etc., under their own brands, and the plant as a whole is excelled by none other in point of character and completeness. This extensive and flourishing business was established in 1867 by Messrs. A. P. and M. S. Forbes, whose trade now extends throughout the entire United States. They bring to bear on their business a wide range of practical experience, coupled with an accurate knowledge of the needs and requirements of the trade, while their influential connections in China, Japan, South America and the West Indies, enable them to furnish the market with teas and coffees of every grade and growth, in quantities to suit, at terms and prices very difficult to be duplicated elsewhere in this country. They occupy as a warehouse a spacious and substantial four-story and basement brick building 30x125 feet in area at No. 506 N. Second street, and their coffee and spice mills at No. 509 and 511 N. Second street, occupy a four-story brick building each fully supplied with every convenience for the accommodation and preservation of the immense, carefully selected, and valuable stock. The assortment includes one hundred and fifty grades of teas from China, Japan and the East Indies, embracing new season fresh crops Oolongs, English Breakfast, Japan, Young Hyson, Old Hyson, Gunpowder, Imperial, Pekoe Souchong, and the largest variety of fresh and roasted coffees, and all grades of whole and ground spices. Only really reliable and pure teas and coffees are handled, and the prices quoted are always regulated by the market. It is a matter worthy of note that this concern, by reason of large purchases during the recent decline in the coffee market placed themselves in a position whereby they can not be undersold by any competitor. They import direct, and also carry an immense stock of teas in New York city warehouses, and through their brokers sell entire lines to the New York and New England trade. Many teas are now brought into the United States, and sold at auction at moderate prices, which are of a very inferior grade, and thus the advantages of buying of reliable and expert judges like Messrs. Forbes, Brother & Co. can be readily seen and appreciated. They promptly fill orders and furnish samples, while they fully warrant all their teas, coffees and spices to be exactly as represented. Messrs. A. P. and M. S. Forbes are natives of the West, and have resided for over thirty years in St. Louis, where they are highly esteemed in business circles for their integrity, promptness and enterprise. They are prominent members of the Board of Trade, and their sales for the past years were over $2,000,000. In their warehouse fifteen clerks, assistants, etc., are employed, and twenty traveling salesmen represent the firm's interests on the road.

THE CHANDLER FLORAL CO.

Among the florists in this city there are probably none who display better taste and judgment in the arrangement of floral designs than the Chandler Floral Co., successors to Rieman & Chandler, whose store is centrally located at No. 717 Olive street, one block from the post office. These gentlemen have had quite an extended experience in their business, and since 1885 has been established in their present location. They cater to the best classes of the community, and among their permanent patrons are many of the leading families. A large and complete assortment of fresh New York roses and finest cut flowers are always kept on sale. Handsome floral designs are made to order for weddings, dinners, parties, and all festive occasions, and crosses, columns, pillows, etc., for funeral purposes. They are constantly introducing new floral designs and novelties in cut flowers, and as prices are reasonable they are doing; a thriving business. Mr. H. W. Chandler, Jr., the president, is a young man, but well known, and through his personal acquaintance has greatly increased the business. The company employ men who are thorough artists in their line, and it should be said to their credit that the splendid floral work they execute is not surpassed for originality or beauty of design by any other florists in the city. Orders always receive immediate attention, and are filled and delivered at the time specified. Telephone call 472. The Chandler Floral Company maintains a branch store in the West end, at No. 218 N. Grand avenue, where, besides flowers, a full stock of choice confectionery is kept on sale. Telephone call 2621. It is very tastefully fitted up, and is undoubtedly one of the most attractive stores in that section of the city, and one worthy of a visit if only to see the elegant display.

109

J. S. FINKENBINER.

This is the general agency of the famous Singer Manufacturing Company for Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Indian territory and Southern Illinois. It is centrally located in St. Louis at 1124. Olive street, and is under the able management of Mr. J. S. Finkenbiner. This celebrated company has a working capital of $40,000,000. Its success has been phenomenal, in fact, its machines have no equals in America or Europe for durability, reliability, simplicity and excellence. The company has 2,000 branch offices in the United States and Canada, and 3,000 offices in Europe and other countries; also sub-branches in every important center in the world. Interested parties often tell confiding people that the Singer is a good machine for manufacturing, but is not intended for family use. This is not true. The company sells more machines every year for family use throughout the world than all the other sewing machine companies combined, over 10,000,000 having been disposed of up to the present time. Every Singer machine for family use is mounted upon a new patent stand and on them art needlework and home decoration can be produced in Kensington, etching, crazy stitch couching, outline, scroll work, script, etc., and they teach this beautiful art free of charge at any of their offices. The premises occupied in St. Louis comprise a superior five-story and basement building, 30x110 feet in area, fitted up with every convenience. Here thirty clerks, etc., are required, and 100 other persons are employed in the various departments of this agency. Machines are sold either for cash or on the installment plan. They have been awarded the first premium over all others at all times when exhibited at the great world's exposition, state fairs in every part of the United States, Canada and Europe. To sum up the matter: The company are now producing machines which cover a range of 118 different kinds of work, which includes the whole manufacturing industries of the world where sewing is recognized. These machines vary from sixteen feet in length down to four inches, and some are made to work as many as 4,000 stitches a minute. They represent the highest attainment of the art of manufacture and are popular in all parts of the world.

HENRY W. BARKHOEFER.

One of the most ably conducted and reliable pharmacies in this city is that of Mr. Henry W. Barkhoefer, located at the northwest corner of Eleventh street and Penrose avenue. It was founded by this gentleman some years ago, and has always sustained an excellent reputation for first-class pure drugs, and for reliability in compounding and dispensing. From the start it has been the center of a brisk and active trade, and its patronage is both large and influential. The pharmacy has a floor area of 22x75 feet. It is handsomely fitted up with large plate glass front show windows, cases, and wall cabinets, its fixtures being all finished in hard wood. The laboratory in the rear is thoroughly equipped with all the best and most perfect appliances and apparatus, and all facilities are at hand for the successful prosecution of the extensive business on the most satisfactory basis. Two duly qualified assistants are employed, while the proprietor exercises close personal supervision over all departments. Mr. Barkhoeffer is a gentleman of wide practical experience as a dispensing chemist, and brings to the practice of his profession a thorough knowledge of it in all its branches. A large and varied stock is constantly carried, the carefully selected assortment embracing full lines of pure, fresh drugs, medicines and chemicals of every description, all the standard proprietary remedies of well-known merit and reputation, sanitary remedies, and pharmaceutical specialties, acids, extracts, essences, tinctures, etc., herbs, barks, seeds, roots and kindred botanical products, pure and medicinal wines, liquors and mineral waters; physicians and surgeons' supplies, orthopedical instruments and appliances; also toilet and fancy articles in great variety, such as perfumery, fancy and medicated soaps, brushes, combs, washes, lotions, oils, powders, sponges, chamois skins, as well as all other druggists' sundries. Physicians' prescriptions and family recipes are compounded, in the most careful manner, at all hours of the day and night, only the purest ingredients being used, while prices are of the most reasonable character. The house is in all respects a first-class and reliable one, and Mr. Barkhoeffer merits the success he has achieved.

ST. LOUIS CHINA DECORATING WORKS.

A marked demand has been observable recently in the fine arts, in the branches devoted to china painting and china decorating, abundantly indicative of the increasing appreciation in refined circles for productions of the highest class. The desire to obtain a knowledge of the art of painting and china decorating has also increased wonderfully of late, and schools devoted to this branch of art instruction have been established in various cities of the United States. In this connection we desire to direct special attention to the successful St. Louis China Decorating and Art School, at Nos. 1820 and 1822 Chouteau avenue, of which Mr. J. Schumacher is the enterprising proprietor. This business was inaugurated in 1882 by Mr. Schumacher, who was born in Germany, and had studied painting under the best masters of Munich and Dresden. The venture proved successful from the very start, and his services, as teacher and artist, were soon in great demand, and it became necessary that larger and more convenient quarters should be had for the steadily increasing patronage. In 1891 he especially designed and had erected the elegantly appointed building on Chouteau avenue, at the numbers indicated above. The premises consist of a two-story brick building, 40x135 feet in dimensions, and divided into studios, instruction rooms, decorating rooms, and firing department, which are provided with every convenience necessary for the successful prosecution of the work. There are four ovens fired by gas, with a capacity of from 300 to 400 dozen plates pre day, making his establishment the most extensive in the West. Mr. Schumacher is constantly in receipt of immense quantities of china from the large wholesale and other houses of the city, with orders for decorating and firing the same, which he executes in the most satisfactory manner. All work of this kind intrusted to him receives his personal attention, which is a sufficient guarantee of the artistic merit of the result. In the art school connected with the establishment there is always a large class, where Mr. Schumacher, with the aid of competent assistants, gives complete instructions in painting in oil, water and china colors. The days devoted to instruction in these branches are Wednesdays and Fridays, from 9 to 12 A. M. and 2 to 5 P. M., for which the charges are $1 a lesson only. Private instruction is also given at hours agreed upon by teacher and pupil; terms are $2 per lesson, tuition for a quarterly course being $100. Mr. Schumacher has a fine studio, where he exhibits a choice collection of oil paintings, as well as a collection of specimen productions of his pupils. Mr. Schumacher makes a specialty of painting portraits from nature in oil or china.

110

A. E. FAUST.

The associations surrounding the name of Mr. A. E. Faust and of his famous "Fulton Market," are as familiar as they are dear to every citizen of St. Louis who appreciates or desires good living, and the opportunity to secure the delicacies of the season at moderate prices. Mr. Faust has an honored and successful business record of thirty years' duration, and has become the leading wholesale and retail dealer in fish and oysters in St. Louis and the West, besides carrying the finest stock of canned and preserved food delicacies gathered from all parts of the world. Mr. Faust started a first-class saloon and restaurant upward of thirty years ago on S. Broadway, in what was then known as Old Frenchtown. After a most prosperous career there, he, in 1871, removed to the present location, which has become the permanent center of this branch of trade, by reason of his able and honorable management. In response to the urgent demands of his customers, he, in 1879, opened in the adjoining premises his deservedly famous Fulton Market. Since that date his combined establishment has permanently maintained the lead in its line, and is unquestionably unrivaled by anything of the kind in the Union. In 1887 he secured a renewal of his lease from the Southern Hotel Company, and thus prepared he planned and, in 1889, completed the erection of his present attractive building, which is a great ornament to the city, and one that is specially adapted for the carrying on of these branches of trade. The premises are two stories in height, with high basement, and are 72x107 feet in dimensions. The place is most elaborately constructed, fitted up and furnished, and cost $98,000, and the establishment shows that he has spared neither pains nor expense to render it the leader in its line. The basement is devoted to storage, cooling rooms, the wine cellar, etc. On the main floor are the gentlemen's restaurant and bar, most magnificent in furnishings and decorations. In the rear is the complete culinary department. On the second floor is a restaurant for ladies, fitted up in the most elaborate manner with artistic furniture, while the flooring is of polished mosaic. On the walls are hung high class oil paintings, the whole forming a beautiful establishment, the finest in St. Louis or the West. The flooring of the main departments and basement is the famous "granolithic" pavement. The building is brilliantly illuminated throughout with the electric light, there being about 1300 lights altogether. The patronage of the restaurant averages about 2,000 daily, coming from the most prominent circles — merchants, bankers, brokers, politicians, actors, professional men, travelers, etc. The place is known all over the world, and has not its equal elsewhere. The famous "Fulton Market" adjoining is unequaled west of New York, and here is put up the justly celebrated "Faust's ‘Own’ brand of fresh oysters," a trademark that fully covers the choicest bivalves that are shipped to the West, for, as everybody knows, Faust's oysters are away ahead of competition. Mr. Faust has a splendid mechanical outfit, and cans in season 7,000 cans daily. Here also are full-lines of sea fish, and all manner of foreign and domestic delicacies, including cheese, olives, capers, pickles, sausages, salads, canned goods, fruits, celery, etc., Westphalia hams, frogs, crabs — in fact, every edible known to the trade. The market department is under the management of Mr. George J. Hageman, an able, experienced business man, who has been in charge as buyer and manager for the past five years. In oysters. Mr. Faust does a business of $400,000 annually; in other lines, of $600,000 annually. In 1889 he opened the west end branch in Olive street, covering a large trade. Seven wagons are constantly run on city deliveries. Mr. Faust is a native of Prussia, a resident in St. Louis for thirty-four years past, and is known only to be respected for his honorable and progressive methods. As an instanc e of his enterprise, it may be remarked that the Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association brews a special beer for him known as "Faust" beer, and which is most delicious. Mr. Faust's efforts have been rewarded with a success as remarkable as well deserved, and St. Louis is to be congratulated upon the possession of such an establishment as his.

111

THE LACLEDE GAS LIGHT COMPANY.

Some of the greatest improvements of the present day in gas lighting and its manufacture have been introduced into St. Louis by the Laclede Gas Light Company, whose offices are centrally located at 411 and 413 N. Eleventh street. This progressive and successful company was incorporated by special act of the legislature of Missouri, and commenced supplying gas to portions of St. Louis June, 1873. Its original capital was $2,000,000, which was increased to $2,500,000, and eventually to $7,500,000 common stock, and $2,500,000 preferred stock. When it first commenced business the price of gas charged up to that time by the St. Louis Gas Light Company was $4.50 per 1,000 cubic feet. In 1873, in consequence of the competition of this company, the price was reduced to $3.25, later $3.00, and then to $2.50. Eventually, January 1st, 1890, it was again reduced to $1.18 3/4 per 1,000 cubic feet, and on the above date the company purchased on the expiration of the charter of the St. Louis Gas Light Company, the property of that corporation. It likewise purchased the plants of the Municipal Lighting and Power Company, and the Missouri Light and Power Company. The Laclede Gas Light Company is now furnishing all the gas sold in St. Louis, and its charter gives the company the right to regulate its own affairs and fix the price of gas. It has a thirty year's contract with the city from January 1st, 1890, for supplying gas to the city. It supplies gas to the citizens at the lowest possible figures, fuel gas being furnished at 40 cents per 1,000 cubic feet, and is conveyed by a separate system of street mains, extending over twenty-five miles of streets. They propose to extend the system as fast as the demand increases for fuel gas. They also supply railway cars with compressed oil gas, manufactured under the Pintsch system, by which the cars are brilliantly lighted at small cost. The capacity of the company's works is 5,000,000 cubic feet of illuminating gas daily, or 1,500,000,000 cubic feet per year. When the sales reach the last figures, it is the intention of the company to still further reduce the price. The plant is one of the finest and best in America and extends over several acres. The gas produced by the company is unrivaled for brilliancy, freedom from smoke, smell and other impurities, and is, considered by our ablest gas engineers and experts to be equal to any in the world. The following gentlemen, widely known in the business circles of St. Louis for their executive ability, energy and sterling integrity, are the officers, viz: Emerson McMillen, president; J. D. Thompson, treasurer and purchasing agent; Alex Ross, secretary; Geo. M. Paschall, ass't manager; W. A. Stedman, vice-president and general manager. The offices are spacious and handsomely appointed, and twenty clerks, etc., are employed. They have no less than 240 miles of mains throughout the city and its environs for illuminating gas only, and are continually extending their system with the growth of the city in size and population.

DUSTIN'S STEAM LAUNDRY.

For turning out first-class work it is safe to say that no laundry in St. Louis is better equipped than Dustin's, located at 1015-1017 Pine street. Mr. F. W. Dustin who was born in Erie, Pa., has resided in St. Louis for nearly a quarter of a century and in 1869 established the Telegraph Steam Laundry which he conducted until 1885 when he adopted the present name and removed to the very desirable premises now occupied comprising a building 45x109 feet in area. The laundry is fully equipped in all departments with special appliances, apparatus and machinery driven by a new thirty horse power steam engine. Upward of forty skilled hands are employed who are under careful supervision and all work turned out is done in a careful manner. The specialty is family laundry and no pains are spared to render satisfaction. Particular attention is given to laundrying. Fine and delicate fabrics, lace curtains etc., are laundered in a superior style, also shirts, collars and in no instance are the fabrics injured either by the use of chemicals or careless handling. Collars and cuffs are laundried at twenty cents per dozen and all work in proportion. Branch offices are maintained at 723 Chouteau avenue, 1021 Franklin avenue, 1112 Morgan street, 108 S. Sixth street, 1811 Franklin 3321 Olive street and East St. Louis. Wagons call for and deliver work in any part of the city and the best service is always assured. Telephone call 4162. This splendid laundry, one of the largest and most prominent in the city, is ably conducted and managed and the best evidence of its popularity is the large first-class patronage with which it is favored. Mr. Dustin owns some very desirable real estate in St. Louis, among which may be mentioned the business premises he occupied as a laundry at 1015 and 1017 Pine street. Mr. Dustin contemplates building a fine private residence in W. Pine street this spring, which is unquestionably one of the most desirable locations in St. Louis.

THE HOOKER-COLVILLE STEAM PUMP CO.

Every machinist has heard of the Hooker Steam Pumps, and their wonderful adaptation to all the varied purposes for which these articles are used, Every fair and exhibition, from the California State Fair of 1868, and the centennial, down to those of the most recent date, has awarded them the highest premiums, and the universal opinion is that they are absolutely unrivaled by any other in the market. In 1883 the Hooker-Colville Steam Pump Co. was incorporated with a capital of $50,000, the industry having been conducted for three years previously by Mr. W. D. Hooker. Mr. Wm. C. Farrar is the president and treasurer of the company; Mr. J. P. Sweeney, vice-president; and Mr. C. C. Farrar, secretary, all of whom are practical men. They occupy very fine premises at 1101 N. Second street, 140x158 feet in area, well equipped with all modern appliances, driven by a steam engine of forty horse power, and requiring the services of as many as fifty hands, among whom are many of the most skillful machinists in the Southwest. The list of manufacture embraces pumps for every conceivable purpose to which they can be put. Among the best known are the Hooker Plunger Pump for boiler feeding, mines and heavy work, the Hooker Piston Pump for general service, the Hooker Double Action Miner's Sinking Pump, the Hooker Tank and Light Service Pump, artesian and vertical deep well engines and pumps of every description. More than forty different kinds of these articles are made here, each having been gradually improved in both construction and action, until they now stand unapproached in any particular by those of other manufacturers before the public. A few points of excellence may be tersely summed up in the following features: Simplicity, originality, durability, economy, power and speed. Each article is thoroughly tested before shipment, and is warranted to do its work in a most satisfactory manner. A flourishing branch is in operation in Chicago, and the trade extends over the whole of the United States. The steady growth of trade is a sure indication of how well patrons are suited.

112

T. BAHNSEN.

One of the most conscientious and experienced piano-makers of this country is Mr. T. Bahnsen. He has been located in business in this city for the past seven years, and is building up a reputation, of the highest order {or the superior instruments he manufactures, He occupies the entire building located at No. 1520 Olive street, and uses the front part of this establishment as a showroom, carrying a large number of his own manufacture of pianos. Here he manufactures his justly celebrated Bahnsen pianos, giving personal attention to every detail, and employing only experienced builders in turning out superior instruments. These instruments are characterized by beauty of finish and tone and have no superiors. He also does repairing of all kinds and tuning. Mr. Bahnsen enjoys a most liberal patronage from the leading musicians and citizens, and has built and sold a great many of his very superior instruments. In 1887 and 1888 he received the first premium at the St. Louis fair for his high grade instruments. Mr. Bahnsen is a native of Germany, and has resided in St. Louis a number of years; he is a gentleman of middle age, and stands very high in the estimation of his numerous friends, and the business world who have awarded him a generous patronage.

CHARLES W. BARSTOW.

Representative among the largest and most progressive houses in St. Louis is that of Charles W. Barstow, importer and jobber in paints, chemicals, oils, seeds, glass, paper, woolen and soap manufacturers' supplies, etc. The immense business conducted was founded as far back as 1853 by Mr. Geo. P. Whitelaw and continued by him until 1868, when Mr. Barstow became a partner, and as Geo. P. Whitelaw & Co. an extensive trade was built up. In 1873 Mr. Barstow purchased his partner's interest and has since personally conducted, increased the facilities and stock and extended the trade. The building occupied, Nos. 617-619 N. Second street, is a four-story structure with basement and has dimensions of 40 x 15 feet. It is suitably fitted up for the prosecution of the business and furnished with every modern convenience. Besides this building, ample provision is made for the storage of stock in warehouses in the immediate vicinity. The house is the largest and most important of its kind in the city and controls a trade widely diffused throughout the North, Northwest and west to Salt Lake City and south to the gulf. The stock carried is large, full and complete in all departments and embraces paints of all kinds, naval stores, heavy drugs, chemicals, acids, alkali, essential oils for perfumers, palm, cocoanut, cotton seed and oils. Mr. Barstow is sole agent for the Green Bank Alkali Works Company, limited, of St. Helena, England, manufacturers of caustic soda, potash, carbonate and chlorate of potash, salts of tartar, chloride of lime, etc.; the Philadelphia Quartz Company, manufacturers of silicate of soda; and the Prince Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of metallic paints, all of which are well known for the excellence of their product. The eminent reputation and just methods of this old established enterprising house are known throughout the country and with its widespread commercial relations, superior facilities and trade connections is a source of credit to St. Louis. Mr. Barstow, who was born in Boston, was for many years with the firm of King, Dexter & Co., also of that city. He came to St. Louis in 1865, and has since been actively identified with its business affairs for twenty-six years he has been a member of the Merchants' Exchange, and served as first vice-president. Mr. Barstow is a veteran of the war; he went to the front with the 45th Massachusetts Infantry.

113

THIRD NATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUIS.

The well-balanced and conservative management of the banks has been a most important factor in our national prosperity and commercial stability. Their growth and usefulness have been in keeping with the development of the city's commerce, and they constitute the solid foundation on which is reared the results of American enterprise and mercantile capacity. The Third National Bank of St. Louis is one of the oldest and most ably managed and successful organizations in the West. Its career has been a very prosperous one, and is closely allied with the growth and development of the city's business interests. Its charter, under the laws of Missouri, was passed by the General Assembly in 1855, and on the 17th of June, 1857, it began business with a capital of $1,000,000, as the Southern Bank of St. Louis. It was the first state bank to organize under the National Currency Act of 1862, commencing as National Bank No. 170, in January, 1864. This institution occupies the unique and distinguished position of being one of the oldest national banks in the United States. This fact is the best possible tribute to the conservative measures which have been adopted for its guidance by its far-sighted managers, who have brought it unscathed through every panic and financial disaster. After the passage of the National Currency Act in 1862, all state banks were taxed ten per cent on their outstanding state circulation by the general government. The Southern Bank of St. Louis, of which the Third National Bank is an offshoot, had then a circulation of about $3,000,000. The State legislature passed an act of limitation whereby, at a certain date, the $3,000,000 outstanding should be redeemed. The bank never took advantage of this act of limitation, but paid up the whole sum, save about $13,000, The Third National is the only bank organized under the act of 1856 that has retained its original capital. Since January, 1864, the net earnings of this renowned institution have amounted to $2,353,345.90, of which no less than $2,067,540 have been paid to shareholders in dividends, leaving a balance as surplus and undivided profits at the present time of $285,805.90. In March, 1864, Mr. James H. Britton was elected president, and the following gentlemen have succeeded him in this important position, namely: Mr. John R. Lionberger, Mr. Thos. E. Tutt, and in 1890 Mr. Geo. T. Cram, who now so ably fills the office. The vice-president is Mr. N. O. Nelson, and the cashier Mr. Thos. A. Stoddart, all of whom are also on the board of directors, being associated here with the leading capitalists, financiers and business men of the city, whose names are synonymous with integrity and stability. Mr. Stoddart is a native of Philadelphia, who became connected with the bank shortly after his arrival here in 1856, and worked his way up, step by step, to his present honorable and responsible position by the exercise of those high qualities, which fit him for his onerous duties in such a pre-eminent degree. He is the oldest bank cashier in continuous service in St. Louis. A general business is transacted, every modern system which in any way tends to enhance or benefit financial transactions being utilized. It receives upon favorable terms the accounts of banks, bankers, corporations, and individuals, and makes collections through its perfectly organized system of correspondence. The premises, at No. 417 Olive street, are among the handsomest in the city, the fixtures being of solid oak, and the floor laid in parti-colored tiles. The building is lighted with electric lights, and is supplied with vaults and every modern convenience, offering unexcelled facilities for the accommodation of customers and the transaction of business. The Third National Bank is one of St. Louis' live fiscal institutions, to which business men can look with confidence and pride.

HAMMEL HARNESS CO.

Among the many enterprising concerns in St. Louis engaged in the manufacture and sale of harness, horse clothing, turf goods, etc., it is very safe to say that none have so high a reputation as the Hammel Harness Co., located at No. 1129 Pine street. The foundation of the business dates from 1867 when it was established by Mr. Henry A. Hammel, who conducted it until 1889, when the present company was organized and incorporated under the laws of Illinois and subsequently under the laws of Missouri. The store is neatly and tastefully fitted up in modern style. It is 20x50 feet in area and the workshop in the rear is 18x25 feet. Mr. Hammel the founder of the business and the president and treasurer is a practical man and gives his personal supervision to manufacturing to order fine single and double carriage, coach, buggy, road, driving and track harness, and also saddles, bridles, etc. He uses only the best material and fully guarantees the work turned out in every particular. Competent workmen are employed and orders are always filled promptly. Interfering boots are a specialty and careful attention is paid to repairing. In the store a full and complete stock of all kinds of harnesses in various mountings is kept on sale, also ladies' and gentlemen's saddles, horse clothing and turf goods of every description. The assortment is one of the best to be found in the city, while prices are such as to defy competition. Mr. Hammel who was born in Baltimore, has been in St. Louis since 1850. He is well known to all owners of fine driving horses and to turf men and is the official starter of trotting races, throughout the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, and Arkansas, a position he has held for many years. Mr. Hammel was formerly the president and is now the secretary of a public spirited enterprise under the auspices of the Gentlemen's Driving Club at Forest Park and the public is cordially invited to view the races free of charge.

SINCLAIR PAINTING COMPANY.

There is no more useful trade, we might say art, than that of painting and decorating. In these days of progress, in such a prosperous city as St. Louis, there is no more important factor in the building profession, than the skillful and tasty painter and decorator of the business houses, public and private buildings, and the residences of the community. Among the most reliable and substantial firms in this line in the city is that of the Sinclair Painting Company of No. 3704 N. Fourteenth street and No. 1117 Salisbury street. This excellent business was originally established in 1859 by Mr. Allen Sinclair, who from that time met with a most liberal patronage, and in 1890, the business was incorporated under the state laws of Missouri, Mr. Allen Sinclair being chosen president, and his son and partner, Mr. C. A. Sinclair, secretary and treasurer. This company does a large business in house, sign and decorative painting, using white enamel letters, gold and silver leaf, and all kinds of fancy sign work, and inside decorating also of house painting, exterior and interior, staining old brick work and tuck-pointing it, and also does hardwood finishing, graining and glazing, and also make a specialty of the painting of ice machines and brewery work. The Sinclair Painting Company occupies a large "L" shaped shop at the corner of N. Fourteenth and Salisbury streets, 30x100 feet in dimensions, and give constant employment to forty hands in their work. Since the first establishment of their business, the company has done a very large business, and by the excellence of their work, their industry and energy and skill, they have continued to increase their patronage, until they now rank among the leading firms of the city in this line of business. Mr. Allen Sinclair is a native of the "Buckeye state," coming to St. Louis in 1858. His son Mr. C. A. Sinclair was born in Northern Illinois, and was brought to St. Louis while an infant. Both are active and progressive business men, are practical mechanics and have earned the large patronage they are favored with. Their excellent work is ranked as the very best, and many of the finest jobs in the city and surrounding states have been done by them, and all of them bespeak for the company and show an originality and tastefulness that are not possessed by many competitive firms. We would commend those desiring work in their line to call and see them.

114

FLORIDA, HAMMETT & CROSWHITE REAL ESTATE COMPANY.

One of the most prominent of the occupations of our leading business men in St. Louis is the buying, selling and exchanging of realty. In this connection we desire to make special reference to the representative and reliable concern known as the Florida, Hammett & Croswhite Real Estate Company, whose main offices are located at 821 Pine street, and branch at 300 Broadway, East St. Louis. This business was established in 1890, and on August 12, 1891, was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $75,000, the executive officers being Mr. A. K. Florida, president; Mr. W. P. Crosswhite, vice-president, and Mr. B. F Hammett, Jr., secretary and treasurer. They possess an accurate knowledge, present and prospective, of St. Louis city and suburban property, and their services are in constant requisition by leading capitalists. A specialty of the company is the exchanging of farm lands and subdivisions, and they have carried through to a successful issue the largest deals in real estate in the city; during the present year, 1891, the sales alone amounting to $1,000,000. They have always on their books some of the most desirable pieces of realty in the city and its vicinity, which they offer at low prices and on easy terms of payment. The company made a specialty of handling realty in East St. Louis, which is located at the crossroads of the commerce and at the center of the wealth of the Mississippi valley. East St. Louis has five of the largest grain elevators in the Mississippi valley. She has three banks and many fine stores; a magnificent opera house just finished, fine hotels, churches representing all denominations, schoolhouses and public schools equal to any in the state; one of the most extensive stock yards in the United States; an immense pork packing industry; a system of electric roads connecting with St. Louis; a splendid system of waterworks; streets lighted by electricity; good city government, with bonds selling above par; meat cheap; vegetables in the greatest abundance; an efficient fire department; cheapest coal in the United States; splendid facilities for switching and for shipping, the freight rates being $5.00 per car cheaper than in St. Louis; she has twenty railroads centering in her limits; has a very low death rate; has more than doubled in population in the last decade, and is improving more rapidly than any other city of her size in this country. The flourishing condition of East St. Louis is not only proven by her many and substantial internal improvements, and the healthy state of her finances, but is also shown by the new additions and subdivisions that are being made for home sites for her rapidly increasing population. Among the largest and most beautiful of these is Denverside, which is controlled by the Florida, Hammett & Crosswhite Real Estate Company. This magnificent subdivision lies a few blocks southeast of the bridge and adjoining the business portion of the town. It contains nearly 100 choice residence blocks; is nicely subdivided, with street car line running the entire length of the property. City water has been carried out nearly its entire length. Many nice residences are being erected. The great manufacturing establishments, located on the east side of the property will, of course, employ thousands of men — skilled laborers and metal workers. These men will want nice homes within reach of the works. Shops, boarding-houses and stores of various kinds will then become a necessity. All this means that this portion of the city must soon be thickly settled, and the land will increase rapidly. The Florida, Hammett & Crosswhite Real Estate Company are the agents for 250,000 feet of East St. Louis property. They also control the Alta Sita subdivision, and buy, sell and exchange lands, etc., throughout Illinois, Ohio, Minnesota and Missouri. Faithful attention is given to the management, of estates for non-residents, rents are collected, while taxes and insurance pre miums are promptly paid. Their influential connections in financial circles enables them to negotiate loans, mortgages, etc., on the easiest conditions, only nominal fees being charged. The company's offices are conveniently located with regard to their customers on the one hand and their property on the other, and are fitted up with a view to affording patrons every facility for obtaining all necessary information regarding property, and for the expeditious transaction of business. The members of the firm are recognized as being thoroughly familiar with their profession and as having an intimate knowledge of values, both present and prospective. They are honorable, energetic and liberal business men, who, appreciating the importance of conducting operations upon the soundest basis, have, as a consequence, secured and permanently retained the entire confidence of the community, and have become popular in real estate and financial circles. Their great experience and well known ability peculiarly fits them to advise in the matter of safe and profitable investments in realty, and we can heartily indorse the popular verdict concerning their successful business as evinced in the steady and remarkable increase which has characterized the trade of the company during the comparatively short period that has elapsed since their inception. This gratifying development also has a wider signification, pointing, as it unmistakably does, to the great future in store for East St. Louis, a future which can only be dimly foreseen, and concerning

115

which it would be folly to attempt to define. Such corporations as these are destined to have permanent places in the local histories of cities now in embryo, and they exercise a most important influence upon the welfare of those who are to become citizens. It is therefore important that the foundations should be well laid, and the improvements should be effected with reference to the development which is sure to come in localities situated so advantageously as those in which this company are interested. The telephone call of the Pine street offices is 4188 and that of the Broadway, East St. Louis offices, 5087, and orders received over the wires will have the same careful attention which is ever accorded to all commissions intrusted to the experienced hands of this responsible and trustworthy real estate company, who are prepared to carry out with the greatest fidelity every wish of their patrons, and to aid them with their experienced professional assistance in every department of this fundamental line which is daily becoming of more vital importance to the community.

JOHN J. LATAL ROOFING CO.

Prominent among the new generation of houses that are the growth of this progressive age, stands the John J. Latal Roofing Company, whose yards are located at No. 1518 N. Tenth street The firm was established in 1880, and has developed its latent resources with marked rapidity, yet solely on the basis of demand and supply. Every suitable and proper appliance is to be found at their large premises, where a full staff of skilled hands find constant employment, numbering from seventeen in the winter, up to fifty-two in summer. The line embraces the slating of roofs, all the necessary material being furnished, all the work being performed in first class style. The slate is procured from the best quarries in Vermont, Maine and Pennsylvania, and is absolutely unsurpassed by any other on the market. The repairing of roofs is also executed with the same skill for which this house is noted, every commission being personally superintended by Mr. Latal himself. He has executed many of the most important contracts ever undertaken in the city, among which may be mentioned the roofing of the buildings of L. M. Rumsey Manufacturing Co., H. Gaus & Sons' Planing Mill, Medart Pulley Co., St. Englebert's Roman Catholic Church, etc., and his work elicits the admiration of all who see it. He offers every inducement to customers, both as to quality and price, and attends to orders received by telephone (No. 3420), with the same promptitude and accuracy as those personally delivered. Mr. Latal was born in Baltimore, Md., but came to St. Louis thirty-one years ago. He is a thorough master of his trade, and has long enjoyed the respect and esteem of all with whom he has had dealings.

MELLOR, WOODS & CO.

A prominent and influential firm of real estate and insurance agents in St. Louis is that of Messrs. Mellor, Woods & Company, whose offices are located at No. 2000 E. Grand avenue. It is composed of Messrs. J. B. Mellor, E. W. Woods, and John C. Obert, and was formed by these gentlemen in April, 1890, as an insurance agency alone, the real estate department being added some six months later. Their offices were first at No. 1900 E. Grand avenue, but owing to the rapid development of the business it was soon found necessary to find more commodious quarters, and the firm consequently removed in June, 1891, to their present address. Here they occupy the ground floor of a building, 20x60 feet in dimensions, handsomely fitted up and furnished, and where they have every facility for the prompt and satisfactory prosecution of their extensive business. The partners are all active and energetic young men, and are prominently identified with several of our most important financial institutions. Thus, Mr. Mellor is the secretary of the Tower Building and Loan Association, while a similar office is held by Mr. Woods in the Prosperity Building and Loan Association, and by Mr. Obert in the North End Building and Loan Association. Their excellent abilities and the thorough experience brought to bear by them in the management of their business have resulted in the building up of a large and influential patronage. They are recognized authorities as to the present and prospective values of the residential and business sections of the city, and those who have been guided by their sound judgment and intimate practical knowledge in making investments, have secured steady incomes and in every way increasing valuable properties. They conduct a general real estate business in the purchase, sale, exchange, and renting of property, collection of rents, negotiations of loans on bond and mortgage, and make a leading specialty of the management of estates. They handle much of the most desirable pieces of realty in North St. Louis, and those seeking investments in this favored section of the city, will best consult their own interests by seeking their guidance They are also the agents for the responsible and reliable fire insurance companies, the Northern of London, the Rhode Island Underwriters' Association of Providence, R. I., the Providence Washington Insurance Company of Providence, R. I., and the American Central of St. Louis. The firm is a responsible and honorably directed one, and worthy of the patronage and confidence of the public in real estate and insurance matters. Mr. Mellor and Mr. Woods are natives of Wheeling. W. Va., and have resided in this city, the latter since 1867, and the former since 1870. Mr. Obert was born in St. Louis, and is accounted a representative and reliable business man in his line of trade.

NEW YORK DENTAL ROOMS.

The most elegant and commodious dental parlors in this city are those known as the New York Dental Rooms, at No. 1001 Olive street, northwest corner of Tenth, of which R. T. Sanders, D. D. S., is the proprietor. Dr. Sanders is a native of Delaware and a gentleman of very great experience in his profession. He formerly practiced his profession in New York, and in 1869 established himself in this city, and has been at his present location since 1888. The premises occupied consist of a suite of eight rooms on the second floor of the building at the number indicated above. The office and reception parlors are most handsomely furnished, and a young lady is in constant attendance to wait upon lady patients. The operating rooms are equipped with four of the latest improved operating chairs, and with the best instruments and appliances known to the profession, while four assistants — practical, scientific dentists — are constantly employed. Dr. Sanders has a very large and influential patronage which extends throughout the city and surrounding country. At these dental rooms, exclusively, there is in use an entirely new vegetable compound for extracting teeth without pain, which is declared by physicians and chemists to be free from harm and absolutely safe. Dr. Sanders has also the newest and most complete apparatus for manufacturing nitrous oxide gas, which can be had fresh every day. This we believe the only office in the city offering to its patients the choice of two anaesthetics. The prices charged are extremely moderate when the excellence of the work done is considered. A good set of upper or lower gum teeth may be had for $7 and upward. The very largest and finest gold fillings are done for only $2, while platinum fillings are put in at lower and most reasonable prices. A specialty is made of fine operative and artificial work, crown, bridge, or teeth without plates, and fine gold work. St. Louis is to be congratulated in possessing the services of a gentleman of such great professional ability as Dr. R. T. Sanders. Dr. Sanders' residence is at No. 3970 Delmar avenue, and forms a feature of this beautiful residential portion of the city, and he has built several others of great beauty in this district.

116

MISSOURI TYPEWRITER EXCHANGE.

Life is too short, in these busy times, to do the immense amount of corresponding and writing required in conducting the business of this rapid age; but the inventive genius of man has come forward with the greatest of all helps in the typewriting machine. There is no better place in the country to secure one of these most valuable assistants, than at the Missouri Typewriter Exchange, at No. 613 Pine street. This splendid business was established in 1889, by the present proprietor, Mr. W. B. Morrison, who handles first-class typewriters of all makes, new and second-hand, buys, sells, exchanges, also rents and sells on the installment plan. Mr. Morrison does business in every state in the Union, and also in Mexico, and is rapidly extending and increasing it in all directions. Mr. Morrison is also manager of the National Stenographers' Association, and supplies firms with stenographers in all parts of the country. His office is on the second floor at the above number and is neatly and conveniently furnished for his business. Mr. Morrison employs no agents on the road, but is pleased to correspond with any one needing goods in his line. He is a native of Southern Illinois and has been in St. Louis for four years, where his hustling energy has made him many friends.

MASSACHUSETTS BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

This branch of the Massachusetts Benefit Association of Boston, Mass., is under the able management of Messrs. F. M. and Frank K. Doan, and the office is centrally located at 703 Odd Fellows' building. This Association has 28,000 policyholders, $95,000,000 insurance in force, and $800,000 cash surplus, while it has paid in losses $5,500,000. It was incorporated under Massachusetts' law in 1878. The new policy contract contains a non-forfeiture clause, and is absolutely incontestable after three years. Messrs. F. M. and F. K. Doan control the Association's business in Missouri, Nebraska, Iowa, Kentucky and West Virginia, and for the months of September, October, November and December, 1891, wrote $558,000 insurance. For rates and details, intending insurers are requested to call on or address Messrs. Doan. Messrs. F. M. and F. K. Doan are natives of Ohio. Mr. F. M. Doan was formerly secretary of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Assessment Company, and went to Arizona in 1888. He has extensive ranches there, and owns a large number of first-class short-born, and red polled pedigreed cattle. Mr. F. M. Doan is a prominent Mason and Knight Templar. Mr. Frank K. Doan was formerly manager of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Assessment Company, and owns fine breeding farms for horses at Curryville, Pike county, Mo. He is a popular Odd Fellow, K. of P., Knight Templar and Shriner, and the owner of a number of the finest trotting horses in the city, and in which he takes great pride.

GUTWALD & FLYNT.

The thriving city of East St. Louis is wide awake in all that tends to its rapid progress, and this remark will apply to the business establishment of Messrs. Gutwald & Flynt, practical tinsmiths and dealers in hardware and kitchen furnishing goods. Mr. F. J. Gutwald and Mr. D. H. Flynt the copartners, are young men of energy, enterprise and business ability of a high order and have been associated and established in their present location since May 23d. Although but a short time has elapsed from the time they commenced operations, a splendid patronage has rewarded their spirited and ably directed efforts. The store, which is located at 433 and 435 Collinsville avenue, is very admirably adapted for business purposes and displaying the stock. It is a double store 50x60 feet in dimensions and in the rear of it is a well equipped workshop, 18x30 feet in area. Messrs. Gutwald & Flynt carry a full stock of new goods which have been bought direct from the most reputable manufacturers in the country and are selling at prices it would indeed be difficult to duplicate. In the assortment will be found everything in the line of hardware for builders' use, nails, shelf goods, also mechanics' and gardeners' tools, locksmiths' and cabinet makers' supplies, tin and copper ware, kitchen goods, stoves and ranges for burning coal or wood, in all the new patterns together with table and pocket cutlery. An adequate force of skilled workmen is employed, and particular attention is paid to manufacturing tinware, executing sheet iron work, and doing repairing and jobbing. A specialty is made of tin-roofing, guttering and spouting, also cleaning and repairing stoves, ranges and furnaces. Estimates are furnished by the firm for any kind of work in their line, and they fully guarantee the best satisfaction. Mr. Gutwald is a native of St. Louis and previous to his engaging in his present enterprise was in the employ of Chas. Hauss eight and a half years. He has resided in East St. Louis since 1879. Mr. Flynt was born in Missouri and came to this city in 1884. He was formerly with Chas. Maurer. They are reliable and responsible and in all their dealings will be found upright and honorable. Their business is steadily increasing and it should be borne in mind by those who need anything in their line that the stock of goods offered from which to make selections is all new, of a superior quality, and that the very lowest, way down, "rock bottom" prices prevail. The location of the store is very central, desirable and convenient for both city and country trade. They make a specialty of furnace work and are the sole agents for the famous Peninsular furnaces of Detroit, Mich., and Tubular Masonry Furnaces manufactured by the Union Foundry Co., Bloomington, Ill.

F. DUFF & CO.

Of the various enterprises that have made St. Louis one of the chief commercial centers of the country, the lumber trade has always held an important place, employing large capital in its conduct, and giving to cognate industries a decided impetus by the energy and ability displayed in its development. In every department of the enterprise, the characteristic tenacity of its leading exponents has been abundantly shown and the flourishing character of their establishments amply demonstrates with what vigorous grasp they have seized and held the trade in this gigantic national industry. Among the younger firms engaged in this line, one of the most active and enterprising is that of Messrs. F. Duff & Co., whose office is located at Room 316, Commercial Buiding, at the corner of Sixth and Olive streets. They are entirely wholesale agents, and make a specialty of railroad lumber and oak and cypress piling. Mr. Franklin Duff makes St. Louis his headquarters, and has been engaged in the lumber business for three years. He was for some time connected with the purchasing department of the Missouri Pacific Railway. The firm has been established under the present style for the past six months, but has acquired a high reputation and received a large and select patronage. They are comparatively young men and stand high in the trade. Their facilities for transacting business are of an unusually complete character, enabling them to offer special advantages to customers.

117

HAYWARD'S BUSINESS COLLEGE.

The absolute necessity of a thorough commercial education to those who desire to succeed in the business world, was never so imperative as to-day. No intelligent young person any longer debates whether a commercial education and training are needed or not. The vital questions to solve are: "Which is the best college to attend, and which the most thorough and reliable." After a careful survey of the field in St. Louis, we conscientiously desire to direct intending students to Hayward's Short-hand, Type-writing and Commercial College, eligibly located at Nos. 702 to 706 Olive street. This college was founded in 1876, by Messrs. Robert Martin and C. J. Hayward, who conducted it till 1888, when Mr. Hayward became the principal on the death of Mr. Martin. The school rooms are spacious, well lighted, heated and ventilated, while, seven first-class teachers and professors are employed. The course of study is a perfect one, including bookkeeping, grammar, spelling, letter writing, penmanship, commercial law business ethics, geography, arithmetic, stenography and typewriting. The instruction is given individually, not in class, consequently the bright intelligent pupil is not kept back by those not his equal mentally. The bookkeeping course includes single and double entry in all its forms, with actual practice in changing from single to double entry, office business, commission, retail, manufacturing, banking, stock companies, etc. In bookkeeping no time is wasted in studying theory, which can never be put in practice, or in copying forms that are never used in business. The science of accounts is developed as rapidly as possible, until the student thoroughly understands any set of books, as applied to any kind of business. This is the most successful short-hand school in the West, and has more graduates in paying positions than all other similar schools in St. Louis combined. Owing to the fitness and skill of its graduates, business men always prefer them when wanting office help, and during the last twelve months this college has had two hundred calls for stenographers and bookkeepers. The tuition rates are extremely moderate, and the constant aim of the principal is to do the best possible for his students, regardless of expense of time or money. Professor Hayward is a native of New Hampshire, but has resided in St. Louis since 1876. He is a thorough disciplinarian and an intellectual and accomplished gentleman. Students are admitted at any time, either for the night or day classes, and are charged only from the date of commencement.

GILBERT BOOK CO.

The leading law book publishing house in St. Louis is unquestionably that of the Gilbert Book Company, located at No. 205 N. Fourth street. The foundation of the now prosperous business dates from 1869, when Mr. W, J. Gilbert, who was connected with the St. Louis new company, bought out their law book department and stock, and by his thorough knowledge of the business, coupled with well directed efforts, built up a large and substantial trade throughout the South and Southwest. In 1880 the present company was formed and incorporated with a capital of $50,000. Mr. W. J. Gilbert, the founder of the business, is president, and his son, M. J. Gilbert, is treasurer and acting secretary. The store which is on the ground floor, is 20x75 feet in area, and fitted with galleries which makes it twice that size, admirably arranged. The business has so far been confined to their own list of about three hundred books. The firm publish only standard works, making a specialty of law reports, etc., appertaining to Missouri and Texas. The business is steadily growing each succeeding year and becoming more widely extended. About the premises eight clerks and assistants are employed, and two traveling salesmen kept constantly on the road, while ten or fifteen others are at all times preparing new works. Mr. Gilbert the, president, is a native of Ohio, where he learned the rudiments of the business, after which he was ten years in business at Dubuque, Ia. He is a gentleman well and favorably known in this city. Mr. M. J. Gilbert, the treasurer, is a native of Iowa. He is secretary of the Coleman Elevator Co., at Coleman, Mo., a member of the Legion of Honor, Royal Arcanum, and the Pastime Athletic Club.

118

THE WAINWRIGHT BUILDING.

This ten-story and basement office building (of which we give an illustration herewith) recently erected on the corner of Seventh and Chestnut streets by the Wainwright Real Estate Company, is one of the most complete and desirable office buildings in the city. It has all the modern conveniences, and will be managed in such a complete and thorough manner as will afford the tenants who are fortunate enough to secure accommodation within its walls, perfect satisfaction. The building structure, which is of steel throughout, is built in the most substantial manner. The columns are of extra heavy wrought steel, and the floor beams are of extra size, thus giving the greatest amount of Strength and durability. The steel structure is set upon broad and substantial foundations of concrete and stone, so that all possibility of settling has been guarded against. The fronts of the building are composed of stone, brick and ornamental terra cotta. The base of the building above the sidewalk is of Missouri red granite, and on this base are two stories of brown sandstone, with dressed and richly carved faces. Commencing with the third story, the faces of the building are red pressed brick, with ornamental terra cotta trimmings on the pilasters and in the panels between the window heads and sills. Above the ninth story the entire face of the building is of richly ornamented terra cotta, forming the cornice of the building and setting off to perfection the complete structure. The plan of the building, as will be seen by reference to the plans, is of the form of the letter U, with a wide and light court to the north, and a widening of the alley on the west. By means of this arrangement the building is so well lighted that every office or room in the building will have direct outside light and air. The rooms fronting on the court and the alley will be just as well ventilated as the offices on the street fronts, and fully as desirable on account of being away from the noise of the street. There are four entrances to the building on the first floor. The main entrances are on the Chestnut and Seventh street fronts, and are richly ornamented with carvings in the stone. There are two entrances from the rear. One is at the west side of the building, and will be convenient to persons coming from the west on Pine street, the other is from the court in the rear of the building. Through this last mentioned entrance all the office furniture, supplies, etc., which are used in such a building, can be brought in without in any way interfering with or annoying the tenants of the building, and are taken up on a special elevator. All the above entrances lead into the main halls on the first floor, and the elevators and stairway are directly reached from any of them. The vestibules at the main entrances on both streets, and main halls, are finished entirely in marble, walls and ceiling. The floor of the vestibules and main halls are laid in rich mosaic. The corridors and lavatories throughout the building have mosaic floors, and the walls are wainscoted with marble. The plumbing work in this building is the most complete of any building in the city, and is fitted with marble partitions and slabs. The plumbing fixtures are the best and most modern that can be found, and are provided with all modern appliances. There are separate lavatories for ladies and for gentlemen on the tenth floor, each of which is cut off from the main corridor by anterooms. In connection with the gentlemen's lavatory there is a barber shop and bootblack room, the fittings of which will compare with any place of the sort elsewhere. In the basement of the building will also be placed a well appointed lavatory with all the conveniences, which will afford accommodations to the stores and offices located on the first floor. There will be placed in every office, at the

119

request of the tenant, a washstand, with porcelain bowl and marble top, supplying both hot and cold water. Entering the building from any of the fronts, the halls lead directly to the elevators, four in number, which are located in the center of the building. The elevators are of the best make, and are fitted with all the modern appliances, in order to make them perfectly safe, and yet run at a high speed. The location of these elevators being central, will land the passengers on each floor at a point which is close to any office it is desired to reach. The elevator space in this building I well lighted, doing away with the objection so often met with in having a dark shaft. The elevator cars are made of richly ornamented iron, and the inclosures are of the same material. The building is strictly fireproof throughout. The outside walls incasing the steel structure are heavy, thereby adding stability and steadfastness to the building. The inside columns are all fireproof, and all floors are made of fireproof materials, with mosaic tiles in the halls, and hardwood floors in the rooms and offices. All the inside partitions are built of fireproof material, and provision is made in the construction of the partitions to remove any or all of them on any floor, so as to afford accommodation to parties wishing large or small rooms.

THE WAINWRIGHT BREWERY.

This is a branch of the St. Louis Brewing Association, which controls eighteen breweries in St. Louis. This association was incorporated under the laws of Missouri in 1889 with a paid-up capital of $10,000,000, its president and general manager being Mr. Ellis Wainwright, who is a recognized authority on brewing, and on all matters pertaining to it. The Wainwright Brewery was opened and built in 1848 by Messrs. Evans and Samuel Wainwright, the father of Mr. Ellis Wainwright. In 1854 the firm became Fritz & Wainwright, who were succeeded in 1870 by Samuel Wainwright & Co. In 1875 Messrs. Samuel and Ellis Wainwright assumed control, and soon after admitted Mr. Lorenz Lampel into partnership. Mr. Samuel Wainwright died a few years afterward, when the business was incorporated as the Wainwright Brewery Company, with a paid up capital of $400,000, the executive officers being Mr. L. Lampel, president, and Mr. E. Wainwright, secretary and treasurer. In 1884 Mr. Lampel sold out his interest to Mr. E. Wainwright, who became president, and soon afterward it was merged into the St. Louis Brewing Association. The Wainwright brewery, malthouse, elevator, etc., are substantial and superior buildings, which are eligibly located on Papin and Eleventh streets. The brewery is fully equipped with the latest improved apparatus, machinery and appliances, and is considered one of the most perfect in the state. Here are two fifty-ton De La Vergne ice machines in operation, while the malt house has a capacity of 150,000 bushels, and the elevator of 160,000 bushels. One hundred brewers, workmen, etc., and twenty-six teams are employed, and the output of the brewery is 93,000 barrels of beer annually. They brew principally Standard and Cabinet lager beer, also Erlanger and Culmbacher. Only really first-class hops and malt are used, and these are handled in such a scientific and careful manner as to result in the production of lager that is absolutely unrivaled in America or Germany. The beer of the Wainwright brewery is preferred by thousands, and possesses rare tonic and strengthening qualities, while the demand for it is steadily increasing in all sections of St. Louis and its vicinity. Mr. E. Wainwright is assisted in the management of the brewery by Mr. Wm. A. Haren, the assistant manager, who is widely known for the able manner in which he attends to the interests of patrons. The storage accommodations of the Wainwright brewery are very complete, and the prime quality of the lager beer is due not only to the purity of the ingredients and the skill in manufacture, but also to the ample facilities of the concern for keeping in stock large quantities which are allowed to mature previous to being entered for consumption.

J. W. PEOPLES.

There is no better equipped boarding and livery stable in St. Louis than that known as the "Beaumont," of which Mr. J. W. Peoples is the proprietor. The stable was first opened about fifteen years ago by Harrigan & Cullinane, and in 1887 Messrs. Cullinane Brothers became the proprietors. In February, 1892, the latter were succeeded by Mr. J. W. Peoples, the present owner, who has increased the stock of horses and carriages and given his attention to undertaking and embalming. The "Beaumont" stable is located on Franklin avenue. The building is numbered 2719 to 2731. It is built of brick, in a substantial manner, has dimensions of 100x125 feet, and is fitted up with a view to the convenience of stock. Accommodation is afforded for one hundred horses, and throughout it is scrupulously neat, clean, perfectly lighted, ventilated, and drained. Horses are boarded by the day, week or month, and Mr. Peoples has in his charge many valuable teams belonging to our best citizens. In the livery department he has a number of stylish carriages and handsome driving horses, and pays particular attention to orders for parties, weddings, theaters, balls, etc. He also makes a specialty of light livery rigs, and is very moderate in his charges. Careful drivers and stablemen only are employed. In the undertaking department everything is provided, including the newest apparatus for embalming, ice boxes, etc., and the facilities are such that all the resources can be utilized at the shortest notice. Funeral furnishings, coffins, caskets, etc., are kept in stock by Mr. Peoples, and calls at all hours day or night receive prompt response. He procures burial permits, takes charge of and directs the funeral cortege from the house to the cemetery. He owns a handsome hearse, and altogether he is one of the best equipped undertakers in the city. Mr. Peoples was born forty-six years ago in Tennessee, and has been a resident of St. Louis since 1869. For more than twenty years he was engaged in the general teaming business prior to taking charge of his present enterprise, in which he is aided by a first-class assistant undertaker.

120

STEINWENDER

The consumption of wines and liquors in the United States is so vast that the trade necessarily involves considerations of the greatest importance. Among the most reliable and best known houses engaged in the wholesale branch of this trade, in St. Louis, is that of Messrs. Steinwender & Sellner, importers, distillers and dealers in fine Kentucky whiskies, wines, etc., whose offices and salesrooms are eligibly situated at No. 117 S. Broadway. This prosperous business was established in 1870 by Messrs. H. A. and G. A. Steinwender and A. C. Sellner, whose trade now extends throughout all sections of Missouri, Illinois, Arkansas, Texas, Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, the West and Northwest. Their success as merchants presents a striking illustration of what may be accomplished by a steady application to business and a just and honorable course of dealing. The premises occupied comprise a spacious five-story and basement building, 30x150 feet in dimensions, and they likewise have a large amount of stock in storehouses and bonded warehouses. The assortment of foreign goods includes the finest Rhine and Moselle wines, champagnes, ports, sherries, clarets, sauternes, cognac, brandies, rums, gins, cordials, Irish and Scotch whiskies, and cased goods of every description. Guinness stout, Bass ale, etc., which commend their own superior merits to the confidence and patronage of critical and discriminating buyers. They control the product of the famous Old Oscar Pepper Distillery, in which James Crow made for many years his celebrated whisky. The process of distillation is still the same (hand-made sour mash) as employed by James Crow, and using water from the same spring only produces a whisky of equal purity and flavor. They import direct high-class claret wines from Cruse et Fils Freres, and from Barton & Guestier, and champagnes from all renowned houses of popular brands, etc. Their Kentucky and rye whiskies are noted for their purity and evenness of quality; they are entirely free from adulteration and possess a natural flavor and fine tonic properties, while they are sold under a guarantee to give satisfaction to the trade. Their wines and liquors are admirably adapted for a first-class bar and club trade. Eighteen clerks and assistants are employed in this establishment, and they also have eight traveling salesmen on the road. This is the largest and most noted house of the kind in St. Louis.

RYFFEL & ETTINGER.

For thoroughly first-class work, promptness in executing contracts and reliability, there are none among the many plumbers, gas and steam fitters in St. Louis having a higher reputation than Messrs. Ryffel & Ettinger. The business these gentlemen are now conducting was established in 1887 by Mr. Wm. Ryffei, and two years later he was joined by Mr. Ettinger. They are practical men of experience and well equipped and prepared to execute orders for work of any magnitude at the shortest notice. Sanitary work is their specialty and they give close personal attention to arranging drainage, making sewer connections and to ventilation, also to fitting up baths, sinks, closets and placing pipe in buildings for the introduction of water and gas. All work is warranted, and executed upon scientific principles, according to modern ideas. Repairing and jobbing is attended to, and estimates are furnished and when desired all materials supplied. From eighteen to twenty competent workmen are kept constantly employed, and the firm's close supervision is given to all branches of the business. The store occupied has an area of 25x40 feet, with a well-equipped workshop in the rear, every facility being provided for carrying through to completion contracts and orders without loss of time. Mr. Ryffei, who was born in Switzerland, came to St. Louis upward of twenty-five years ago. Mr. Ettinger is a native of Kansas, and has resided in the city since 1885. They are registered plumbers and gasfitters, and well and favorably known among owners of property and builders, by whom they are highly recommended. The firm carry a full stock of supplies, pipe fittings, sanitary devices, chandeliers, brackets, etc, and are doing a fine business. The office, store and workshop of the firm is at 3516 Easton avenue. Mr. Ryffei resides at 1800 Whittier street, and Mr. Ettinger at 1728 on the same street, where orders may be left. Messrs. Ryffei & Ettinger are members of the Master Plumber's Association.

ST. LOUIS WIRE

The admirable establishment of the St. Louis Wire & Iron Co. is widely known, and is highly commended for turning out superior work. The foundation of the now prosperous concern dates from 1884, when it was established by Mr. R. Tiesler. The premises occupied at No. 520 Chouteau avenue are 30x60 feet in dimensions and well adapted in every way for all purposes of the business. A large stock of iron and wire goods is kept on sale, and especial care and attention is paid to manufacturing to order fencing, railing, cresting, balconies, guards, screens, chairs, signs, and all kinds of wire netting, wire office and counter railings, elevator wire work, store and stable fixtures, etc. Contracts for work of any magnitude are entered into, and all work fully guaranteed. Experienced hands are employed, and the work turned out is finished in a superior manner. Mr. Tiesler is a native of Germany. He is a young man, and has been in St. Louis nearly all his life. He is a thorough, active business man, and justly merits the signal success he has achieved in this important industry and succeeded in building up a large and lucrative business.

121

GRAHAM & PETERS.

No house has gained for itself greater popularity in the plumbing business in St. Louis than that of Graham & Peters, at No. 615 Locust street, and when we state that the business was founded forty years ago by W. H. Thomson, and the present proprietors have had it for twenty years, little remains to be said as to their complete reliability. Their premises comprise a very handsome store 25x60, and in addition they have opened a branch establishment at No. 2904 Olive street. They have long since developed a heavy trade, coupled with widespread influential connections. The following are a few of the buildings where their work may be seen in St. Louis: The Odd Fellows building, the Equitable Life Insurance Company's building, Sixth and Locust streets, the American Central Insurance Company's building, Fifth and Locust streets; the Mercantile Library Hall building, Fifth and Locust streets; Bank of Commerce, Roe building, Fifth and Pine streets, Security building, Fourth and Locust streets; Boatman's Saving Institution, Fourth street and Washington avenue, and many of our most prominent residential buildings and business blocks. They have all the facilities at command, to execute the most extensive contracts for new work, as well as jobbing, overhauling and repairing; in fact they make a specialty of examining and testing old plumbing and house drainage and leaving the same in perfectly sanitary condition. As heating engineers and steam and gas fitters they possess every capacity for doing the most extensive work. In their store they present at all times a most desirable display of sanitary porcelain, such as baths, basins, closets, etc., and in addition an excellent stock of gasfittings and fixtures of the most approved type and customers would do well to inspect their goods before going elsewhere. Their opportunities for buying bring them in contact with the leading manufacturing houses in all these lines, and as they purchase direct they can offer goods at extraordinarily low prices. Their trade extends over all the surrounding country and the large force of men which they always employ enables them to do their work promptly and well. Mr. W. H. Graham and Mr. J. M. Peters are gentlemen of middle age, and all work done by this firm receives their direct personal supervision, and satisfaction is in every instance guaranteed.

NICHOLAS JOST.

Cork is the outer bark of the cork tree, a species of oak, and is principally obtained from Spain and Portugal, which countries supply the world with the cork of commerce. A representative and responsible house in St. Louis, actively engaged in the sale of imported and machine-cut corks, bungs and bottlers' supplies is that of Mr. Nicholas Jost, No. 105 S. Second street. This business was established in 1872 by Mr. Jost, whose trade now extends throughout all sections of Missouri and the adjacent states. He occupies a commodious four-story and basement building, 25x80 feet in dimensions. Here Mr. Jost keeps a heavy and choice stock of tapered, straight, specie or jar corks, also those required by wine merchants, brewers, bottlers, and soda water manufacturers, also bungs, and brewers' supplies, imported and domestic wine bottles, straw covers, wine bottle caps, capping and corking machines, etc. Only first-class goods are handled, and the prices quoted in all cases are exceedingly moderate. Mr. Jost was born in Germany, but has resided in St. Louis for the past fifty-two years, where he has made hosts of friends owing to his business ability and sterling integrity. During the civil war he served in the Home Guards, and was devoted to the cause of the Union. He is a popular member of the Merchants' Exchange, a Knight Templar Mason and a member of the Liederkranz, of the I. O. O. F. and Grand Lodge, and in all of these societies, as well as in private and commercial circles, he is respected and counted as one of the leading business men of the Mound City, and business relations entered into with him will prove pleasant and profitable.

CHAS. W. HOLLAND.

Among the most skilled and artistic interior decorators and painters in St. Louis appears the name of Mr. Chas. W. Holland, whose store has for the last four years been located at 209 North Ninth street, Mr. Holland has been established in the business for the last twenty years, and is thoroughly conversant with every detail of it and with the requirements of the trade. He is a man of middle age, a native of Missouri, and is thoroughly practical in his trade. His business patronage is of the very best, and includes many of the leading and most influential residents of St. Louis. His trade has always been of a progressive character, and such are the requirements of it that he finds employment for twenty skilled hands. His store is a two-story building, 30x60 feet in dimensions, and is equipped with every modern convenience for the prosecution of his business. Here he carries a full stock of every variety of paints and materials, of which it is hardly necessary to say that he only uses the best. He also undertakes all kinds of glazing and wood polishing, besides every description of sign painting. Estimates are furnished to any amount and contracts taken, and Mr. Holland gives all work his personal supervision, and more than this, he gets out all his work at the time agreed upon, where it is humanly possible to do so. His prices are very reasonable in consideration of the excellent quality of his work. Among the numerous jobs executed by him may be mentioned the painting, glazing and hardwood finishing on the fine new building of the Boatman's Bank; also that on the elegant residence of Geo. S. Meyers (Liggett & Meyers) at Glendale, Mo.; the residences of Messrs. J. E. and Hiram Liggett; the painting and hardwood finishing and glazing in the National Bank of Commerce; the grand stand and several other buildings at the fair grounds, etc.

ROBT. A. SCHLEGEL & BRO.

In the manufacure of all kinds of ornamental glass, mirrors, etc., a representative and successful firm in St. Louis is that of Messrs. Robt. A. Schlegel & Bro., whose office and factory are situated at the southeast corner of Tenth and St. Charles streets. This prosperous business was established in 1888 by the Mound City Glass Company, which was succeeded by the present firm January 1, 1890. The copartners, Messrs. Robt. A. & R. R. Schlegel, bring great practical experience to bear, coupled with an accurate knowledge of every detail of this artistic industry, and the requirements of the most exacting and critical customers. They occupy a spacious three-story brick building, 40x120 feet in area, fully supplied with modern appliances, apparatus and machinery operated by steam power. Here thirty skilled workmen are employed in the different departments, and the trade of the house extends throughout the principal cities and towns of the Southern, Southwestern and Western states. They manufacture largely all kinds of ornamental, embossed cut, stained and cathedral glass for churches, dwellings, hotels, theaters, etc.; also mirrors for the toilet, cabinet, mantel, sideboard, hallstand and bar. Special designs are furnished for all descriptions of artistic glasswork, and those wanting mirrors, etc., failing to call on this reliable firm make a great mistake. Orders are carefully filled at the lowest possible prices, and every effort is made to fully satisfy customers. Several traveling salesmen are employed, and the glasswork of this firm is unrivaled for elegance, finish and uniform excellence. Customers can furnish original designs, which will be produced in ornamental glass and without extra charge, and such designs will not be duplicated by the firm for other orders. Mr. R. A. Schlegel was formerly president, and Mr. R. R. Schlegel, secretary and treasurer of the Mound City Glass Company. They have gained an excellent reputation for skill, ability and integrity in trade circles, and their success in this artistic industry is as substantial as it is well deserved. Messrs. R. A Schlegel & Bro. are agents for the Jefferson Glass Company, manufacturers of cathedral, alligator, skylight glass, etc., Washington, Pa.

122

WM. J. LEMP'S BREWERY.

In no other city in America has the science of brewing attained such perfection as in St. Louis. This importance is not due to any one institution more than to the celebrated "Western Brewery" of Mr. Wm. J. Lemp, The business of this mammoth concern was established in 1840, when Mr. Adam Lemp, the father of the present proprietor, came from Germany, where he had been engaged in the brewing business. When Mr. Adam Lemp came to this country, his son William was but ten years of age, and as soon as he had obtained a proper education he was brought into the brewery to learn the business. Mr. Adam Lemp's brewery was located on Second street, near Elm street, and his brew of lager soon became famous in St. Louis and vicinity. In 1862 Mr. Adam Lemp died, and the present proprietor succeeded to the entire interest. So great was his success that his business soon outgrew the accomodations at Second and Elm street, and more commodious quarters were sought. The site located on three blocks of ground, bounded by Carondolet and Lemp avenue, Cherokee and Thirteenth streets, was purchased, and here Mr. Lemp erected buildings, and fitted them with all the latest improvements in machinery and appliances, making it the most perfect plant in the West. To this nucleus he has added from time to time, until today he has a huge plant, consisting of offices, bottling establishments, malthouses, ice houses, packing houses, brewery, engine and boiler houses, stables and wagon houses, and every imaginable convenience for the conduct of a business that now amounts to $4,000,000 annually, the capacity of the plant being 400,000 barrels of beer. The main building is four and five stories in height, and includes, besides the brew and malt houses, a complete bottling department, having a capacity of 100,000 bottles weekly, and in which over 5,000,000 bottles of this unrivaled beverage are put up annually for shipment to distant cities, and to meet the immense export demand. This special brew is warranted to keep in any climate, and has received the highest awards wherever exhibited, notably at the Paris Exposition of 1878, and the American Centennial at Philadelphia in 1876. Another building contains the important refrigerator machines, which have a capacity equal to 600 tons of ice daily, and which keeps the cellars at a uniform temperature of from thirty-one to thirty-two degrees at all times. The ice plant has a capacity of 150 tons in twenty-four hours, and is one of the finest in this country. These buildings have three sub-cellars, which extend to a depth of fifty feet below the surface of ground. A specialty is made of carload shipments of the keg beer in refrigerators, and from 700 to 800 carloads are sent out annually, These shipments are to all sections of this country, while, taken in connection with the bottled beer for export, the trade extends to the utmost corners of the earth, being with all sections of the United States, Canada, Mexico, British Columbia, South America, the Sandwich Islands, Australia, Europe, the West Indies, and India. The shipping yards are mammoth, covering over six entire blocks, and having unexcelled switching facilities. These are connected direct with the St. Louis and Iron Mountain railway system, and afford ready means of sending the shipments in any desired direction. The local demand for this popular beer is a great endorsement of its excellence. It requires the use of forty wagons and one hundred horses to attend to the city delivery alone! The business demands the employment of an army of skilled employees, while the demands increase with each year, necessitating the increase of facilities to meet the demands. The stock house of this concern is six and seven stories in height, and, like all the other buildings, is built of brick and is fireproof. This great plant is one of the most compact and most perfect in the world, and contains numerous features that mark the progressiveness of the proprietor and the determination to have unexcelled facilities for the pr oduction of what is the best beer made anywhere. Among these features is particularly noticeable the largest refrigerator in the world, having a capacity of 770 tons; and the two largest kettles in the West, each with a capacity 500 barrels. This great concern is one of the four breweries that are not in the combine, but is entirely the property of the private capital of Mr. Lemp, to whom the success is solely due. Mr. Lemp is a gentleman of broad culture and extensive experience, and is signally able as a business man and financier. In addition to his interests in this concern, he occupies the position of president of the Western Cable Railway, and is a director of the German Savings Bank and the Merchants' Bridge Company. His son, Mr. Wm. J. Lemp, Jr., is the manager of this business, and gives it his close personal attention. He is conversant with every detail, and is popular in financial, commercial and social circles, and is one of the leading representatives of the brewing industry of the United States, and his father is at the head of one of the best equipped breweries in St Louis.

123

HOTEL BELVEDERE.

A great city has always among its distinguishing features one which persons of all classes thoroughly understand and appreciate, namely, that of elegant and comfortable hotels. St. Louis has many excellent hotels, and one of the most noteworthy and popular is the "Hotel Belvidere," eligibly located on Washington avenue and Thirteenth street. This hotel was opened thirty years ago. In 1887 Mr. F. S. Andrews became the proprietor, under whose management it has secured a large and desirable class of patronage and is famous all over the Union. A specialty is made of catering to families and the transient trade. Mr. Andrews is a thorough hotel keeper and makes every guest comfortable, while he is one of those genial men, whose friendship is prized and hospitality is sought again and again, whenever the traveler returns to St. Louis. The hotel is a handsome four-story brick building, 125x60 feet in dimensions. It contains 150 rooms, well ventilated and elegantly appointed, and has all modern conveniences, including superior bar, cafe, handsome parlors, elevator, barber shop, electric lights and bells, while the means of escape in case of fire are perfect. The dining room seats comfortably 150 guests, and the cuisine has a high reputation among the best classes of the traveling public. The bar is fully stocked with high class wines, liquors, ales, cigars, etc., and all the delicacies of the season are to be found on the table. With all its advantages and comforts, the rates of the Hotel Belvidere are extremely moderate. Electric Cars are constantly passing the door, and the hotel is situated in the best part of the city. Mr. O. C. Berry, the clerk, has been here for the past three years, and has made hosts of friends, owing to his genial disposition and attention to the requirements of guests. Mr. Andrews is a Kentuckian by birth. He is widely known for his strict integrity, and under his careful and enterprising management the Hotel Belvedere has undoubtedly a long career of usefulness before it.

PETER WHITE BATH TUB CO.

One of the most flourishing of the newly organized companies of St. Louis is the Peter White Bath Tub Company, whose premises are located at Nos. 1439 to, 1443 N. Nineteenth street, and No. 1900 Cass avenue. Established and incorporated as recently as the 10th of February, 1891, the business already virtually covers the whole Union. Mr. White is the president, Mr. T. C. Koester, secretary, and Mr. G. E, Predock, treasurer, gentlemen of great ability, whose management is distinguished by wisdom and enterprise. Mr. White is one of our most talented inventors, and has perhaps effected more valuable improvements in plumbers' supplies than any other person in this city. His copper and zinc lined bath tubs embody every desirable feature in these household necessities. Among other productions of this house which contain improvements patented by the president, are, hip or seat and foot tubs, copper pantry sinks, copper closet pans, copper balls, plumbers' grease boxes, soil cups and torches, wall plates, and tanks of all shapes and sizes. The company also produces its own cabinet work, such as tanks, bath tub rings, etc., in any style, from the plainest to the most elaborate. Thirty skilled assistants are constantly employed, and every appliance that science and experience have approved for this interesting work, is at hand. Mr. White is a native of Ireland, but during his residence in this city, of nearly forty years, has commanded universal respect and esteem. He learned his trade here, and was for ten years prominently connected with the well-known N. O. Nelson Manufacturing Company, and this company is now making a greater portion of his inventions. He is also president and treasurer of the Peter White Sanitary Company.

THE HORNET MANTEL AND CABINET CO.

In probably no instance is artistic taste more noticeable than in the erection of hardwood mantels, stairways, etc. A representative concern engaged in the manufacture and erection of hardwood mantels, stairways, and other interior decorative work is the reliable establishment known as the Hornet Mantel and Cabinet Company, Nos. 1911 and 1913 Pine street. This company was organized and incorporated in accordance with the state laws of Missouri in 1891, having a paid-up capital of $5,000. Its officers are as follows: H. L. Pollvogt, Jr., president and treasurer; F Shatsick, vice-president; John Bauer, secretary. The premises occupied comprise a two-story brick building, 40x160 feet in dimensions, fully equipped with all the very latest improved machinery, with ample steam power, and employment is given to a full force of skilled workmen. The company carry a full assortment of the very best seasoned yellow pine, cherry, oak, ash, walnut, maple, mahogany, and other rare woods, the range of products embracing hardwood mantels in all the most artistic and beautiful designs, stairs of all sizes, shapes, and patterns, stair railings, balusters, newel posts, fancy front, parlor, drawing-room, and sliding doors, church pews, pulpits, altars, chancel rails, baptismal fonts, bank, office and store finishings. The company also deal in tiles for hearths, vestibules and wainscoting, fire brasses and brass mantel trimmings, grates and grate decorations. In their fine show and sales room may be seen a full stock of beautiful specimens of all these goods. The company has executed some of the finest work in this city, and are prepared to furnish designs and estimates, enter into contracts of any magnitude. All the officers of the company are practical men, and natives of St. Louis. This house is now engaged on the decorations and paper mache work for the new German theater, on Lucas place and Fourteenth street.

124

WELLE-BOETTLER BAKERY CO.

The extent and magnitude which many of the industries of St. Louis have attained is owing, not only to the natural growth of the city, but to the energy, enterprise and sagacity of the men who conduct them. One of the most striking illustrations of the truth of this statement is found in the Welle-Boettler Bakery Co. The foundation of this now flourishing concern dates back to the year 1874, when operations were commenced by Mr. A. F. Welle, at Twenty-second and Biddie street. He was assisted by Messrs. A. Boettler and H. Ruhe, and prosecuted the business with energy and vigor, and made it his special aim to produce only the very best quality of bread, cakes, etc., and as a consequence, the business continued to grow in importance and magnitude. In 1879 he moved to the present location, then numbering 710 and 712 Morgan street, and later admitted Messrs. Boettler and Ruhe to partnership. The growth of the business demanded more and more room every year, until at the present time it occupies the whole premises, No. 708 to 718 Morgan street, covering a space of 120x105 feet, entirely covered with a two-story building, which is being exclusively used for the business. In 1884, the present company was organized and incorporated, with a capital of $35,000, all paid up. The facilities have since been increased to double the capacity, and operations are conducted on a very extensive scale. The establishment is equipped with the very latest improved machinery and patent ovens, known to be the best in their branch. Among the various appliances are two dough machines, flour sifters and numerous other machines, which enables them to make a wholesome, nutritious and clean bread. Two gas engines of fifteen horse power each, are in use, and more than half a hundred experienced bakers and assistants are employed. The products of the bakery have a wide reputation and as a consequence, the demand is steadily increasing. They supply grocers, dealers, hotels and restaurants with every variety of bread and cakes fresh, and delivered to its patrons twice daily. Wedding cakes are made to order, and every attention is paid to customers. The business is both wholesale and retail in character, and each succeeding year is being more extended. Mr. A. F. Welle, the president of the company and founder of the business is from Germany, and came to St. Louis some twenty-four years ago. Messrs. A. Boettler, the secretary and treasurer, and H. Ruhe, the vice-president, are also from Germany, and have been in this city twenty-six and thirty years, respectively. It should be said to the credit a business which stands foremost of any in their respective branch in this city, and is indeed one of the largest establishments of its kind in St. Louis, or in fact in the West.

F. MEYROSE LAMP AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

The rapid strides made in the perfection of every description of lamps and lanterns, by the famous F. Meyrose Lamp and Manufacturing Company of this city, have elicited the closest investigation and widespread patronage of the leading dealers in the world, necessitating enlarged facilities on the part of this most enterprising firm, which is the oldest of the kind in this country. The business was established, in a small way, in 1852, by Messrs. F. Meyrose & Co. They did business as the Western Railroad Lamp and Lantern Manufacturing Company, and by close application to business and attention to every detail, soon perfected the highest grade of lamps and lanterns, and established an extra fine patronage in all sections of the country. The business developed so rapidly that it was deemed prudent to incorporate, which was done under the Missouri laws early in 1891, the capital being fixed at 100,000. Mr. F. Meyrose was elected president, and still gives the business the benefit of his long experience and personal attention. The vice-president is Mr. O. A. Stempel, and the secretary, treasurer and general manager Mr. Caleb Cherbonnier, who has, by able management of the business, added materially to its interests. The factory and warerooms are located at 731, 733 and 735 S. Fourth street, where the company owns a magnificent four story building of modern design, 90x150 feet in dimensions. This entire structure is utilized for the purposes of the business, and is equipped with all modern appliances in machinery for the turning out of the finest and latest designs in lamps, lanterns, tin and brass goods, and the patented specialties controlled by this company. They manufacture the celebrated tubular lanterns and lamps used upon all the leading railroads, rivers and lakes, also police lanterns, street lamps, students' lamps, and barn, station and kitchen lamps, together with the highest grades of conductors' lanterns. The superiority of these goods is established, and nearly all have distinctive features, making the best in the world, and most are patented, being the inventions and improvements of Mr. Meyrose, the president. They also are the sole manufacturers of the celebrated Co-operative Fire Extinguisher, built under the specifications of the St. Louis Board of Underwriters and accepted by them as a standard fire extinguisher, and in use by the Standard Oil Company and other large institutions of a similar character. This house is the leading one of the kind in this country and exerts a widespread influence all over the world. Their goods are manufactured under the personal supervision of the officers of the company and inventors of the specialties, and in addition to the most perfect machinery, they have a superior force of the most skilled workmen to be obtained in this country or Europe. They employ a force of about one hundred and twenty-five hands, and the work turned out is always perfect in design and finish. The stock is immense and includes the most artistic, unique, and aesthetic designs in brass, bronze, copper, silver, oxidized goods and fine porcelains, Bohemian and cut glass, etc. Their lanterns are the finest in the world and comprise all grades, the finest being plated in nickel and silver, and handsomely engraved. The company ships goods to all sections of the United States, Canada, Mexico, South America, Australia, and even export immense quantities to Europe. They keep a number of experienced travelers on the road and their trade is constantly increasing necessitating the enlarging of their manufacturing facilities from time to time The officers of this company are prominent in all leading social and financial circles, and the company is one of the distinctive institutions that has made St. Louis prominent in manufacture, and one that is holding o her the supremacy in the manufacturing industry in the Southwest.

125

THE MERCHANTS' LIFE ASSOCIATION.

In this age of progress it is admitted on all hands that life insurance is an absolute necessity, so that the only question is, where is the best company to secure protection for our wives and families? In this connection, we desire to make special reference in this commercial review of St. Louis to the Merchants' Life Association of the United States, whose offices are eligibly located in the Insurance building. This is a St. Louis corporation of merchants and business men and was duly incorporated in 1890 under the laws of the State of Missouri. It is a strictly mutual company, and already has over 700 members, principally in St. Louis and its vicinity, and is now extending its operations all over the United States. Already over $2,000,000 of insurance has been secured, and the invested assets now amount to $40,000, and are increasing at the rate of $5,000 per month. The following gentlemen, who are widely and favorably known in the business circles of the city for their ability, prudence and just methods, are the officers and governing committee, viz.: Hamilton Daughaday, president; Ed. Mallinckrodt, vice-president; William A. Ellis, secretary and general manager; Phillips & Stewart, attorneys; Chas. W. Bullen, treasurer; A. C. Bernays, medical director; Governing Committee — Adolphus Busch, Chas. F. Wenneker, Henry J, Meyer, C. P. Warbridge, Dwight Tredway, Hamilton Daughaday, Edward Mallinckrodt, A. C. Stewart, August Gehner, A. C. Bernays, M. D., Byron T. King, Thos. H. West, William A. Ellis, J. B. Case, James F. Ewing, Chas. F. Orthwein, David G. Evans, Richard Hospes, W. J. Kinsella, Joseph E. McGinnis, Richard W. Shapleigh, Chas. W. Barstow, David C. Ball, Jonathan Rice, Joseph T. Donovan, Rochester Ford, W. J. Anderson, Rev. Dr. S. J. Niccolls, J. P. Newell, Geo. D. Barnard, Chas. H. Gleason, E. A. Hitchcock, James F. Coyle, Wm. H. Collins, C. H. West, J. C. Roberts, Wm. Somerville, Chas. W. Bullen, Seth W. Cobb, Geo. W. Cale, Chas. H. Turner, Hugh L. Fox, Richard J. Compton, Edward S. Warner, Gaius Paddock, J. J. Wertheimer, Jas. L. Blair, S. J. Fisher, A. H. Hanlan, Jr., F. W. Biebinger. This company offers life indemnity at cost, on the safest and most economical basis, avoiding the weak features of the ordinary assessment system, and the excessive rates of the old line corporations. Its main advantage over the old line system is, that the immense income in excess of actual cost of insurance is saved to policyholders, as its rates are based on statistical average cost, and 25 per cent, additional for reserve. Its reserve, if not used for extraordinary mortality, is returnable absolutely to its contributors, on lapse of policy or at death of the insured, in addition to the insured amount, and thereby is not forfeited to surviving members or to avaricious stockholders. The Merchants' Life Association issues policies at a cost of about half that of the old line companies, while its rates are based on the average or level cost, instead of the current cost of mortality as charged under the old assessment system. Persons about to insure should patronize this responsible company, which offers advantages impossible to be duplicated elsewhere.

HOME SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION.

The advantages of the Building and Loan Association have been for a long time established, proving them the best means of securing to the investor a large return in interest and safety of the principal, and to the borrower a convenient, economical and sure means of securing a home or meeting obligations. But never has a more equitable or more liberal plan been presented to the public than that of the Home Savings and Loan Association of this city. This association was incorporated under the stringent Missouri laws, on what is known as the Permanent Building and Loan plan, in 1889, with a capital authorized at $1,000,000. The scheme is no longer an experiment, but has been proved the very best form of association ever devised. It is entirely free from any complications, the money being loaned on first mortagages, the borrower paying stock dues, interest and premiums each month. The strong feature of the "Home" is that there are no forfeitures. If the stock is cancelled, the withdrawal value is absolutely non-forfeitable. The withdrawal value after six months is the full book value. Dividends are declared each January and July at the rate of 10 per cent, per annum. The president is J. R. Hoff; vice-president, Henry Kortjohn; secretary and treasurer, Geo. B. Frye and manager, Theo. D. Wannfried. The regular depositaries are the Mechanic's Bank, German American Bank and National Bank of the Republic. The business of the association has developed phenomenally. This association is destined to become the leading one in this section and should be patronized by every careful, conservative, business man and home seeker. Attention is especially invited to the fully paid stock of the "Home" on which cash dividends are paid semi-annually. On class "A" or half paid stock, the dividend is credited semi-annually and is compounded. On convertible receipts the association agrees to pay interest each January and July, at the rate of 6 per cent, per annum and pays the same per cent, for each calendar month whenever these receipts are cancelled. The offices at 1,000 Chestnut street are conveniently located and any desired information relative to the business may be obtained there.

WEST END GROCERY.

When it is considered that most people who purchase groceries have to depend upon the statements of those with whom they deal, the advantages of patronizing experienced men of unquestioned reputation and long experience in the business will readily be perceived. Among such we desire to mention E. Bates Eno, secretary and treasurer of the E. B. Eno & Co. Brokerage Company, commission merchants, whose headquarters are at 503 Chamber of Commerce. Several months ago this concern opened a handsome establishment at 3340 Lucas avenue, an aristocratic neighborhood, and have since built up a splendid business. The establishment is known as the West End Grocery and in its fittings and appointments is one of the most perfect and complete in the city. It is 20x75 feet in area, the floor is marble tiled and all the surroundings are in keeping with the character of the business. The stock is all new, was bought direct from the leading importers and manufacturers and is pure, fresh and fully warranted in every respect as represented. The goods have been selected with unusual care expressly for a first-class custom and the system of selling every article at a small profit, but of a superior quality, which has been the ruling principle of the house from its foundation and has given it a wide popularity and as a consequence trade is active and brisk. Everything in the line of imported domestic staple and fancy groceries and family supplies is kept in stock, a specialty being made of new crop China and Japan teas, fragrant coffees from Mocha, Java, and South America, pure spices from the tropics, and all the leading and most popular brands of family and pastry flour, hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, green and dried fruits of all kinds, table luxuries, condiments, preserves, jams, jellies, country supplies, etc., also prime creamery butter and cheese, breakfast bacon, sugar cured ham, selected salt fish and meats. Some half dozen assistants who understand their business are always in attendance and orders are filled and delivered at short notice. Delivery teams are in service and about the establishment thorough order and system prevail. Mr. E. Bates Eno is in charge of the business. The patronage comes from the very best class of the community and that the efforts put forth by the company to please are appreciated is shown by the splendid business that has rewarded their exertions. The store without exception is the handsomest in this section of the city, business is active and the outlook for the future is indeed very cheering. Telephone call 2545.

126

PLATT

The representative and oldest established concern in St. Louis, extensively engaged in the manufacture of paints, colors, etc., is that known as the Platt & Thornburgh Paint & Glass Co., whose offices and salesrooms are located at 620 Franklin avenue. The company's warehouse and factory are at 816-818 N. Seventh street This prosperous business was established tin 1846 by Mr. H. S Platt, who was succeeded in 1860 by the firm of Messrs Platt & Thornburgh. Eventually in 1880 the present company was organized under the laws of Missouri with a paid-up capital of $200,000, its executive officers being Mr. W. H. Thornburgh, president, Mr. P. C. Platt, vice-president, and Mr. H. Boardman, secretary. Messrs. P. C. Platt and W. H. Thornburgh are the sons of the founders, and have been identified with this business from boyhood. The premises occupied for salesrooms, etc., comprise a spacious four-story building, 27x120 feet in area, while the factory is a large five-story structure. Here they keep an immense well-selected and choice stock of paints, oils, colors and window glass. They are manufacturers of the celebrated Occidental Wall Finish, Superior Oil Furniture Polish, pure ready-mixed house paints, Occidental ready-mixed carriage colors, Occidental liquid slating for blackboards; and they are also agents for Whiting's brushes. Masury's colors in oil and japan, Masury's railroad colors and varnishes, Phoenix japan tins, Wheeler's wood filler, Shepard's Paragon coach varnish, Harland's English varnish, Pratt & Lambert's varnish. They likewise deal largely in window, plate, skylight and colored glass, Le Page's liquid glue, Southern & Co.'s white and red lead, Lucas prepared paints, Moser & Co's tube colors, Burrill's improved paint mills, American varnishes in bulk, Valentine's varnishes, Lawson's varnishes, Parrot's varnishes, Brooks & Co.'s varnishes,, West dressing, Berry Bros.' hard oil finish, etc., and all other goods used by painters. Only the best brands of goods are handled, and the qualities of all goods are warranted to be exactly as represented. Orders are filled with care and dispatch at the lowest possible prices, and the trade of the company, which is steadily increasing, extends throughout all sections of the Middle, Southern, Southwestern and Western states. From the commencement of its business this house determined to handle and manufacture only first-class goods, and has never wavered from that policy, and the result is that its goods are general favorites with painters wherever introduced. Their sales for the past year were over $500,000. The officers are honorable and energetic business men, who conduct their establishment according to modern ideas, and everything about it betokens thorough system and good practical management. They issue annually a superior and concise catalogue and price list, which is forwarded promptly to the trade upon application.

J. GUERDAN

The drug business of Mr. J, Guerdan & Co. on Garrison avenue and Olive street, has been established about five years, and the ability and skill of Mr. Guerdan as a pharmacist has recommended him so favorably that he now commands a most satisfactory patronage. The premises comprise a store and laboratory, 20x40 feet, and are thoroughly stocked with all the latest patent medicines, pharmaceutical preparations, toilet articles, physicians' and surgeons' supplies, brushes, perfumes, rubber goods, sponges, cigars, etc., while the pharmacy in the rear is provided with everything to guard against error, and mistakes are never made. The store is fitted up in excellent style with large glass showcases, handsome marble floor and counters and every modern appliance, the most attractive object being a handsome soda fountain, one of the most costly and beautiful in the city. The stock is large and complete, and of the highest class of goods. Special attention is given to the compounding of physicians' prescriptions, which is carefully done under his own personal supervision, the greatest care being taken to insure accuracy. Mr. Guerdan is a registered pharmacist and a competent analytical chemist, and has an established reputation of the highest order as an expert. He manufactures his own tinctures, extracts, lotions, etc., also local remedies, which are also recommended as being very meritorious; and we mention them with pleasure, hoping some of our readers may derive benefit from the knowledge of them gained through this medium. Mr. Guerdan is making a great success, and his ability and skill are fully appreciated by his friends and many patrons, who hold him in the highest esteem, and business relations twice entered in with him is sure to prove profitable and remunerative to both.

127

KALTWASSER

There is no better example of development from close application and upright business methods, than that achieved by Messrs. Kaltwasser & Barutio, the well-known dealers in carpets, wallpaper, etc., whose business has increased one hundred fold since its establishment in 1885. These gentlemen conduct their business in the elegant establishment at No. 1824 and 1826 S. Broadway. The premises are 30x100 feet in dimensions, and consist of an elegant three-story and basement brick building, the whole of which is utilized for the large and constantly increasing demands of the business. The first floor of this elegant building is used for their superior displays of carpets, oilcloths, linoleums, etc. The second floor contains one of the finest selections of wallpapers in the city, consisting of all the latest designs and importations in wall papers, dados, friezes, extensions, borders, etc., the styles and novelties being equal to those displayed in the largest and finest stores in America; here they also have lace curtains and portieres The third floor contains the reserve stock and is used in part as a workroom, where carpets are made, etc. The basement is used for storage of oilcloths and other heavy goods. This development all has been achieved in a phenomenally short time, and from small beginnings, where only 600 feet of space, they now have over 1,300 feet to occupy. Their business has doubled every year and is wholly due to their most honorable dealing and high abilities, Louis Kaltwasser is a native of this city, and a young man of high standing in business and social circles. He is Great Chief of Records of State of Missouri of Improved Order of Red Men, also a member of the Royal Arcanum and Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, also A. O. U W. and Select Knights and of the Local Legion of Honor, member of the I. O. O. F. Mr. Kaltwasser fills the position of president of the Concordia Loan and Building Association of St. Louis, and is connected with many other societies and associations Mr. Barutio has been a resident of this city, since 1848. They employ fifteen skilled hands and have patrons in all sections of the city and contiguous territory.

GEO. N. TRUESDALE & CO.

The real estate house of Geo. N. Truesdale & Co. has become recognized as one of the most important in the city. Mr. Truesdale began this business five years ago, and has met with pronounced success ever since the first. He was formerly engaged in the glass manufacturing business, and is well known to the business men of St. Louis as an experienced, capable and conservative man of business. He does a general real estate business, loans money on real estate security, collects rents for residents and non-residents, making this a specialty. He also buys, sells, or exchanges houses and lots in all sections of the city. He is thoroughly posted on values and is a competent appraiser. He is the secretary of the "Clerks' and Mechanics' Building and Loan Association," and the "Citizens' Mutual Building and Loan Association," both societies having large capital and numerous members. Mr. Truesdale's office is located at No. 1:07 Chestnut street, and is eligibly situated for the conducting of this business. It is on the ground floor of a three-story brick building, and is in the central business section, being fitted with first-class maps, safes, etc. Mr. Truesdale does a large business, having a superior clientage. He employs five clerks and salesmen, who give the details the closest possible attention and who are ever ready to do any thing that will be of advantage to his clients. Mr. Truesdale is a native of New York, and has lived in St. Louis for the past twenty-five years. He is a prominent Mason and Knight Templar, and is recognized as one of the foremost business men in trade and financial circles and has succeeded in building up a trade that is now bringing him a handsome income, and which has been done on the basis of courteous and honorable treatment of his customers.

W. W. DAVIS & GEO. W. CHAMBERS.

The rapid growth of wealth and increase of culture and refinement throughout social circles in the United States have created an ever increasing demand for the artistic and beautiful in the furniture, decorations and surroundings of the house, store, church and public building. In this connection, we desire to refer specially to the representative St. Louis firm of Messrs. W. W. Davis & Geo. W. Chambers, located at 1534 Olive street, who have manifested great ability and skill in frescoing and in the production of stained glass, memorial windows, altar pieces and interior decorations of all kinds. This prosperous business was established five years ago by Messrs. Stoddard & Davis, who conducted it till July 10th, 1891, when on the retirement of Mr. Stoddard Mr. Geo. W. Chambers became a partner. They are thoroughly expert and practical designers and decorators of artistic interiors, and possess the happy faculty of blending colors and shades, so as to produce a harmonious and beautiful effect. The premises occupied comprise a spacious ground floor and basement, fully equipped with every convenience and facility. They have also on hand many fine curios from China, Japan, France, Italy, Great Britain, etc., embroideries on silks, antique tapestries, bric-a-brac and antique furniture, such as Henry II chairs, etc., some of these being over 400 years old. Skilled artists are employed painting tapestries for ceilings, and walls of residences, and first-class workmen for frescoing and interior decorations. They also produce special designs for stained glass, memorial windows, altar pieces, draperies, etc., and turn out work that is unrivaled for beauty and workmanship. Here can be seen a beautiful French walnut cabinet, an exact reproduction from the Gothic Moresque original, splendidly carved and over 400 years old, undoubtedly one of the most unique pieces of ancient furniture extant, and one which was secured by Mr. Chambers in Paris. Mr. Davis was born in Pennsylvania, but has resided in St. Louis many years, while Mr. Chambers is a native of this city. Mr. Chambers has been many years in Europe, and was a pupil of the Beaux Arts, where he studied art. On his return he was made a professor in the St. Louis Art School. He subsequently organized the Art School at Nashville, Tenn., where he filled the position as director for over five years. Some of the firm's recent, and perhaps the most successful work, both in glass and interior decoration, may be found in the house of Mr. W. L. Huse, in Westmoreland Place, which they have decorated throughout in oil frescoing, the reception hall being done in tapestry, the design of which is taken from antique originals. The reputation of this work has attracted to the house many visitors, who have universally expressed their admiration of the same. The glass work on the hall of this house is unusually distinguished for the refinement of color and purity of design, and is conceded by competent judges to be a wonderful piece of workmanship.

128

K. C. BLOOD & CO.

Among the most popular and reliable firms in the real estate business of St. Louis is that of Messrs. K. C. Blood & Co., whose office is centrally located at room 509 Fagin building. This business was founded in 1888 by K. C. Blood, who has already secured a liberal and influential patronage. The members of the firm are K. C. Blood and S. W. Gay, whose extensive acquaintance and well-known integrity and business ability have placed them in the front rank of the business firms of St. Louis. As real estate and financial agents, K. C. Blood & Co. buy and sell promptly on commission, houses, stores and lots, collects rents and pays taxes for absentees and others, and effect insurance in first-class companies at lowest rates. A specialty is made of the negotiation of loans on bond and mortgage, and they are recognized authorities on the present and prospective values of the residential and business property of St. Louis and its vicinity. They have at all times upon their books descriptions of eligible lots, houses, etc., so varied as to location and price as to suit all classes of investors. The management of estates is another special feature of this business, in fact they cover every department in an efficient, reliable and honorable manner. Messrs. K. C. Blood & Co. act as secretaries for the Common Sense and Success Building and Loan Associations of this city. These associations are positively the strongest of the kind in the state, having each a capital stock of $600,000 divided into 2,000 shares of $300 each. Economy, and not extravagance, is the basis of these popular and substantial corporations, while borrowers are only required to pay four per cent interest on the amount borrowed, $1 per month for each share. Money paid in by shareholders can be withdrawn after a certain time without loss or inconvenience. Any member may borrow to build by making his first payment, if his lot is clear, while, if you own no real estate, you can buy a house and lot from the association by paying one year's dues in advance. The secretaries and treasurers of these associations are under an ironclad bond for the faithful performance of their duties. The borrower always secures these associations by a first deed of trust on real estate, so no safer or better place can be found where all classes can deposit their savings. All the officers of these associations are widely known in the business circles of St. Louis for their executive ability, prudence and just methods. Those interested in securing homes should call on or write the above.

F. L. BLOCK.

Among the practical paperhangers who have achieved distinction and deservedly won a substantial and influential patronage is Mr. F. L. Block. Mr. Block was born in Germany and came to St. Louis in 1859. In 1861 he enlisted in the 2d Missouri Artillery Volunteers and served until honorably discharged in 1863. He has had a thorough training in his trade, and has witnessed the great improvements in wallpapers for more than a quarter of a century, establishing himself in business in 1865 at Broadway and Chambers streets, eventually in 1886 removing to his present eligible location, No. 2713 N. Fourteenth street. His store has an area of 21x70 feet, is very tastefully and attractively fitted up and arranged, and is stocked to repletion with as fine and varied assortment as can be found in the city of wallpapers that are veritable works of art. These papers represent the latest productions of foreign and domestic manufacturers. The stock also includes the choicest productions in dados, friezes, borders, centerpieces, etc., illustrative of the latest designs in beautiful figure and flower patterns, and in every variety of color and shade. A fine display is also made of window shades, floor oilcloth, picture frames, weather strips, etc. Mr. Block gives special attention to interior decorations, and as a paperhanger is highly indorsed and recommended for the skill and good taste he displays in his work Two experienced hands are employed, and all orders are promptly carried out to the entire satisfaction of customers. He is a member of F. P. Blair Post, No. I, G. A. R.

J. A. PRACHT.

Among the well-known able representatives of the printers' art in the city is Mr. J. A. Pracht, whose well-appointed establishment is on the third floor of the building, No. 720 Olive street. Mr. Pracht established his present business in March, 1891, after having had years of experience in this line, and has become justly celebrated for the superiority of his world, and, as a consequence, built up a first-class, permanent patronage. He occupies two rooms, 20x35 feet in dimensions, which are well fitted up with modern presses and all appliances and conveniences for executing fine mercantile printing and general job work. A specialty is made of bronze work, and this house executes some of the finest work in this particular line done in the country. Mr. Pracht is a native of Quincy, Ill., and has resided in St. Louis for the past sixteen year. Close attention to the wishes of his patrons, and efficient service is the motto of his establishment and the strict observance of the same has enabled him to hold his customers from the first. He takes pleasure in furnishing estimates for any kind or style of printing on application. Mr. Pracht is a young man of good business capacity, highly honored and esteemed by all who know him in business and social circles. He is also a very prominent member of the American Fraternal Circle.

TERRY BROS.

The development of the real estate market of St. Louis during recent years has been on an extensive scale, and is chiefly due to the intelligent efforts and honorable policy of our leading and representative agents and brokers. Prominent among these is the favorably known firm of Messrs. Terry Brothers, whose office is eligibly located at No. 613 Chestnut street. The copartners, Messrs. A. O. and T. F. Terry, established this business three years ago, and already have secured a liberal and influential connection, including among their clients many of our leading capitalists, operators and investors in realty. They laid out Terry place, a beautiful tract of land between Taylor avenue and Cova place, two blocks north of Easton avenue, consisting of over 3,000 feet front, which was laid out in 1889 with full improvements. In this place alone over fifty good dwellings are built and occupied by the owners of them. They also laid out Florida place, containing 3,400 feet front in September, 1890, since which time thirty good substantial houses have been erected thereon and single lots are selling at from $25 to $38 per foot front. Also Cottage place with 1,000 feet front, where thirteen brick dwellings have been put up. Cottage place was platted for subdivision in 1890, all houses built are exclusively owned and occupied by parties able and willing to put $4,000 or over in a dwelling. These subdivisions have been so rapidly taken up and developed that the Messrs. Terry Brothers have yet to record the instance where they have built a house that has not been sold before they were able to complete it. They have erected from 100 to 150 residences in these subdivisions, which are conceded to be some of the most desirable residence portions of the city of St. Louis. They are recognized as accurate authorities on the values of real estate in all sections of the city and its vicinity, so that the utmost reliance can be placed upon their judgment and advice by intending investors. The firm transacts a general real estate business, buying, selling, exchanging and renting. They also negotiate loans promptly on bond and first mortgage, take entire management of estates, handle property for non-residents and likewise effect insurance at lowest rates in first-class companies. Messrs. Terry Brothers represent the Elaine & Starling Building and Loan Associations, while Mr. A. O. Terry being an attorney is fully qualified to attend to all legal points connected with the business, he having practiced law in this city six years. They are natives, of Illinois and for several years were engaged extensively in the mining and cattle business. Both partners are highly esteemed in financial and business circles for their integrity, and are especially fitted for conducting an extensive real estate enterprise and making it a success and credit to their ability.

129

HECKEL HARDWARE CO.

Perhaps the most important of the hardware houses of St. Louis is that of the Heckel Hardware Co., who carry an immense stock in their palatial store, at 412 N. Twelfth street The house was incorporated five years ago with ample capital, its officers being Messrs. Geo. P. Heckel, president; C. Fattmann Jr., vice-president and treasurer and H. A. Lueking, secretary. The building is a magnificent five-story brick, 30x110 feet in dimensions, recently erected by the company solely for their trade. It is lighted with electric light, is supplied with elevators to each floor and an electric motor, and is altogether one of the most splendidly fitted up business establishments in St. Louis. The first floor contains the retail department and shipping room, and is presided over by Mr. Fattmann. The second is devoted to cutlery, sporting goods, the sample room, the buyers' department, and general offices; the order department is on the third, while the fourth and fifth contain the farming and heavy tools, such as shovels, spades, etc. They also fill a large warehouse outside with their surplus stock, and as regards facilities for the storage, display and rapid handling of goods their premises are unexcelled by any in the West. Everything that can be legitimately classed under the general heading of hardware and cutlery is to be found here in profusion. They make a specialty of builders' hardware, such as locks, knobs, hinges, etc., and are the general agents for the great renowned Corbin's locks, which embody so many desirable and novel features. They also carry the following well-known goods, and represent the makers throughout the whole of the Southwest: Messrs. Miller Bros.' pocket knives; Richardson's saws; the Hamilton wire cloth; the Howe patent metallic frame window screens, and are the sole proprietors of the "Pioneer" and "Our Best" brands of cutlery and edge tools. The trade extends everywhere throughout the South and West, requiring the constant services of a full staff of experienced traveling salesmen, besides thirty indoor assistants. The officers are all well known in the commercial circles of the city, and hold; eminent and honorable positions, as merchants and as citizens.

L. & J. BOECKMANN.

For the past six years Messrs. L. & J. Boeckmann have conducted a most enterprising and successful business, as dealers in staple and fancy groceries, in this section of the city, their store being conveniently located on the northeast corner of Ninth and Mound streets, and having dimensions of 25x70 feet. They carry a very large and select stock of the finest teas, coffees spices, flour, butter, etc., which they sell at the very lowest cash prices, being able to compete with the leading houses in the trade, both in this respect and with regard to the quality of their goods. A long experience has brought them into contact with the best means and sources of supply, and as a result their stock is always fresh and constantly kept replenished. Their two teams enable them to give free delivery at short notice to any part of the city, and as well as to call daily for family orders. They employ a full force of salesmen to attend to the customers and to fill daily family orders, without any delay, and the close attention which they themselves devote to their business, and the unfailing dependence which may at all times be placed on them have been the means of their building up a most desirable class of trade; indeed, they are recognized by wholesale men generally as reliable and pushing merchants. Messrs. Boeckmann are brothers, and natives of Germany, and both young men. They have been in St. Louis for the past fifteen years, having been brought over here when boys.

CHAS. WUNDERLICH & SON.

The secondary industries of St. Louis are growing to such dimensions that they require many large firms and a small army of men to meet the demand. This is especially true of that which passes under the general title of cooperage. Messrs. Chas. Wunderlich & Son, are prominent representatives in this line, both on account of their historical identification with the rise and progress of the industry, and because of the success which they have achieved. Mr. Wunderlich, Sr., founded the business thirty years ago, and has conducted it, upon sound and honorable principles, to its present enviable position. He admitted his son Charles to the partnership in 1889, and has reaped the benefit of his practical aid in the onerous duties of management. The premises at No. 2212 N. Ninth street, are spacious and admirably adapted as regards position, arrangement and facilities for the required purpose. They consist of a large shop, two stories in height, 75x125 feet in dimensions, and yard, with ample storage accommodation, and every convenience for the rapid handling of stock. The recent expansion of the trade, has however, compelled the firm to seek additional accommodation; which was secured on Monroe street between Ninth and Broadway, where a flourishing branch is conducted, having all the necessary facilities for manufacture and storage. The capacity has thus been increased to no less than 600 barrels a day, and even now the greatest difficulty is often experienced in coping with the influx of orders. Forty skilled coopers and five extra hands are constantly employed, and in every detail of the manufacture, only the best methods are followed. Great care is exercised in the selection of material, the practical proprietors giving special attention to this department, and no expense nor pains are spared to turn out finished articles of the highest merit and quality. Their slack and flour barrels are in, great demand, not only in the city, but everywhere throughout, the South and Southwest. They also carry a large assortment of cooper's stock, making a specialty of shaved hoops, and they afford great inducements to the trade, both as regards quality and price. Mr. Wunderlich, Sr., is a German by birth, while his son was born here, and both have long enjoyed the respect of a wide circle in all classes of the community.

130

NORMAN BROWN.

St. Louis is a recognized center of the trade in such staple lines as hides, leather and tallow, both for export and for home consumption, and among the leading houses devoted to this branch of commerce is to be mentioned that of Mr. Norman Brown, whose warehouses are so centrally located on the corner of Washington avenue and Commercial street. It is an old-established concern, having been founded twenty-five years ago by Mr. Brown, and which has achieved an enviable reputation for enterprise and integrity. This gentleman brings ample experience and resources to bear, and is noted throughout the trade for handling the best and most selected stock in the market, especially in the branch of green hides. He receives large consignments of these from Texas, Kansas, Arkansas, Nebraska, Missouri and Illinois, handling as many as 100,000 per annum, and shipping and exporting to all parts, his influential and widespread connections enabling him to effect the most successful sales. He also transacts a large commission business in wool, fur, feathers, etc., offering liberal inducements to producers, and making prompt and accurate returns, which invariably give entire satisfaction. The premises consist of a spacious and convenient four-story brick building with basement 50x100 feet in dimensions, the lower part of which contains his large stock of hides, representing in value between $40,000 and $50 000, besides tallow, while the upper portion is devoted to wool, furs, leather, feathers, etc. His annual sales amount to upward of $1,500,000, those in hides and tallow each furnishing one-third of this enormous total. Mr. Brown was born in Grantsville, Md., but came to this city when quite a young man. He is the vice-president of the St. Louis Melting Company, an honored member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, an active Freemason of the thirty-second degree, and is spoken of as possessing excellent judgment, superior executive abilities, and great probity and integrity.

J. F. SCHMITT.

One of the finest jewelry establishments in South St. Louis is that of Mr. J. F. Schmitt, No. 1500 S. Broadway. This business was established in 1881 at No. 1406 of this same thoroughfare, and was removed to its present location in 1887 by Mr. Schmitt, who is a practical and skillful watchmaker and jeweler, who has built up a liberal and permanent patronage with the best classes in this vicinity. He occupies a commodious store, 17x65 feet in area, which is in every way a model, both as to furniture, decorations and arrangement. Here is always carried a heavy, reliable and judiciously selected stock of jewelry, diamonds, watches, clocks, sterling silverware, gold pens, canes, silk umbrellas, opera glasses, gold, silver and steel spectacles, etc. He makes a specialty of the finest American watches, in gold, silver, plain and ornamental, adapted to all pockets and all requirements. In solid gold jewelry also, the stock includes sets, half sets and quarter sets, and single articles, including a superior line of rings, earrings, pins, brooches, necklaces, bracelets, chains and lace pins. In precious stones Mr. Schmitt has a fine assortment of diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, pearls, opals, turquoise, etc. Repairing of fine watches and jewelry is a specialty, the work being at all times intrusted only to first-class workmen. The store has a very attractive appearance from the outside also, there being a large clock mounted upon a pillar sixteen feet in height, which furnishes correct city time, and is, we believe, the only one of the kind on S. Broadway. Mr. Schmitt is a native of St. Louis, a young man and active in all circles. He is a member of the Missouri Jewelers Association, and was at one time its secretary, member of the American Legion of Honor and is an honorable and able business man, who has ever made it a rule to satisfy every customer by giving a good dollar's worth for a dollar.

WITTE HARDWARE COMPANY.

St. Louis possesses no more enterprising or progressive firm than the Witte Hardware Company, in this staple branch of industry. It dates back to the early days of the city, namely, the year 1840, and its record from that time to this has been a most successful one. The founders were Messrs. F. E. Schmieding & Co., who were succeeded in 1871 by Mr. F. A. Witte, a partner being admitted two years later, and in 1881, the business was incorporated under the laws of the State of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $150,000, Mr. Otto H. Witte being president and treasurer, and Mr. R. D'Oench, secretary. In every respect this company is progressive and responsible, while its officers are popular and respected. The premises at No. 704 and 706 N. Third street, consist of a splendid four-story building with basement, 60x155 feet in dimensions, every inch being required for the accommodation and display of the enormous stock always carried. Elevators and every modern convenience are at hand, while the interior fittings and arrangement are first-class in every respect. The warehouse is located on Collins street, extending through to Second street, and affords a large amount of floor space, while two stories of the adjoining building have had to be rented, so great has been the demand for accommodation. Seventy-five indoor assistants are constantly employed, and a score of traveling salesmen cover the whole of that immense territory stretching from Ohio to the Rocky mountains, and from the lakes to the gulf. The stock consists of all the goods which are staple to this indispensable line, including the best productions of foreign and domestic houses, while the leading specialty is one which has made them famous in all the great lumbering sections of the country, namely, the IXL axes and edge tools. A large department is devoted to guns, pistols and ammunition, this firm being the southwestern representatives of the famous American Powder Mills of Boston. They are members of the St. Louis Merchants' Exchange, and conduct a business whose annual value amounts to the imposing sum of $1,500,000, and which can show a surplus of no less than $50,000. Mr. Witte is a native of Germany, but a thorough American in ideas, training, and enterprise. Mr. D'Oench was born here, and has been connected with the company for the past thirteen years, and has done his share of bringing to the company the large and lucrative patronage it now has.

131

HALL'S SAFE AND LOCK CO.

This famous company deserves the lasting regard of every business man, and should be looked upon with pride by all patriotic citizens. They have perfected the manufacture of safes and locks to such a degree, that it is extremely unlikely that improvements on these lines can go much farther. It is their proud boast that there has not been a single instance recorded in which their safes were destroyed by fire, or opened by burglars. This being so, we need not be surprised that they are the largest manufacturers in the United States, employing at their headquarters at Cincinnati, upward of 1,200 hands, among whom are many of the most skillful and ingenious locksmiths in the world. This company has, during the forty-six years of its existence, held the highest of reputations, and commands the patronage of the leading corporations, business houses, etc., in the Union. Mr. E. C. Hall is the president; Mr. Wm. H. Hall, vice-president, and Mr. R. T. Pullen, secretary, gentleman who are known and respected throughout the length and breadth of the land. The St. Louis branch of this renowned establishment is located at Nos. 408 and 410 N. Third street, from which the trade extends over Southern Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Texas, New Mexico, Utah and Mexico. Mr. Chas. W. Riegel is the manager, and is widely known for his expert knowledge and experience in the business, and for his unquestioned integrity and reliability. He carries an immense stock in his fine premises, of safes of all sizes, from the smallest pattern for office use, to the heavy bank and jewelers' safes, and also of those marvels of ingenuity and mechanism, the combination time and automatic locks. These are acknowledged by even burglars themselves to be the only ones that it is absolutely impossible to pick. The branches of this national house are located in every important center between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and from the lakes to the Gulf.

CHAPLINE BROS.

Among the recently established pharmacies in St. Louis there are probably none that have been so successful as that of the Chapline Bros., located at the northeast corner of Seventh and O'Fallon streets. The business was established in June, 1890, since when a splendid patronage has been secured and the store became widely known as one of the most reliable and best conducted of the city in which it is situated. All the stock of drugs and medicines is new, pure and fresh, and has been carefully selected, also the pharmaceuticals, proprietary remedies, and the toilet and fancy articles, perfumes, surgical appliances and supplies for the sick room. Everything that belongs to the business can always be found here at popular prices, and every care and attention is paid to patrons. The general management of the business devolves upon Mr. J. G. Chapline, an experienced, practical prescription druggist, and a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. He is well versed in all the details of the profession, and gives his personal attention to compounding physician's prescriptions and family recipes. He is careful, prompt and accurate, and uses only such drugs and chemicals as are pure and fresh, and of the highest standard quality. Mr. J. G. and Mr. C. G. Chapline, the brothers and copartners, are both young men. The former is a native of Missouri, and the latter of Kentucky, and at the present time is engaged in business as a contractor. The store, which is 25x50 feet in area, is neatly fitted up in modern style, is complete in all its appointments, well arranged and admirably adapted in every way for all purposes of the business. Prescriptions are filled and medicines dispensed at all hours, and the business, now already large, is steadily growing in volume each succeeding year.

PETERS' DRY GOODS AND CLOTHING CO.

The prominent position occupied by St. Louis among the commercial centers of the country, in the lines of dry goods and clothing, reflects the utmost credit upon her leading merchants. One of these is the Peters' Dry Goods and Clothing Co., who hold a thoroughly representative position. The officers, Messrs. F. W., F. H., and Louis Peters, who are president, vice-president and secretary, respectively, rank among our most enterprising merchants. For a quarter of a century this house has been reputed for its superior stock, its introduction of the most fashionable novelties, and its reasonable prices. Two fine stores are occupied in a magnificent block on the corner of N. Fourteenth and Warren streets, 80x110 feet in dimensions, erected by them ten years ago. Here they employ twenty hands in the various departments, and three expert cutters, besides forty tailors outside. The immense space at their command is every inch utilized to the best advantage, and their enormous stock contains all the new lines of dress fabrics in all shades and textures, and every description of goods which comes under this category. The ready-made clothing department contains garments of the finest quality, including those made up from the best foreign cloths, cassimeres, suitings, etc., which display the latest styles. Merchant tailoring is also a prominent feature of the business, and no pains are spared to suit the most fastidious, both as regards artistic cutting and perfect fit. The company was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, in March, 1889, with a capital of $70,000, and commands an enviable patronage. The officers are all natives of Germany, who have resided here for many years, and have won an enduring fame in their branch of trade. Two sons of the president and vice-president respectively, are also interested in the concern, and have introduced several valuable innovations which have materially assisted in the transaction of business.

FAIRBANKS, MORSE & CO.

There are very few older established, and certainly no more widely and favorably known industrial concerns the world over than that of Messrs. E. & T. Fairbanks & Co., the great scale manufacturers of St. Johnsbury, Vt., whose St. Louis house, conducted under the firm style of Fairbanks, Morse & Co., occupies the premises No. 302 and 304 Washington avenue, and warehouse and repair shop, Second and Brooklyn. The productions of this remarkable house are to be found on every part of the civilized globe, and positively hold the lead of the market wherever introduced. The history of the house, from its foundation in 1830, in a modest and unpretentious way on the Sleepers river in the Green Mountain state, would be not only a tedious undertaking, but the story has been so often told, and is so familiar to all acquainted with the annals of the scale making industry that to attempt its amplification were indeed a work of supererogation. Consequently, we shall content ourselves, as this work treats mainly of the industry of to-day, with a simple recapitulation of statistics and figures. To-day the modest venture of Erastus and Thaddeus Fairbanks is represented by a colossal corporation, the largest of its type in the universe, turning out, irrespective of other mechanical contrivances, no less than 2,000 finished scales weekly, and furnishing constant employment to upward of 1,000 skilled operatives. The St. Louis branch is also a corporate organization (apart from the Eastern house), and is capitalized at $1,000,000, and officered as follows: President, C. H. Morse; secretary, W. A. Miller; treasurer, C. A. Sharpe; vice-president, W. P. Fairbanks. The premises here occupied comprise a commodious four-story and basement brick building, 50x150 feet in area, with immense warehouse at Second and Brooklyn streets. This being the chief house west of Chicago, and from which is controlled the Missouri, Arkansas, Southern Illinois, Indian Territory and Texas business, it may be imagined the stock is a colossal one, and these interests are most ably looked after in St. Louis by Mr. H. C. McClary, as general manager, whose twenty-four years service with the company eminently fits him for that responsible office. To expatiate on the merits of the Fairbanks scales would be superflous. Suffice it to say that the aim of the company has been to achieve the reputation of making the best scale in the world. This house is likewise selling agency for the celebrated Eclipse windmills and tanks, steam engines, the Hancock inspirator, Smith Vaile single, duplex and compound steam pumps, Rice automatic engine, also trucks, letter presses, coffee mills and grocers' general fixtures.

132

LEWIS A. J. LIPPELT.

The real estate interests of St. Louis have latterly assumed proportions of magnitude and unquestionably represent one of the most important features of financial security and strength of the city. No form of investment has of late years become so popular with the conservative public as judiciously selected real estate, for not only is a permanent source of income assured, but there is always a reasonable certainty of prospective increase in value. Among those in the city prominent as real estate operators is Mr. Lewis A. J. Lippelt, whose office is room 7 in the building, No. 620 Chestnut street. Mr. Lippelt has had considerable experience handling and dealing in realty and his sound judgment and judicial advice can always be relied on. He attends to orders for the purchase, sale and exchange of houses, lands, and city and suburban property of every description, manages estates, takes charge of property of resident and non-resident owners, secures good tenants, pays taxes, collects rents, and is fully competent to advise owners as to the best modes of developing their properties in the most economical manner. Pie makes a specialty of handling suburban property and always has splendid opportunities to offer those seeking investments. Through his close, intimate business connection with capitalists he is enabled to negotiate loans to any amount on real estate and all first-class collateral at the lowest rates and as an upright, honorable, reliable business man has always enjoyed the unbounded confidence of the public. Conveyance receives his attention and all matters appertaining to the transfer of realty are promptly attended to. Mr. Lippelt is a notary public and besides notarial business, draws deeds, wills, and all legal documents carefully, in the best manner, at moderate charges. Although he has resided in this city twenty-two years, Mr. Lippelt is a native of Germany. He is held in high esteem by the entire business community, and during his long residence here has ever been popular and influential. For a period of twelve years he was deputy assessor of special taxes and is an authority upon the values of improved and vacant city and rural property.

FISCHER FLOUR CO.

The activity and prominence of the St. Louis flour market is due largely to the sterling enterprise and energy, manifested by our leading millers and merchants. Representative among the prosperous and reliable concerns in this important trade is the Fischer Flour Company, flour merchants, wholesale dealers and millers agents, whose offices and sales rooms are centrally situated at No. 210 and 212 S. Main street. This business was established in 1849 by Messrs. Mauntel, Butte & Co., who were succeeded by Mauntel, Borgess & Co., which company expired by limitation. Eventually in July, 1891, the present company was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $30,000, and its trade now extends, not only throughout the Southern, Middle and Eastern states, but they have also a large trade in Europe. The following gentlemen are the executive officers, viz.: Jno. C. Fischer, president; Frank Eppelsheimer, treasurer; Julius G. Hollmann, secretary. They occupy a spacious five-story brick building, 43x1.25 feet in area, fully equipped with every convenience for handling and storing the heavy stock that is constantly carried. They make a specialty of the widely known brands, "Success," "Patent," "Cameo," "Ruby" and "Purist," also the "Pure Gold," which are put up in sacks and barrels. These brands of flour are unrivaled for purity, quality, and uniform excellence, and have no superiors in this country or elsewhere. They also represent some first-class western mills and offer substantial inducements in prices to the trade. Liberal advances are made on consignments when required, while quick sales and prompt returns have always been the characteristics of this reliable and trustworthy house. They have likewise a well-equipped elevator, and fill orders promptly at the lowest ruling market figures. The officers are enterprising, substantial and honorable business men, and popular members of the Merchants' Exchange.

JULIUS PITZMAN.

Among the prominent surveyors and engineers of St. Louis, the name of Mr. Julius Pitzman, deserves a distinguished place, and merits adequate record in a commercial and professional review. Mr. Pitzman came to this country from Germany, his native land, when quite young, and established his present business thirty-five years ago. His great ability at once brought him into notice, and secured for him a patronage of the most desirable class, which he has permanently retained, and largely increased by the success with which he has executed the many important commissions intrusted to his care. He confines himself to the laying out of parks, additions, etc., and landscape work generally, and can point to the Forest Park addition, Compton Heights, the fair grounds, the new race track, and all the finest improvements of the city, as the result of his skill. His business has increased to such an extent as to require the constant services of five engineers in charge of surveying parties, and no less than three hundred laborers, and even this great force is at times hardly sufficient to cope with the vast amount of work required to be done. Mr. Pitzman has made an exhaustive study of this important branch of the vocation, preparing the finest plans, and executing the most difficult undertakings with conspicuous success. His offices and draughting rooms are centrally located at No. 615 Chestnut street, and conveniently arranged for the work, a full staff, under Mr. Joseph H. Dagwell as principal draughtsman, being always on hand. Mr. Pitzman is an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Loyal Legion, having served his country faithfully during the time of her need. He takes a great interest in politics, holding this to be one of the duties of every patriotic citizen, and is well-known and respected as a leading Republican, whose opinions and advice carry weight in the councils of the party. Professionally he has over and over again demonstrated his suitability for, and power in his chosen avocation, his judgment being considered authoritative on all matters relating to the special branch to which his energies have been devoted.

THE F. H. THOMAS LAW BOOK CO.

The F. H. Thomas Law Book Company is one of the leading concerns of this kind in America, and has a patronage of the highest and most substantial character. The business was founded in 1869, by Soule, Thomas & Windsor, and changed afterward to Soule, Thomas and Wentworth. Later another change was made, and the firm became known as F. H. Thomas & Co. This title was continued until 1885, when the present company was incorporated under the state laws of Missouri, with a capital of $10,000. Mr. F. H. Thomas is president of this organization, and also treasurer, while Mr. J. H. Thomas acts as secretary. They publish and deal in law books of all kinds, both American and foreign, and carry an immense stock of all the standard law books known in this country Their catalogue is a most complete production, and in addition to the list of books for sale, contains many features of great value to lawyers. The range of books published and dealt in, covers the whole field of legal literature, text-books, English and American reports, including those of the United States supreme court, also treatises, the statutes and session laws of the various states and territories, bound copies of American law periodicals, digests, and general literature on legal subjects. Lawyers having libraries to dispose of will find it greatly to their interest to correspond with this house as they make a specialty of handling such. This is the largest house of the kind in the West, and does an immense business, employing five traveling representatives, who are kept on the road, as well as four who attend to the local trade. The trade is with all sections of the United States, and even with the law department of the Imperial University at Tokio, Japan, and the law department of the University at Buenos Ayres, both of which are supplied by this house. This business is conducted at No. 14 S. Broadway, where two floors are occupied, each being 25x60 feet in dimensions, and thoroughly filled with law books of every description.

133

"RICHELIEU HOTEL."

A perfect exponent of the American science of first-class hotel keeping in the city of St. Louis is the widely known and well-patronized "Richelieu Hotel," eligibly located on Washington avenue. This hotel was opened three years ago by L. A. Pratt & Co., who conducted it till 1890, when Mr. M. W. Quinn assumed control. The manager, Mr. Amos Sawyer, is a thorough master of the modern science of model hotel keeping, and guests can always rest assured that, once under the hospitable roof of the "Richelieu," they will meet with the most courteous, prompt and liberal treatment. The hotel is a spacious five-story stone building, 75x150 feet in dimensions, elegantly equipped and furnished throughout. It is supplied with all modern improvements, elevator, electric lights, steam heat, electric bells, etc., while the means of escape in case of fire are perfect. The dining-room has a capacity of comfortably seating 150 persons. Its rates are extremely reasonable when the superiority of its accommodations, and the high standard of its cuisine are taken into consideration. The proprietor is noted for having at all times the choicest and best in the market on the table and plenty of it, while the bar is supplied with the choicest wines, liquors, ales, cigars, etc. The Richelieu is full all the year round, and under Mr. Sawyer's management, it offers the most comfortable place of residence in St. Louis, alike for families or transient guests.

THE MAC MURRAY-JUDGE ARCHITECTURAL IRON CO.

Iron, the modern building material, possesses unrivaled advantages as regards strength, durability and adaptability to ornament and decoration, while no other material is so valuable after it has served its original purpose. In connection with these remarks, we desire to make special reference in this mercantile review of St. Louis to the representative and reliable MacMurry-Judge Architectural Iron Company, manufacturers of structural iron work, house and store iron fronts, etc., whose office and works are situated at the southeast corner of Twenty-first and Papin streets. This extensive business was established originally in 1837 by Mr. John D. MacMurray, who was succeeded by McMuray, Winkelmeyer & Co., and McMurray, Smith & Judge. Eventually in 1882 it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri with a paid-up capital of $30,000, which has since increased to $100,000 and its trade now extends throughout all sections of this and the adjacent states. The following gentlemen are the executive officers, viz.: A. J. Judge, president and general manager; J. C. Lullman, vice-president; Wm. Lennox, treasurer; F. W. Judge, secretary. The works occupy two-thirds of a block, and employ constantly 100 to 175 skilled workmen. The various workshops, foundry, etc, are equipped with modern apparatus and machinery, operated by a seventy-five horsepower steam engine. They manufacture all kinds of structural and architectural iron work for buildings, while a specialty is made of house and store iron fronts. They likewise turn out street railway iron work and cable road beds, also beams, girders, lintels, columns, iron buildings, etc. They also have a branch office at 902 Chestnut street.

DANIEL WHEATLEY.

Here in St. Louis, we find prominent representatives of the tailoring business, such as Mr. Daniel Wheatley of No. 607 Chestnut street, who are always posted in the newest designs which have received the approval of the world of fashion. Mr. Wheatley began business nine years ago, identifying himself at once with the best circles of trade, and soon became known as a talented designer and a master of his vocation. In his elegant store, with its splendid facilities for the advantageous display of the stock, are to be found the choicest patterns, shades, and textures, in suitings, overcoatings, pants, and all the best imported and domestic fabrics, while the greatest care is observed in the designing, measuring, draping, and making up. Mr. Wheatley makes a close study of the figure, aiding nature in the most skillful way, and never failing to give the utmost satisfaction to even the most fastidious. He spares no pains to please those who favor him with their patronage, and the magnitude of his business among the members of the Board of Trade, and the leading financiers of the city, is a creditable indication of the appreciation in which his work is held. He gives constant employment to a large staff of competent assistants, including two cutters, of exceptional ability and experience. We recommend our readers to examine his splendid stock, and to test his capacity as an accurate and stylish tailor, confident that the result will be to make them permanent patrons of this unrivaled house. Mr. Wheatley is an Englishman by birth, who has resided in this country for upward of a quarter of a century ten years of which have been passed in St. Louis.

MEYER & BULTE.

In the manufacture of the finest brands of New Roller Process Flour a representative firm is that of Messrs. Meyer & Bulte, whose offices are located at Nos. 214 and 216 S. Main street. This business was established in 1864 by Inebs & Meyer. Eventually in 1881, Messrs. John F. Meyer and Henry Bulte assumed control, and continued the business till January 1, 1891, when Mr. H. Bulte retired in favor of his son, Mr. August J. Bulte, the concern being still carried on under the old firm name of Meyer & Bulte. Both partners are thoroughly practical and expert millers, fully conversant with every detail of this valuable industry and the requirements of jobbers, dealers and a critical public. They are proprietors of the White Swan Mills at Clinton, Mo., which are fully equipped with the latest improved roller process machinery and appliances, operated by steam power. Here sixty millers, workmen, etc., are employed, who turn out 600 barrels of flour daily. Their celebrated brands "White Swan" and "Pride of the State," are general favorites wherever introduced, always commanding a ready sale, owing to their superiority, purity and uniform excellence. They also handle the products of several other first-class mills, and keep constantly a heavy stock on hand. Their warehouse is a spacious and substantial four-story and basement building, fully supplied with every convenience, and they have also extensive storage houses in the rear. The trade of the firm extends throughout the Southern, Western and Middle states. Owing to the excellent arrangements which the firm has made with railroads, shipments are now forwarded to remote points at lowest rates of freight. Messrs. Meyer & Bulte are members of the Merchants' Exchange.

134

PERKINS & HERPEL'S MERCANTILE COLLEGE.

St. Louis may justly be proud of this excellent educational institution, which, during the nine years that have elapsed since its inception, has prepared hundreds of her sons and daughters for places of usefulness and trust. Its proprietors have thoroughly grasped the great central principles around which the methods of a mercantile college, if it is to fulfill its highest duties, should be grouped, and have founded, upon this sure basis, a training school, whose conspicuous success has amply confirmed their ideas and views as to what these establishments should be. Both gentlemen have had previous experience in connection with that well-known Eastern institution, Duff's Mercantile College of Pittsburg, Pa., Mr. H. C. Perkins having been professor of bookkeeping, and Mr. P. J. Herpel professor of mathematics and penmanship. The college is located at the corner of Fourth street and Washington avenue. No greater indication of the appreciation in which the people of St. Louis and vicinity hold the ability and teaching capacity of these gentlemen, than to state the fact that during the season of 1890-91, no less than 377 scholars were enrolled upon their bocks. Every facility is offered for those who desire instruction in certain subjects only, or who are unable to avail themselves of the regular course. Students may join at any time, as there are no vacations and no classes, each receiving personal attention from the seven professors who assist Messrs. Perkins & Herpel to advance them to higher grades solely on their merits. A night school is held for those employed during the day, and the convenience of every class of workers, who desire to become proficient in any or all of the branches taught, is carefully studied by these enterprising and far-sighted proprietors. Every subject which is connected with the various kinds of business, is included in the curriculum, and one of the most desirable features is the prominence that is given to actual transactions, in every department, from the lowest to the highest. Every graduate of this college must have conducted a business within its walls in all its details, which is a counterpart of that pursued in the great centers of trade, and both in theory and practice is well qualified to fill the most important and responsible positions. We strongly advise our readers who intend taking a commercial course, or acquiring some special subject, to obtain the handsome catalogue of this prosperous institution, before deciding where to go. The telephone call is No. 1207.

EDWARD I. McCANN.

The well-known plumbing business of H. J. Jackson & Co. was established in this city twenty years ago. There has been no house in the business that has achieved a more pronounced success or has a higher reputation than this one, and it is with pleasure that we recount its standing in this history of St. Louis. The business came into the control of Mr. Edward I. McCann, a gentleman of wide business experience, about two years ago, since which time it has developed more rapidly than ever. The business is conducted at No. 222 Locust street, where Mr. McCann carries a full line of plumbers' and gasfitters' goods, consisting of fine piping, brackets, chandeliers, sinks, baths and in fact every appliance known to the trade. The basement is large, being 20x60 feet in dimensions. A number of experienced workmen are employed and the highest grade of sanitary work is guaranteed. All kinds of gas and steam pipe fitting is done to order, and prompt attention is given to sewering and jobbing. The trade enjoyed by Mr. McCann is of the most desirable character and is very large; he has done the plumbing in many of the best stores and residences of the city and enjoys a reputation of the very highest order. He is well known as a business man and is an agreeable and courteous gentleman. He claims St. Louis as his birthplace and is a worthy son of the grand old city. As a business man the commercial standing of Mr. McCann is beyond question.

LIEROW & TREBUS.

Throughout the United States St. Louis is recognized as one of the principal centers of trade and commerce, and so important is this fact that many prominent insurance corporations and companies are represented in the Mound City by responsible and energetic agents. Prominent among these is the old established and reliable concern of Messrs. Lierow & Trebus, whose office is located at No. 222 Pine street. This agency was established twenty-five years ago by Mr. August Lierow, who conducted it till 1839, when Mr. A. C. Trebus became a partner. They are expert and prudent underwriters, fully conversant with every detail of fire, marine and plate glass insurance, and the requirements of property owners and merchants. Messrs. Lierow & Trebus represent the following first class companies, viz.: Guardian Assurance Co. of London, England, United Firemen's Insurance Co. of Philadelphia, Teutonia Insurance Co. of Philadelphia, Hanover Insurance Co. of New York, etc. They are prepared to take risks to any amount, and write policies in, any of the above named companies at the lowest rates of premium, while losses on risks placed by them have always been promptly adjusted and paid. Numbers of our leading citizens testify to the just methods of the firm, and outside manufacturers, property and ship owners will study their best interests by insuring with this agency, securing to them the lowest ruling rates and entire security. The partners are highly esteemed in business circles for their promptness and integrity, justly meriting the liberal and influential patronage secured in this important enterprise. Mr. Trebus is secretary of the Allemannia Building and Loan Association, and also of the Germania Buildjng and Loan Association.

135

GEO. M. HUSTON & CO.

In consequence of the extraordinary large crops in the United States and restored confidence, there is no doubt, with able financiers, there will be immediately a rapid rise in all first-class stocks and bonds. At the present time all really good and safe investment securities are "dirt cheap," and can be had to net 5 1/2 to 6 1/4 Per cent, on the investment of capital. In connection with these remarks, we desire to refer in this Commercial Review of St. Louis to the progressive and reliable firm of Messrs. Geo. M. Huston & Co., stock brokers and dealers in bonds and stocks, whose office is located at 305 Pine street. The business was established in 1889 by Messrs. Geo. M. Huston and W. H. Thornburgh, both of whom have had long experience, and possess an intimate knowledge of every phase and feature of the money and stock markets. They are popular members of the St. Louis Merchants' Exchange and St. Louis Mining Stock Exchange, and transact business in all listed stocks and bonds on a straight commission basis. The firm handle largely Missouri county and township bonds, Missouri city and town bonds, St. Louis city and county bonds, bank, railroad and insurance stocks and miscellaneous stocks and bonds. They make a specialty of choice dividend paying investment securities and telegraph close quotations to customers desiring to buy or sell. They are always ready to buy new issues of municipal bonds, large or small, and invite correspondence from officials. Their facilities for obtaining the latest reliable information as to the course of the market are perfect, and we know of no firm in St. Louis better qualified to fill orders for country capitalists or city operators, either for investment or speculative purposes. Mr. Huston is a native of Ohio, while Mr. Thorn burgh was born in St. Louis. The business is actively conducted by Mr. Huston, who has had an active experience in this line, of eleven years, while Mr. Thornburgh devotes his time principally to the Platt & Thornburgh Paint and Glass Co., and to his other extensive interests in this city. They are honorable and able brokers, who are conducting a safe and legitimate business with credit and success. Their advice to their friends at the present time is to add to their investments as bargains in stocks and bonds will not hold out very long. They issue a compact monthly circular, which is sent without charge, regularly to all who request it.

JOHANSEN BROS.

St. Louis is a noted manufacturing center, and has always been a leading source of supply of staple commodities for the vast regions lying to the south and west. The enterprise and progressive spirit of its business men have gained for it a well-earned prominence in this line among the great cities of the United States, and there are few branches of trade and industry which are not well represented within the city limits. Especially is this true of those branches devoted to the production of articles in everyday utility. Among the leading houses whose well-directed operations have largely contributed to this desirable result is that of Messrs. Johansen Brothers, manufacturers of ladies', misses' and children's shoes at Nos. 927 and 929 N. Eleventh street. Messrs. M. and T. Johansen are natives of Norway, and came to this city in 1879. In 1877 they embarked in their present enterprise, beginning in a very modest way at the corner of Sixth and Franklin avenue. Both being practical and expert shoe manufacturers, fully conversant with every detail and feature of this important industry, and the requirements of the trade and of a critical public, they soon built up a large and widespread trade. Their manufactory was subsequently removed to Eleventh and Olive streets, and finally, in 1888, in order to properly and satisfactorily meet the ever increasing requirements of their business, they erected the building which they now occupy. It is a three-story brick structure, having a frontage of 40 by a depth of 103 feet, and is a model factory in the fullest sense of the expression. On the first floor are the office and sample rooms, on the second the cutting and fitting departments, and on the third the bottoming department, all of which are fully equipped with the latest improved and best perfected machinery, tools and appliances known to the trade. Here 111 skilled operatives are seadily employed and the output of the factory is very large, averaging 500 pairs a day. The ladies', misses and children's fine boots and shoes made by this reliable firm are unexcelled for beauty of design, superiority of finish, and quality of materials, while they combine all the elements of durability with easy fit and attractive appearance. The excellent facilities of the house enable the firm to quote prices and terms to the trade which few other houses can duplicate, and the trade is correspondingly large, extending throughout Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, and orders are promptly and carefuly filled. Both partners are widely known in trade circles as honorable and enterprising business men, liberal in all transactions, and their success in the shoe industry of St. Louis is as substantial as it is well merited.

ST. LOUIS PHOTO ENGRAVING CO.

The rapid advance in process of illustration in late years has given rise to numerous establishments having some specialty in this line. Among the most reliable houses in this city, giving exclusive attention to engraving for illustrative purposes, is the St. Louis Photo-Engraving Company. This business was established in 1887 by Mr. C. F. Chetham, the present proprietor, and has proved a strong and satisfactory venture. The business is conducted at No. 517 N. Third street, with fine apartments on the third floor, the rooms being 25x40 feet in dimensions. All the necessary machinery and appliances are here found for the proper conduct of the business, and work of the highest grade is produced in the most satisfactory manner. Special attention is given to photo-engraving in all its branches, and competent artists are employed in producing book illustrations, cartoons, fancy cards, billheads, etc. The business is managed by Mr. C. Chetham, a gentleman of wide experience and great artistic skill, who has established a reputation of the highest order for ability. The house enjoys a liberal patronage, both local and from adjacent states, and their work is constantly securing wider recognition. The gentlemen at the head of this concern are young men of pronounced ability and the highest business and social standing, and their success has been achieved by close application to business and strict integrity in filling every contract or order. They are worthy of the greatest confidence, and their work speaks for itself.

D. G. TUTT GROCER CO.

Representative among the leading wholesale grocery houses of St. Louis is that known as the D. G. Tutt Grocer Company, whose offices and salesrooms are eligibly located at Nos. 317 and 319 N. Second street. This business was established several years ago, and eventually was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with ample capital, Mr. D. G. Tutt being the president, and Mr. G. V. Dahlgren the secretary and treasurer. Both Messrs. Tutt and Dahlgren bring great experience to bear, and possess influential connections and perfect facilities. The premises occupied comprise a spacious four-story brick and basement building, 30x140 feet in dimensions, fitted up with every convenience. The stock carried is essentially representative of the choicest food products, staple and fancy groceries, and sundries from every quarter of the globe. In such staples as flour, provisions, cereals, sugars, syrups, molasses, soaps, tobaccos, cigars, etc., they are prepared always to offer substantial inducements to the trade, In coffees, fresh and pure spices, foreign and domestic fruits, condiments, sauces, pickles, etc., their stock challenges comparison, while their prices in all cases are ever regulated by the market. Orders are filled with care and dispatch, and the trade of the house now extends throughout all sections of the Southern, Southwestern and Western states. Messrs. Tutt & Dahlgren are honorable, progressive, business men, who enjoy the confidence and esteem of their numerous customers. They employ seven clerks and assistants in their warehouse, and have twelve traveling salesmen on the road.

136

JOHN GRETHER.

Enterprising measures and progressive methods are business requirements of the nineteenth century, and nowhere do we find efforts more profitably placed than in the instance of Mr. John Grether, real estate dealer, whose office is on the first floor of the Turner building at 304 N, Eighth street. The business dates its establishment back to 1865. Some time after its establishment it was carried on by Grether & Boeck, but about four years ago Mr. Grether retired and went to California. Two years later, however, he returned and commenced business again here. He has long since gained a firm footing in real estate circles and acquired a large clientele among the capitalists, investors and property owners of the city and surrounding neighborhoods. He operates on an extensive and comprehensive basis, and his business comprises everything that may be said to come legitimately under the head of a real estate business. He effects loans, and sells improved and unimproved property, collects rents, superintends repairs and undertakes the general management of estates for residents and non-residents, and makes appraisements. There are few men whose opinion on real estate is more sought after, and he always has upon his lists a number of very choice investments. His long residence here, combined with a keen watchfulness, has familiarized him with the surroundings and development of the city, and thus his opinions are ever in demand as those of a man whose judgment carries weight with it.

PACIFIC STEAM LAUNDRY CO.

Among the many laundries in St. Louis, it is very safe to asseverate that none are so well fitted up and equipped as that of the Pacific Steam Laundry Company, whose main office is at 1801, 1803, 1805, 1807 Pine street, and branches in all sections of the city and environs. The business has been in successful operation since 1885, and under the able management of Mr. C. B. Wickes, a large family and hotel patronage has been secured, and a name and reputation for promptness, reliability and excellent service acquired. The work executed by this company is superior in every respect, and every care and attention is given so as not to injure the finest fabrics. The building utilized for laundry purposes is 100x100 feet in area, and two stories in height. It is supplied with ample steam power and equipped with every known device necessary and requisite for doing work in a superior manner. All the machines, appliances and appurtenances are of the latest improved kind, and in all respects the laundry is one of the most complete in the city. Upward of fifty hands are employed in the different departments, all of which are under careful supervision. Laundry is called for and delivered promptly, and orders by mail, or telephone, No. 1146, receive immediate attention. Prices are governed by moderation and every endeavor made to please.

ZELLE BROS.

The wholesale transactions in provisions, dairy products and country produce constitutes, as it is almost needless to mention, a very substantial and important factor in the commerce of St. Louis. There are a number of representative concerns actively engaged in the business, prominent among them being the Zelle Bros. Provision and Commission Company. The foundation of the business dates from 1864, when it was established by Zelle Bros., who continued it successfully until 1880, when the present company was formed with an ample capital, all paid up. The premises occupied, No. 702 N. Third street, have an area of 25x125 feet, and in every particular are thoroughly and perfectly equipped and fitted up with every convenience for supplying the trade and receiving and disposing of consignments which arrive daily, and consists of creamery and dairy butter, cheese, provisions, fruits and country produce of all kinds. Prompt returns are always made, and producers and shippers will find this house one of the most reliable in the city to do business with. Their concern also buys and sells on personal account and carry a full stock at all times of the choicest and best provisions and farm products, and besides a large local business, fills orders from all parts of Missouri, Illinois and the Southern states. The president of the company is Mr. F. E. Zelle, who is well-known and prominent. He has always taken an active interest in local affairs and from 1880 to 1884 served his fellow citizens in the most acceptable manner as Councilman. Mr. Aug. F. Zelle is vice-president, and Mr. H. C. Zelle secretary-treasurer. These gentlemen are natives of Germany, came to St. Louis when quite young, and have since been dentified with the growth and prosperity of the city.

GAUSS-SHELTON HAT CO.

St. Louis has in every branch of trade some great representative establishment, which in its methods, resources and development leads in its line, and thus enables this city to maintain a growing supremacy therein. In the wholesale hat and cap trade, such a house is that of the "Gauss-Shelton Hat Company," which has achieved such an enviable record, as regards stability and superiority of goods handled, both as to quality, styles and prices. The business was founded in 1860 by Mr. Charles F. Gauss, whose lengthy and successful mercantile career is familiar to St. Louisans. He built an enormous trade all over the South and West, and eventually in 1881 organized the Gauss-Hunicke Hat Company. It was deservedly successful, thus continuing until the lamented decease of Mr. Hunicke in 1886, when the company was reorganized, Mr. Charles F. Gauss continuing as president, while Mr. Theodore Shelton came in as vice-president, and Mr. Frederick J. Langenberg, secretary. The present title was then adopted and the company with a paid up capital of $250,000 has continued to permanently retain the representative position in its line, with each season making fresh advances in the field of trade. In 1889, in order to cope with the demand for increased accommodation, the company removed to its present excellent stand, so centrally located at Nos. 810 and 812 Washington avenue. This is a modern and architecturally handsome stone structure, seven stories and basement in height, and 50x150 feet in dimensions, extending entirely through the block to St. Charles street, by which way goods are received and shipped. Here is carried an immense stock of every description of hats, caps, gloves, valises, umbrellas, etc., in all grades, sizes and styles, directly adapted to the exact requirements of city and country dealers, all over the South and West. This is a stock selected with consummate skill and care by most experienced buyers, both at home and abroad, and is immeasurably superior to any other stock either here or in Chicago. We specially direct the attention of western and southwestern buyers to this fact, as it has been selected directly for them, and they could not by going east to New York (spending a couple of hundred dollars on the trip), do nearly as well, as right here at Nos. 810 and 812 Washington avenue. A prominent specialty of the company, is their "Lion" and "Future Great" hats. These brands have justly achieved remarkable celebrity all over. Hats bearing them are preferred by the trade, because they are more stylish and wear better, and the present season shows a great ratio of increase in orders. These brands are in every way superior, uniform in highest grade of material and workmanship. The company's trade covers fifteen states of the South, Southwest, West and Northwest, and to promptly meet its requirements, the company has opened a branch salesroom in Kansas City, employing five salesmen there, while here in St. Louis are seventy-five clerks and salesmen, with thirty travelers on the road. The sales now aggregate over $1,000 000 annually, and the company is constantly entering new territory. The officers are all natives of Missouri, respected business men and capitalists of wide range of experience, and favorably known everywhere. President Gauss, is a director and stockholder in the Continental National bank, and also of the American Central Insurance Co. He is a public-spirited citizen, identified with every movement calculated to benefit St. Louis, and both he and Mr. Shelton are progressive, merchants, specially qualified to maintain for their company the lead in its line.

137

OAKES.

In following out our intention of including in this volume the representative establishments in each line of business we know of no house more worthy of special mention than Oakes, 305 N. Broadway. Few cities can boast of a house doing business for over forty years in the manufacture of confectionery, ice cream, etc. This enterprise was founded in 1851, and ring the intervening period has gained a reputation for the superior quality and purity of its goods, which is second to none and equaled by very few. The premises utilized for the business consist of a five-story brick building, 30x129 feet invisions, of which the basement is used as the storage department. The first floor is elegantly fitted up with every convenience necessary for the business done there, and is devoted to office, retail department and ice cream parlor. The four upper floors are used exclusively as a factory, and are models of neatness and cleanliness. Here the house employs a very large force of skilled hands and has all the necessary machinery and appliances for the manufacture of its full line of confectionery. The sugars, syrups, butter, nuts, fruits, flavors, etc., are selected with the utmost care. None but the choicest and purest materials are used and the quality of candy, chocolate goods, bonbons, etc., are absolutely second to none in the United States, and which find a ready market throughout the city, state and surrounding country, and the enlarging volume of trade indicates the satisfaction afforded. The trade is wholesale and retail, and the house is prepared at all times to fill orders of any magnitude.

F. BURKART & CO.

In this commercial review we desire to refer to the representative St. Louis firm of Messrs. F. Burkart & Co., manufacturers and dealers in curled hair, moss, tow, etc., whose offices and salesrooms are located at 523 N. Second street. The firm's factory, which is fully equipped with modern steam apparatus and machinery, and furnishes constant employment to about seventy-five hands, is situated on Gano avenue. The business was established in 1877 by Mr. F. Burkart, who is sole proprietor. Mr. Burkart is a thoroughly practical manufacturer, fully conversant in every detail of this useful industry and the requirements of mattress makers and upholsterers. He occupies for salesrooms a spacious four-story and basement building, 25x130 feet in area, fully supplied with every convenience for the accommodation of the extensive and choice stock of curled hair, moss, tow, excelsior and new wool. He also keeps on hand a superior assortment of tempered steel springs, twines, tacks, etc., and makes a specialty of machine picked moss, XXXX, XXX, XX and X quality. His goods are general favorites wherever introduced, being unrivaled for quality, reliability and uniform excellence, while the prices quoted in all cases are as low as the lowest. His trade extends chiefly through the principal cities and towns of the Northern and Northwestern states, and is steadily increasing, owing to the superiority of his products. Mr. Burkart is an honorable business man, who carefully attends to the interests of his numerous customers, and his success in this important industry is as substantial as it is well merited.

CENTER PHARMACY.

One of the finest and best equipped drug stores in this section of St. Louis is that known as the "Center Pharmacy," conducted by Mr. E. C. Kring, and located at 318 South Broadway. Mr. Kring, who is a thoroughly practical and expert chemist, established this business six years ago, since which period he has secured a liberal and influential patronage from the best classes of society. He occupies a commodious ground floor, being 20x50 feet in area, with laboratory in the rear. The store is elegantly appointed with marble floor, walnut fixtures, etc., and is fully stocked with a superior assortment of pure, fresh drugs and chemicals, proprietary medicines, physicians' and surgeons' requisites, mineral waters, toilet articles, perfumery and everything generally found in a first-class pharmacy. A special feature is made of the prescription department, physicians' formulas and family recipes being dispensed at any hour of the day or night with that accuracy and precision which have ever characterized Mr. Kring's operations in this important department of his profession. Popular prices prevail, and polite, attentive assistants serve customers intelligently. The leading specialties are Kring's Fever Medicine at 75 cents per bottle; Kring's Syrup Tar Tolu with Wild Cherry, 25 and 50 cents; Kring's C. C. Blood Purifier, $1: Liniment, 25 cents; Liver Pills, 25 cents per box; 9 Herb Tea, 25 cents per package, etc., besides those sold under the "Barrisher" trademark, which are too well known to need detailing in this connection. Mr. Kring was born in Centreville, Ill., but has been a resident of this city for the past twelve years, and is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. He is a young man and highly esteemed by the community for his courteous manners and strict integrity.

CENTENNIAL DENTAL ROOMS.

The public is perhaps never more eager to grasp improvements in any branch of science than that of dentistry, and when we say that the Centennial Dental Rooms, whose entrance is on Locust, at the corner of Ninth street, opposite the post-office, do the largest business in the city, we need give on further guarantee that this establishment is in an equal proportion in advance of its fellows. It was established many years ago by Dr. Wickersham, who has resided in St. Louis for the past fifty years, whose name, by the way, appears now, so that the public will have no difficulty in recognizing the place. The reception parlor is comfortably and invitingly furnished and the operating rooms possess patent operating chairs and every modern improved appliance that is known to the profession, which is a convincing proof of the enterprise that is always present in the business. But, notwithstanding all that has been achieved in the matter of the perfecting of dental appliances, it must be remembered that much yet depends upon the skill, judgment and ability of the operators, and to this end none but regular graduates and skilled dentists, all of whom have passed their experimental stages, are employed here. Every kind of work is undertaken and all warranted to be of the best. The place is kept open evenings and German is spoken. All work is done on the premises and under the supervision of Dr. Wickersham himself. The prices charged must speak for themselves, and considering the high quality of the work, they need no indorsement on our part. They are as follows: One set best teeth (with free extraction) $8.00; large size gold fillings, $2.00; largest size platina fillings, $1.00; extracting teeth, with or without gas, and without pain, 25 cents. A specialty is made of treating children and arresting decay in teeth.

138

S. P. McKELVEY & CO.

The marvelous improvements effected in the manufacture of material for sidewalks, driveways, cellar floors, etc., has effected a complete revolution in the cement trade, and opened up fresh fields of usefulness for its representatives. One of the principal of these in St. Louis, although but recently established, the date being August 1, 1890, is the house of Messrs. S. P. McKelvey & Co., of suite 409, Commercial building. The members of the firm are Messrs. S. P. McKelvey, Frank Sullivan and R. G. Mayhew. Mr. McKelvey is a resident of Chicago, where he is connected with the Granitoid Company of that city. The granite composition stone laid down by this firm is, as its name implies, a mixture of crushed granite with cement, and presents all the desirable features of the solid stone. It is made as required at the scene of operations, and is unrivaled for sidewalks, drives, curbs, gutters, basement floors, brewery and malt house floors, steps, copings, etc., being absolutely impervious to the weather, and as durable as the stone itself. They have just completed a very extensive set of steps for the Grand Avenue Presbyterian Church, containing ten rises twenty-five feet long, with no joints whatever. They are prepared to execute the largest contracts in this useful department of industry with promptitude, and guarantee in every case perfect satisfaction. The house is rapidly acquiring a splendid connection in the city and its environs, and some idea of its rapid development may be obtained from the fact that during the first nine months of 1891, business to the value of $125,000 was transacted. Mr. Sullivan is a native of Ireland, and Mr. Mayhew of Germany, both gentlemen being popular and respected in all circles of the city. Their office is elegant in its appointments and furniture, and has every convenience for the accommodation of customers, such as telephonic communication (call No. 1461) etc. This is a pushing and enterprising house that deservedly merits its success.

HARKE BROS.

There are few branches of industrial art toward the development of which such increasing efforts have been for several years past directed, as that which has for its immediate object the artistic decoration of of our houses and general surroundings. Among the most talented and deservedly successful of the many interior decorators doing business in this city, though recently established, a prominent position must be assigned to Harke Bros., whose place of business is located in the magnificent building of the German branch of the Young Men's Christian Association, at No. 1909 St. Louis avenue. They are young men, born and raised in this city, and learned their business under the most competent instructors. In the autumn of 1890 they founded their present enterprise, and quickly gained a fine growing patronage. Since embarking in the business, they have executed a large amount of work in this direction, and such has been the able manner in which it has been performed, that universal satisfaction has been expressed. They are well and favorably known, and are highly indorsed by those by whom they have been employed. House, sign and ornamental painting, frescoing and paper-hanging, graining, marbling, hardwood finishing, floor polishing, also store and office fixtures and old furniture refinished and polished, are executed by them. They occupy a fine store, 20x70 feet in dimensions, handsomely fitted up and well equipped in every department, filled with a choice and carefully selected assortment of elegant wall paper, both imported and American, in all the new attractive designs, as well as borders, centerpieces, friezes, moldings and interior decorations of all kinds, also a large variety of window shades, etc. Fair and equitable prices prevail, and all orders receive prompt attention. These gentlemen are thoroughly familiar as regards interior decorations, and those requiring anything in their line or contemplating decorating their residences, would do well to consult them before going elsewhere.

G. H. QUELLMALZ.

The real estate business of this city is controlled by a class of intelligent and able men superior to those found in most places, which accounts for the high position held by St. Louis commercially, and augurs most conspicuously for her future. The interests of the city on this line have never been better than they are to-day, and this section offers better inducements for the investment of capital, and for sites for home building than almost any other portion of the country. One of the leading and most reliable dealers in real estate, loans and collections, is Mr. G. H. Quellmalz, a young gentleman who, although but recently established for himself, controls an immense business and has a clientele of the most desirable character, with a business increasing most rapidly and satisfactorily. He is a native of this city, and has received his education and business training within her precincts. He is well known in leading social, business and financial circles, and is, by all who know him, held in the highest esteem and confidence. Mr. Quellmalz was for nine years in the employ of Henry Hartzohn in the same business, and has become thoroughly familiar with the location, improvements and values of real estate in all sections of the city. Since his establishment in business two years ago Mr. Quellmalz has developed a liberal patronage and can refer to numerous clients, who cheerfully indorse him. He collects rents, negotiates loans, pays taxes and attends to repairs for non-residents, and manages estates. He has the contract of a great deal of property lying between Chouteau avenue and the extreme south end of Carondelet, known as the Grand avenue subdivision. This consists of five acres, divided to suit purchasers, and (is sold on payments, and from one to five years' time. The offices occupied by Mr. Quellmalz are conveniently and eligibly located at No. 1440 S. Broadway, and models of elegance.

L. A. MUELLER & CO.

Of late years the subject of sanitation has received the careful study of persons who make sanitary plumbing a specialty, and the perfection to which this industry has been brought is the best comment upon the intelligence which has been devoted to it. In this important business, together with steam and gas-fitting in St. Louis, L. A. Mueller & Co., No 1210 Cass avenue, have achieved a well-earned reputation and their establishment is recognized as a leading one in the city. Mr. L. A. Mueller established this business in 1885 and September, 1891, Mr. O. J. Goebel was admitted to partnership, the firm name becoming L. A. Mueller & Co. Since Mr. Mueller inaugurated the enterprise an extensive, influential and permanent patronage has been built up. They occupy a spacious ground floor and basement, each being 20x60 feet in area, fully stocked with a complete and choice assortment of plumbers' and gasfitters' supplies, including lead and iron pipe, bathtubs, closets, hydrants, sinks and pumps. Messrs. Mueller & Goebel are widely known for their modern methods of plumbing, gasfitting, and house drainage. Contracts of any magnitude are taken, and the complete fitting up of buildings is satisfactorily executed, while the prices charged for all work are extremely just and moderate. Only competent workmen are employed, and all operations are conducted under the personal supervision of the proprietors. They employ often twenty-five men and have executed some of the finest work in sanitary plumbing and drainage in the city. They make a specialty of repairing pumps of all kinds. Estimates and plans are cheerfully furnished and their terms will be found as low as any other house of the same standing in the city. Both members of the firm are young and practical men, and are natives of St. Louis. Mr. Goebel is a prominent member of the St. Louis Saengerbund. Among the many fine residences and buildings fitted up with the latest improved plumbing, etc., by this firm is the residence of Wayman C. McCreery, Westminster place, the private hospital of Dr. Tuholskeo, Jefferson avenue and Locust street, the fine residence of L. E. Collins, Page avenue, and the elegant flat and store building of H. Pittkers, northeast corner Twenty-third street and Cass avenue.

141

JACOB STUMPF.

A successful and well-known house is that of Mr. Jacob Stumpf, dealer in carpets, oilcloths, etc., located at No. 1300 S. Broadway, corner Rutger street. This business was established in 1865 by Henry Neun, & Son succeeded by John Neun & Co. in 1867, which firm dissolved in 1881, when Mr. Stumpf became the sole proprietor, and has been at his present location since 1883. He occupies a spacious and substantial three-story and basement building, 25x150 feet in area, fully equipped with every convenience for the accommodation and display of the well-selected and valuable stock. The first floor is devoted to offices, window shades, mattings, rugs, linoleums and oil cloths, the second to brussels, tapestry, moquette, Ingrain, three-ply and velvet carpets, lace curtains and portieres, the third to work and general stockroom. Mr. Stumpf is ever on the alert to secure the latest novelties, and makes a specialty of the choicest fabrics wherever manufactured. All goods are fresh, handsome and judiciously selected and are offered at prices that always command the attention of close and careful buyers. He imports direct from the most celebrated European manufacturers, and employs in his establishment ten persons. His stock of lace curtains, portieres, linoleums, mattings, rugs, oil-cloths, etc., is the finest in St. Louis, being unrivaled for elegance and uniform excellence. A first-class business is transacted in the city, and the trade of the house extends throughout the surrounding country. Orders for carpets are taken and the same are made and laid at the shortest notice. Mr. Stumpf is a native of Germany, and has resided in St. Louis since 1856. He is a Knight Templar Mason, and an active member of the A. O. U. W. and Knights of Honor.

FRANK SITTERMANN.

In the wine and liquor business a prominent St. Louis establishment is that of Mr. Frank Sittermann, at No. 1248 N. Third street. Established by Messrs. John F. Lohmann & Co. in the year 1876, the present enterprising proprietor succeeded in June, 1886, and has built up a trade of large proportions with the best retailers, etc., in the city. Mr. Sittermann is recognized as an expert in his vocation, and carries in his spacious premises, at No. 1248 N. Third street, a Superior stock, carefully selected, and evincing his intimate acquaintance with the wants of the best class of trade. He imports largely from the best producing sections of Europe, which have such a world-wide reputation for high-class wines and liquors, and makes a leading specialty of fine old Bourbon whisky of the most famous brands. This is the headquarters for the most noted vintages of champagnes, sherries, ports, etc., and for Kentucky whiskies, Pennsylvania and Maryland Rye whiskies of the highest grades. Strictly on their merits these beverages have found their way into the best hotels, restaurants and private houses of the city, their rare quality and unrivaled delicacy of flavor pre-eminently meeting the wishes and tastes of the most refined connoisseurs. Every convenience is at hand for storage, the basement being fitted up with vaults of the most approved pattern. Mr. Sittermann is a native of Germany, but has resided in St. Louis nearly thirty years. He is a prominent member of the Wholesale Liquor Dealers' Association, and has achieved an enviable reputation for upright and honorable business methods, as well as for his capacity and executive ability.

ST. LOUIS STAR PACKING AND PROVISION COMPANY.

One of the most important industries in the Southwest is that of the killing and packing of meat for the markets in every part of the country. Prominent among the influential houses engaged is the St. Louis Packing and Provision Company, whose retail establishment is located at Nos. 1238 and 1240 S. Broadway. Mr. H. Boeckstruck is the sole proprietor, and devotes his full attention to the business, conducting its affairs with marked success. The packing business was established in Kansas City in 1871, a branch office being opened at the same time in this place, and in 1888 the present retail market was formed and has since continued to supply a large patronage drawn from the most desirable classes, who appreciate the advantages they here obtain. In Kansas City no less than 200 men are constantly employed, and the capacity of the works is 500 head of cattle and 1,000 hogs every day. In St. Louis thirty employees are required, and goods are delivered promptly to any part of the city and suburbs. The store is spacious and well adapted for the trade, having large yards and sheds, 35x140 feet in extent, attached, affording every convenience for cold storage, and for the active prosecution of the business. In rear of the market are large refrigerators, with an ice capacity of twenty tons, and capable of holding two carloads of meat. Among the patrons of this house are numbered many large retailers in this line, and the trade from this center is rapidly extending and increasing in magnitude and importance. Mr. Boeckstruck is a member of the St. Louis Packers' Association, and brings to bear a wide experience and a thorough mastery of every detail of his business. The industry is assuming proportions of great magnitude, and promises under the present management results of a still more satisfactory character in the near future.

R. S. OVERSTREET DRUG CO.

The great success attending the R. S. Overstreet Drug Company arises from the marked ability and integrity of the management, and the superior and comprehensive character of the stock in all departments. The business was established by Mr. R. S. Overstreet in 1880; he is one of the most accomplished and experienced pharmacists in the United States, and has been a permanent and respected resident of St. Louis since 1871. He is a graduate of the Missouri Pharmaceutical Association, of the highest standing in professional circles, and is an active member of the American Pharmaceutical Association, and of the St. Louis Pharmaceutical Association. In 1885 the business founded by him had attained such proportions, that the important interests, involved were duly organized and incorporated under the familiar style and title of the "R. S. Overstreet Drug Company," with ample capital, and the most valuable good will of any concern of the kind in St. Louis. The officers include Mr. R. S. Overstreet as president, Mr. J. M. Overstreet as vice-president, and Mr. J. H. Sewing as secretary and treasurer. The vice-president is widely experienced in the wholesale drug trade, having traveled for the Hopkins-Weller Drug Co. for five years. Mr. Sewing is a qualified pharmacist and an excellent business man, who is a graduate of the Missouri Pharmaceutical Association. The company occupies an admirable location, No. 701 Washington avenue, and has here the most elaborately equipped and best furnished drug store in St. Louis or the West. In its plate glass front is made a magnificent display of goods in every line, while inside is a handsome tile floor, an artistic and large sized soda fountain, etc. The store is brilliantly illuminated at night by the electric light. The stock is the most complete in town, containing all the rare, as well as staple drugs and chemicals, essential oils, etc., roots, herbs, barks, etc. The company manufactures all its own standard preparations, Here are all the approved patent medicines and full lines of foreign and domestic perfumery, soaps and toilet requisites, also lines of fine cigars. The highest standard of purity and excellence is maintained in everything; quality is the first consideration, and the company has built up its enormous trade and enviable reputation on the most enduring of foundations. A prominent specialty manufactured by this company is "Overstreet's Toilet Cream" for the complexion, for which there is a large and constantly increasing demand. It has no equal in the market for the cure of chapped hands and face, roughness of the skin, etc. The price is twenty-five cents per bottle, and is for sale by all druggists. A large prescription business is done here. The store is open day and night, and physicians manifest a preference for this pharmacy, as unvarying accuracy and promptitude are the invariable rule.

142

CLARKSVILLE CIDER AND VINEGAR CO.

In the manufacture of cider and vinegar, the representative and most reliable concern in St. Louis, is that known as the Clarksville Cider and Vinegar Company, of Clarksville, Mo., whose depot is centrally located at 213 N. Second street. This nourishing and extensive business was established twenty-four years ago by Mr. H. S. Carroll, who was succeeded by Carroll, Werrick & Co. Eventually in 1884 it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a large capital, and its trade, which is steadily increasing, now extends throughout the Southern, Southwestren and Western states. The following gentlemen are the officers, viz.: Wm. H. Avis, president; Geo. Keightley, vice-president; Chas. J. Blake, secretary and treasurer. The company's works, which are fully equipped with modern apparatus and appliances, are situated at Clarksville, Pike county, Mo. This is the only concern west of the Mississippi of any size that makes pure and unadulterated cider and vinegar. The works are located in the best apple growing regions of Missouri, about 100 miles from St. Louis. The capacity of the works is over 500,000 bushels of apples per season. They manufacture largely sweet cider, refined cider, hard cider, orange, peach, pear and Old Log Cabin cider, also Imperial apple vinegar, and Geniton apple and Geniton extra apple vinegar. They are also the largest manufacturers of cider syrup in the United States, and their trade in this article extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Their goods are absolutely unrivaled for quality, purity and uniform excellence, and are general favorites with retailers and consumers wherever introduced. Orders are promptly filled at the lowest possible prices, and complete satisfaction is guaranteed patrons. They are likewise packers of choice apples. Mr. Avis, the president, manages the business in St. Louis, while Messrs. Keightley and Blake, the other officers, control the works at Clarksville, Mo. Mr. Avis is a native of St. Louis, and is widely known in business circles for his promptness and integrity. They occupy in St. Louis a spacious ground floor and basement, each being 40x150 feet in area, where a heavy stock is always on hand. A strong force is employed at the works during the season, and they also have a number of traveling salesmen on the road. The trade of this concern is principally with jobbing houses, having agents in principal cities of the Southwest and Northwest. They also have additional cellars located at Nos. 209 and 211 N. Second street, 50x140 feet in dimensions.

EHRET-WARREN MANUFACTURING CO.

Among the large firms of St. Louis, who make a specialty of the manufacture and trade in roofing and paving materials, none have achieved a more conspicuous or more thoroughly deserved success than the Ehret-Warren Manufacturing Company. This firm was established as long ago as the year 1848, by Messrs. S. D. Warren & Co, and in 1888 was amalgamated with Messrs. M. Ehret & Co., and incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a capital of $150,000, the present style being adopted. The spacious and well arranged office and warerooms, occupy the ground floor at 113 N. Eighth street, where a full stock of every article pertaining to the trade is carried. Among these are included roofing and paving pitch, roofing felts, saturated sheathing, building and sheathing papers, paraffine varnish, paints, oil, coal tar, and the great specialty, which has made the name of this company famous namely, "Black Diamond Roofing," which is absolutely impervious, impenetrable and everlasting. The factory occupies a half block on Levee and Convent street, and consists of a substantial two-story building, well equipped with every appliance suitable to the work, with spacious yards affording the finest facilities for storage and shipment. Here a force of between twenty-five and thirty hands are engaged in the various details and processes of the industry, a close supervision being exercised over every department and best methods known to the trade being adopted. From this center, goods are shipped to all parts of the United States, the house having achieved a position of the greatest prominence in this important line. Its operations have been invaluable to the building up of the trade of St. Louis, and during the forty-three years of its existence, the establishment has formed a circle of connections that have assisted materially in attracting to this city a most desirable class of customers.

ST. LOUIS ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.

The importance of electricity in mechanics, the arts and for commercial purposes, has become so well recognized that its adoption has become nearly universal. The use of it for lighting and motors has made it necessary to manufacture numerous supplies, and it is of the utmost importance that these be obtained from reliable parties in order to insure their quality and economy. In this regard it is with the greatest pleasure we refer to the St. Louis Electrical Supply Company, which is one of the most reliable and substantial concerns in the business and the foremost in this city. It was incorporated in 1890, under the laws of Missouri, with a capital of $25,000. Mr. E. Ruebel, president and treasurer, has had a wide experience as a practical and expert electrician, and is well known in leading scientific circles as well as among the leading authorities on the subject of electricity. The business of this company is conducted at No. 809 Locust street, where the company occupies the ground floor of the large three-story brick building, 25x75 feet in dimensions. Here they carry an immense stock of all kinds of electrical goods, consisting of arc and incandescent lamps, wire of all sizes, switches, globes, carbons, dynamos, motors, brushes, gongs, alarms, coils, locks, batteries, magnets, coils, etc. This company controls the Southwestern Electric Engineering Co., which is incorporated under the laws of Missouri. This company make a specialty of wiring buildings, and for the erection of complete plants, having competent, experienced experts in their employ. They are in direct connection with all the standard manufacturing companies and fully guarantee their supplies. They have an extensive trade south and west, and find their business steadily on the increase. This company is worthy of the utmost confidence, and have an established reputation. They carry superior goods and can furnish the trade with supplies as low as can be met in competition.

KLUTE BROS.

Any commercial history or business review of St. Louis would be incomplete without an extended notice of the well-known firm of Klute Bros., dealers in groceries and provisions, and also wholesale and retail dealers in hay, oats, corn, bran and feed, at Nos. 1301 and 1303 S. Seventh street, at the southwest corner of Rutger street. This splendid business was established at the above location by the present proprietors, Mr. John and Mr. August F. Klute, in 1877. From the first opening of their business they have met with a liberal patronage, and by their industry and thrift have increased their business until now they are among the leading merchants in their line in the city. The double stores occupied by Klute Bros, are each 40x60 feet in size, and are specially fitted and adapted for their business. At No. 1301 the firm carries a large and choice stock of staple and fancy groceries, provisions and produce, also a large stock of canned goods and table delicacies. At No. 1303 they have their wholesale and retail store of hay, oats, corn, bran, feed and millstuffs. Four experienced and courteous assistants are employed in their business, while two teams are kept busy in delivering orders to their large trade in all parts of the city. Both Mr. John Klute and Mr. August F. Klute, were born and raised in St. Louis, and although young men, by their energy and industry have built up a splendid trade. Their numerous customers are always assured of having the very best quality of goods, and at prices which make it an inducement to buy of them. Orders in either department of their establishment are always delivered promptly, and satisfaction in all cases guaranteed.

143

BEMIS BRO. BAG COMPANY.

One of the most important concerns in this city, or indeed in this section, is the Bemis Bro. Bag Company. Its extensive trade, wide influence and importance as manufacturers and importers make it most worthy of extended notice. The establishment of the business dates back to 1858, when it was begun by Messrs. Bemis & Brown, who were succeeded later by the firm of Bemis, Brown & Company. In 1885 the business was changed to a stock company, which was duly incorporated with a capital of $350,000, which was increased to meet the greatly increased demands and rapidly increasing business to $750,000 in 1888. The president of the company is Mr. Judson M. Bemis, who resides in Boston, Mass., while the secretary, Mr. Stephen A. Bemis, resides here and gives the extensive interests his personal supervision. This company has important branches in the most important cities, principally Boston, Minneapolis, Omaha and New Orleans, and in addition to doing an immense business, exerts a widespread influence in its special line. The house is represented on the Merchants' Exchange, and the members are otherwise identified with important commercial and industrial interests. In 1886 the company moved to their present spacious quarters, at Nos. 601 to 613 S. Fourth street, where they own and occupy a massive six-story brick building, 60x150 feet in dimensions, having an office adjoining, 60x40 feet. These buildings are well adapted for manufacturing purposes, and are fully equipped with all the most approved appliances and conveniences, having steam power, elevators, machinery, etc. The company does a large business, both as manufacturers and importers, and handle an immense trade from all sections of the country, that handled from this house, being the Western states and territories. In addition to the large buildings mentioned above the company utilizes several warehouses for the storage of the goods they handle. They carry heavy stocks, which includes cotton flour sacks, export bags, paper flour sacks, burlap bags, ore sacks, flax, sail, cotton, jute and wool bag twines, and every description of bags and bagging material. The business although very extensive is being constantly increased and exerts a widespread influence in all directions. The gentlemen who are at the head of the concern have become masters of the business and by their long experience, high reputation, superior goods, and great financial strength are more than able to meet any competition, so that this house, not only maintains its prestige, but is constantly widening the horizon of its influence. The staff of employees number several hundreds and the whole are controlled with the best judgment and the highest remuneration.

M. PETERSON.

In this age of refinement, wealth and enterprise, the demands of all classes are more exacting than ever before, and in no business is it more apparent than in that devoted to the care and adornment of the hair. The leading exponent of this art in the city of St. Louis, and the recognized authority in everthing pertaining to hair goods, is Mr. M. Peterson, importer of human hair and the manufacturer of the latest styles of hairgoods, whose store and parlors are located at Nos. 700 and 702 N. Broadway. Mr. Peterson was born in Denmark and came to the United States in the spring of 1863, landing at New York city, where he met with a serious injury to his legs, compelling him to seek light employment. He then obtained a position in a human hair goods establishment and in the month of May, 1866, removed to St. Louis, where he established a wholesale house, importing human hair direct from Europe. In 1888 he opened his retail store, and his patronage now extends throughout the principal cities and towns of the Southern, Southwestern, Western and Northwestern states. The premises occupied comprise two spacious floors, the second floor being devoted to offices, ladies' and children's hair dressing and shampooing parlors, etc., which are elegantly equipped and provided with every convenience. Mr. Peterson keeps on hand an extensive and valuable stock of human hair, street and theatrical wigs, bangs, switches, toilet articles of every description, hairpins, crimping pins, cosmetics, puff powder, rouge and everything necessary for the boudoir. He employs twenty persons in his establishment, and sends out 15,000 catalogues annually. A specialty is made of the cutting, curling, shampooing, singeing, etc., of ladies' and children's hair by skilled artists, lady assistants being always in attendance. Wigs, braids, curls, bangs, hair jewelry, etc., are made to order at short notice. His charges are noted for their moderation and he makes every effort to please the most critical and exacting. Mr. Peterson is highly regarded by the community for his integrity and courtesy, and his emporium is the favorite resort in St. Louis for fashionable ladies requiring the finest and best grades of hair-goods and toilet articles. Mr. Peterson is a prominent Freemason, and has been Master of the Pride of West Lodge, No. 179, and also served as High Priest of O'Sullivan Chapter, No. 40. He is likewise a member of Ivanhoe Commandery, the Knights of Honor and the Knights of Pythias.

M. J. BOYLAN & CO.

Although but recently established, the furniture and outfitting house of M. J. Boylan & Co. has become one of the best known and most popular in the city. Mr. Boylan has been in the furniture business for eighteen years, but this is the latest and most successful venture. The business is conducted at No. 1117 Olive street, which is one of the most eligible locations in the city. Here they occupy a fine three-story building, having a good storage basement, and being 25 feet front, by no feet deep. They carry a fine stock of furniture of all kinds, chamber suits, parlor suits, chairs, tables, chief-foniers, bookcases, desks, etc., also carpets, rugs and curtains in great variety, fine stoves, etc. These are either sold for cash or on easy payments to suit their many patrons. The stock is all new, containing the latest designs, and is very complete in every particular. The entire building is utilized for stock, and a warehouse at 907 Market street is also used for surplus. The business has been most satisfactory from the start and increased rapidly. Good treatment is a characteristic of the house, and the numerous patrons are always ready to indorse the firm. The gentlemen who conduct this business are well and favorably known in business and social circles, and stand very high commercially. Mr. Boylan is a native of this city and a gentleman of courteous manners, and rare business tact. Mr. J. J. Fitzwilliam was born in Ireland, and has resided in St. Louis since 1843. He is also highly respected, energetic and reliable.

CHAS. F. LUTZ.

In these days when so much care and attention are devoted to the interior decoration of homes, it is always well to know where to go for a complete and reliable selection of wallpapers, and we cannot too highly recommend the store of Mr. Charles F. Lutz, at No. 2413 S. Broadway. Mr. Lutz, who is now thirty-seven years of age, came here from Germany when a boy of twelve. He has been engaged in this business for the past fifteen years and opened this store on his own account about four years ago. The place is 29x50 feet in dimensions and is most conveniently equipped and arranged for the convenient handling and display of the very large stock carried, which not only embraces an almost endless variety of wallpapers, friezes, dados, ceilings and borders, but also window shades in every tint, and oilcloths and carpets of every description at lowest prices. In order to save his customers any unnecessary trouble, Mr. Lutz undertakes every kind of whitening and paperhanging, and all his work is done with the utmost care, and finished in the best possible style, while his prices will be found more reasonable than elsewhere. Mr. Lutz makes a special feature of fitting and laying carpets and guarantees satisfaction.

144

TODDS

The prosperous establishment conducted by the Todds & Stanley Mill Furnishing Company constitutes the oldest established and one of the largest enterprises of its type in the United States. It dates its existence back to March, 1835, In 1882 the concern become a corporate organization capitalized at $100,000, and officered as follows: Henry Stanley, president and treasurer; Washington Todd, vice-president; E. C, Teuscher, secretary, and N. Cornelius, superintendent. The premises occupied comprise a five-story and basement building, extending from No. 907 to 919 N. Second street, covering a ground area of nearly two acres, with additional three-story and basement warehouse directly opposite, at No. 914 N. Second street. Nothing that the accumulated experience of a lifetime could devise has been omitted to render every department complete, while constant employment is provided for 200 to 300 skilled assistants. The range of mill furnishings and supplies made and handled cover a 182 page illustrated catalogue, (which will be sent free on application to all interested), and hence particularization in these already overcrowded columns is out of the question. Suffice it, therefore to say, that this company ranks among the largest manufacturers of any dealers in mill furnishings and supplies on this continent, while as builders of roller mills they have few equals and no superiors in the world. As manufacturers of the Cornelius Internal Roller Mill, this company have an international reputation, it being considered wherever introduced, as the ne plus ultra system of milling that has ever been in use. This machine is designed to reduce the wheat berry as nearly as possible to bran and flour in one operation, and by so doing avoid the scouring to which the partly finished bran is subject in ordinary roller milling. Exhaustive details will be furnished millers and mill owners on all points relating to this class of mill, and any and all furnishings and supplies on addressing the company, No. 917 and 919 North Second street, St. Louis, Mo. The business is distributed throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico, no insignificant feature of the trade being the exportation of supplies to European and Australasian ports. They have just closed the contract to rebuild the G. P. Plant Milling Co's mill with Cornelius rolls, with a daily capacity of 2,400 barrels.

HARRIS & FRENCH.

The merchant tailoring interest of St. Louis is on a plane with what might be looked for in a city that is rapidly growing in wealth and population. Among the firms engaged in the business that have contributed toward elevating the tastes of the gentlemen of the city to a proper appreciation of what constitutes the correct modes in wearing apparel may be mentioned Harris & French. The business was established in 1877 by the firm and continued until 1885 when Mr. Harris died and Mr. French bought put his interest. From its inception the establishment has been conducted with a liberality and enterprise that has gained for it a wide reputation and may be regarded as the most popular in the city. The custom is very largely drawn from the elite, requiring three practical cutters, besides Mr. French and twenty-five selected skilled tailors in filling orders. The premises occupy three floors, each 20x30 feet in dimensions, of the building No. 705 Olive street, are well equipped for all purposes of the business; the stock and sales room is on the ground floor, the cutting department on the second and the workrooms on the third. The stock of fine woolens and suitings of American and imported English, French and German fabrics is complete and embraces the newest styles and patterns, as well as the standard goods generally sought after by those more conservative in the character of their dress. Mr. French who was born in Ohio has resided in St. Louis a quarter of a century. He has had a long practical experience as a cutter which, coupled with an intuitive knowledge of what constitutes symmetry and beauty in design in wearing apparel, has given him a wide popularity and his establishment is the recognized headquarters for first-class merchant tailoring. He supervises every detail of his business with a solicitude and experience that insures perfection in all garments which are so well made, perfect and tasteful as to defy criticism, while prices are invariably governed by a sense of moderation for which this establishment has always been noted. In every respect this is one of the representative tailoring establishments of the city, and there is no concern in St. Louis that bears a more honorable record for square dealing and for the superior quality of the goods handled, and none are receiving a more liberal share of the first-class custom in the city.

145

INTERNATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUIS.

Among the most popular and conservatively conducted financial institutions of St. Louis is the "International Bank," which has under its present management won the confidence and patronage of the public at large to a remarkable degree. This is an old bank, having been organized in 1865, thus continuing until 1885, when it was reorganized, with a paid up capital of $200,000, the stock being taken by leading capitalists, and is held at a high premium, as one of the most remunerative of investments. The Board of Directors is composed as follows: Messrs. Carl Schraubstadter, J. H. Aug. Meyer, A. W. Straub, Adolph Herthel, Theo. Plate, C. Th. Uhlmann, John Maguire, A. C. Stifel, and J. Sibley White. A more thoroughly representative body of capitalists and business men could not have been gathered together, and their policy has been marked by that sound discretion which, while granting all legitimate facilities to customers, insures profitable returns on the business transacted. President August W. Straub has permanently retained the office since the reorganization, and is specially qualified to guide the institution aright, having had wide experience and great success as a financier. He has the valued support of Mr. J. Sibley White as vice-president, and Mr. Adolph Herthel as cashier, a bank officer of wide experience, and connected with the bank for the past ten years. There is no more popular bank officer in St. Louis than he. Mr. F. A. Hehmann is the assistant cashier. The comparative statement of this institution since its reorganization is of the most gratifying character. As against assets of $397,240.08 on Jan. 1, 1886, it had on Jan. 1, 1892, $953,020.07. As against deposits of $288,952 in 1886 it had no less than $692,851.26 on Jan. 1, 1892, while as against no surplus in 1886, it had the handsome sum of $50,000 in 1891, with over $10,168.81 of undivided profits in addition. These are figures that speak louder than words as to the character of the management, and the bank has before it a long and useful career. It owns its handsome building, and offers every convenience and facility to customers. A general business is transacted; it discounts much of the choicest commercial paper issued, buys and sells foreign exchange, issues drafts, makes collections on all points, and is in every respect qualified to meet to the fullest extent the wants of the public. It is highly popular with business men, and President Straub and his associates are to be congratulated upon the prosperity of the bank.

HOME NOVELTY MANUFACTURING CO.

St. Louis is the home of many useful industries that lie out of the beaten path, but contains none of more practical value to experimenters and inventors directly, and indirectly to the community at large, than that to which the energies of the Home Novelty Manufacturing Co., are devoted. This business was established and incorporated in 1889, and now has a capital of $20,000, for the production of novelties in light machinery, castings, wood and metal patterns, and model works, and for this purpose utilizes a substantial two-story brick structure on the corner of Tenth and Walnut streets, 60x150 feet in dimensions, and admirably adapted and arranged for the peculiar necessities of the work. On the first floor is situated the office and blacksmiths' department while that above is used as the designing room, and contains the machinery appliances, all of which are of the most improved type, chosen with special reference to the requirements of the trade. Electric power is the motive force and also supplies the light, an arrangement that conduces greatly to success, and every legitimate means is adopted for the furtherance of trade, and for exactly meeting the wants of customers in every line covered by their operations. They do all kinds of gear cutting, milling, planing, punching and turning, and have a department devoted to brass finishing and the manufacture of brass castings of every description, making a specialty of light complicated machinery and experimental work on inventions, being the only house in the West who include this latter branch in the scope of their business. They are experts in the production of patterns and models of any desired kind, and add to their comprehensive line the cutting of steel dies and Allen seals. They have just added to their plant, a brass foundry, japanning, tinning and nickel plating works. The business, which is one of great volume and importance, covers the states of Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, Colorado, Iowa, Tennessee and Oregon, embracing the whole of the West, both North and South, and requiring the constant services of from forty to fifty specialists, who work directly under the supervision of the officers of the company. These are Messrs. L. A. Brown, president; J. H. French, vice-president, and D. Strawbridge, secretary, all of whom are expert and ingenious men, who are well qualified for the difficult work they perform. Mr. Brown is a native of Missouri, and held the position of general agent for a number of years for the J. J. Chase Threshing Machine Co. Mr. Strawbridge has been recognized for upward of twenty years as the leading pattern maker of St. Louis, and a gentleman of great ability and capacity. The house fills a special place among the important industries of the West, and has become indispensable to a large and important class, who, by its aid are enabled to perfect their inventions and improvements, and to place them on the market in the most useful and practical shape.

JNO. A. MILLER.

Among those who have established a wide reputation for skill and ability as pattern and model makers in St. Louis is Mr. Jno. A. Miller, whose office and workshop is at 210 and 212 Morgan street, telephone 2734. He has had practical experience of twenty-five years at the trade, having served his time at the old Mississippi foundry of the firm of Gaty McCune Co. of this city. For a period of three years he was employed by T. F. Whitney of Louisiana, Mo.; five years with the St. Louis Car Wheel Co.; four years with the St. Charles Car Co.; eight years with Win. C. Turner, millwright in machine shop. Worked also for the Co-operative Iron Works, Eagle Foundry, St. Louis Foundry, Smith & Beggs, Geo. Fritz, F. Medart, and others in the capacity of his trade. Also served three years as a soldier during the war and was honorably discharged after three active years, service. In 1886 he embarked in business on his own account, and has since met with success which has been well merited and deserved. The equipment of his establishment is abreast of the times and employs first-class skilled labor. He has conveniences, experience and ripe judgment in his line of work which place him in the front rank as a first-class pattern and model maker. He is widely known, is prompt in the fulfillment of his orders, and reliable. Mr. Miller is an ingenious workman of skill in his business, has enterprise and push, and keeps up with the progress of the age, giving his attention to making patterns to suit his customers for general work, such as car wheels, car work, chilled and sweep work, street car track work, and general machinery, also model and metal patterns. An inventor of considerable ability in reducing complications to a minimum as he has done in his vehicle wrench. He has taken out several patents in this country, Canada and England. Two of these he is now manufacturing, his ratchet wrench and drill, and vehicle wrench. With this last named wrench he has met with large success, it having been adopted as a standard by the buggy and carriage trade. He had it on exhibit at the convention of the Carriage Builders' National Association, held at Music Hall at Cincinnati, O., October 21-23, 1891, where orders were taken for 100,000 of these wrenches for the ensuing year. They were given very general attention and highly mentioned by all, as an ingenious tool, not needing any adjustment to fit four square, two hexagon, two octagon nuts, and are used throughout the country. They are indorsed by the hardware trade and recommended largely and are used extensively throughout the country, and exported to all parts. They are to be found on sale at all hardware houses throughout the country. Mr. Miller was born in this city and has always resided here, with the exception of the period previously mentioned. He belongs to the Masons and Odd Fellows.

146

MERRY & NICHOLSON, A department of industry which has been developed to a high plane of perfection in this city, and which has many worthy exponents, is that of printing, and those establishments engaged in it are contributing greatly to advance the material interests of the community. One of our deservedly successful and reliable concerns in St. Louis engaged in printing commercial and artistic work is that of Messrs. Merry & Nicholson, whose workrooms and office are situated at the northeast corner of Main and Locust streets. This business was established several years ago by Messrs. Eschelbach & Company, who were succeeded in April 1890 by the present firm. The copartners, Messrs. H. L. Merry and C. B. Nicholson are thoroughly practical and expert printers, who make a specialty of price lists and artistic work. They occupy a commodious floor, and operate by electric power, four presses, paper cutters, etc. The latest ornamental type is utilized, and the range of work includes the printing of all kinds of books, catalogues, pamphlets, visiting and business cards, letter, note, bill and statement headings, menu cards, etc. Estimates are promptly furnished and contracts are executed satisfactorily at lowest figures, consistent with first-class work. Mr. Merry is a native of St. Louis, while Mr. Nicholson was born in Illinois, but has resided in this city for the last fifteen years. They are honorable and prompt in all their business transactions, and their success as artistic printers, is as substantial, as it is well-deserved.

ST. LOUIS BUTCHERS' SUPPLY COMPANY.

One of the principal industries of St. Louis is the packing houses, and meat preparing, and preserving companies, where every year thousands of head of cattle, sheep, and hogs are prepared for the market. An important feature of this business is, of course, the supplies for butchers and packers, and the leading concern in this line of manufacture is the St. Louis Butchers' Supply Company, whose offices warehouses and factory are at Nos. 1537, 1539, and 1541 N. Fifteenth street. This concern was established and incorporated under the state laws of Missouri in 1887, with cash capital of $10,000, and the following officers elected: Mr. H. Geers, president; Mr. L. C. Lenck, vice-president, and Mr. Charles W. Wenke, secretary and treasurer. They occupy a substantial two-story brick building at the above location, their premises being 60x120 feet in size, and are fully equipped with all the latest improved machinery and appliances for the manufacture of their specialties. They are manufacturers of and dealers in all kinds of butchers' and packers' machinery, tools, refrigerators, market, slaughter-house and store fixtures to the smallest particular, and also deal in sausage casings, spices, paper — in fact, all that the butcher or market man may want or use in his business. The company has a splendid trade, not only locally, but in the South and West, where they keep two traveling men on the road. The president, Mr. Geers, is a native of Germany, and has been in business in St. Louis for the past thirty years. Mr. Lenck, the vice-president, was born and raised in St. Louis, and Mr. Wenke, the secretary and treasurer, is a native of Germany, with an eight years' residence in St. Louis.

WILLIAM TAYLOR.

Among the active, energetic and flourishing houses in this city engaged in the manufacture of ranges and furnaces, etc., is that of Mr. William Taylor, No. 1228 Pine street. The premises utilized in the business consist of a ground floor and basement, each being 25x75 feet in dimensions. They are spacious and commodious, every facility for the manufacturing and the storage and display of stock being at hand, while the store is handsomely appointed and well ordered in every respect. A heavy and first-class stock is carried, comprising ranges, heaters and furnaces, laundry stoves, portable bake ovens, hotel boilers, etc. The house manufactures superior coffee and tea urns, tin, sheet iron and copper ware of all kinds, making a specialty of hotel copper ware. The factory is well provided with all the latest improved mechanical appliances for sheet metal working, permanent employment being afforded twelve skilled hands. The method of heating residences and buildings generally by means of hot water has become a favorite one and in this connection we would call particular attention to William Taylor's hot water boiler for heating residences churches, educational institutions, hotels, stores, convents greenhouses, and all public buildings. Mr. Taylor promptly furnishes estimates for all kinds of heaters, and his patronage is steadily increasing, owing to the superiority, efficacy and reliability of his heaters, which are general favorites wherever introduced. Hundreds of his boilers and heater are now in successful operation in all parts of the city and country, giving the best satisfaction. Too much care cannot be taken in all matters connected with laying and setting in furnace, and the cutting down of a few dollars on the original cost often results in regret and expense thereafter Mr. Taylor is a native of England, and has resided in St Louis for a great many years. He is highly regarded in trade circles for his integrity. The trade of the house extends throughout the city and state.

147

ALOIS AUFRICHTIG.

A representative and one of the most successful manufacturers of copper and sheet iron work in St. Louis is Mr. Alois Aufrichtig, whose office and works are located on Lombard street. This flourishing industry was established twelve years ago by Mr. Aufrichtig, who was formerly with the firm of L. P. Fries, Son & Co. The proprietor is an able and expert coppersmith, fully conversant with every detail of this useful and important industry, and the requirements of the most exacting customers. He occupies a spacious two-story brick building, 58x130 feet in area, fully equipped with special tools, machinery and appliances operated by steam power. The first floor is devoted to sheet iron work, and the second to the production of copper goods. Fifteen first-class workmen are employed, who turn out all kinds of copper, brass and iron articles required for breweries, distilleries, malt houses, candy and white lead factories, sugar refineries, chemical works, also soda and mineral water apparatus, and machinery for beer bottlers. All articles are made of the best material, and are unrivaled for utility, reliability, workmanship and efficiency, while the prices quoted for them are exceedingly just and moderate. Orders are promptly and carefully attended to, and the trade of the house extends throughout all sections of Missouri and the adjacent states. Mr. Aufrichtig was born in Germany, but has resided in St. Louis for the last twelve years. He was previously in business in Chicago, and is widely known in trade circles for his mechanical ability, skill and strict integrity. Persons requiring any kind of copper, brass or iron work in this line should pattonize this reliable house, which offers advantages very difficult to duplicate elsewhere.

LAMSON CONSOLIDATED STORE SERVICE CO.

The most ingenious of mechanical devices which have appeared within the past few years is the Lamson Total-Adding Cash Register manufactured by the Lamson Consolidated Store Service Co. of Boston, Mass. The Lamson cash register is the only total adding key register in the world. It is the strongest and most durable machine ever manufactured. No springs are employed in its construction, and it never gets out of order. The total amount of sales may be seen at a glance at any hour of the day. The Lamson registers are in use throughout the country and as an evidence of their superiority over all others, it is only necessary to mention that they took the highest awards at Philadelphia and Boston in 1890, the Paris Exposition in 1889, and at the World's Fair in New Orleans. To guard against petty resorts of the National Cash Register Company's agents such as intimidating intending purchasers against buying our register, claiming it to be an infringement against the National, we are prepared to furnish bonds in any amount, and will protect, free of any expense or trouble, users of a Lamson register. The Lamson is not an infringement, but it is a far superior register to the National. Do not be bulldozed or frightened, as the Lamson Company, with their $4,000,000 capital, is amply responsible. As to the standing of the Lamson Company we refer you to The Wm. Barr Dry Goods Company; Scruggs, Vandervoort & Barney; B. Nugent & Bro., D. Crawford & Co., The Famous, Penny & Gentles — all of these firms being users of the Lamson cash carrier system, which is also used by 75,000 merchants in the United States and throughout the world. The agent for the sale of these unsurpassed registers is Mr. John E. Mohan, whose office and salesroom is on the second floor of the building northeast corner Broadway and Chestnut streets. He has only been established here about seven months, but in that time, by his untiring energy and enterprise, has built up a large business, necessitating the employment of four traveling sales men and six assistants in the office. His sales amount to about $5,000 per month, and are steadily increasing. The registers are sold for cash and on installments, and a written guarantee for two years is given with each machine. Mr. Mohan is popular and prominent in political and social circles. He was a member of the House of Delegates and also editor and manager of the As You Like It. He sold out his interest in the paper and has since given his attention to the sale of the cash register.

G. W. COX.

The popular pharmacy conducted by Mr. G. W. Cox, at 3300 Morgan streets, was established five years ago by Mr. W. H. Watson, and Mr. Cox bought out the business a short time ago. Mr. Cox is himself a native of Illinois and has been in St. Louis for a number of years. He is in every way a business man, and thoroughly fitted to conduct an establishment of this kind. His prescription department is in charge of himself and T. E. Hausoman. He is a graduate of Iowa Medical College and College of Physicians and Surgeons in Iowa; he has had considerable experience, having been in this business and a practicing physician since 1865. He was physician and surgeon on the Wabash line for a number of years, and medical director of the Masonic Relief Association of Clayton, Ill. T. E. Hausoman is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. The class of patrons who frequent this store is all that can be desired. The stock includes the accustomed lines of pure and fresh drugs and chemicals, also toilet requisites, soaps, perfumes cigars, fancy articles, proprietary remedies, side room necessaries, surgical appliances and general drugstore sundries. The store is supervised and managed by Mr. C. H. Cox, a son of the proprietor.

GREAT WESTERN PRINTING CO.

The business of lithographing has much of art connected with it. To get the best effects in coloring and the finest shades and tones in stone work brings into play the same taste, skill, and talents that mark the work of the painter or crayon artist. A representative, and one of the leading houses in St. Louis, transacting a general lithographing, printing and engraving business, is that known as the Great Western Printing Company, Nos. 511 and 513 Market street. This business was established in 1881 by the Globe-Democrat Job Printing Company. It was eventually succeeded by the present company, which has been duly incorporated under the laws of Missouri with a paid-up capital of $60,000, and its trade now extends not only throughout the entire United States and Canada, but also Mexico, South America and Australia. They occupy a spacious and substantial four-story and basement building, 32x110 feet in area. The basement is devoted to press work; the first floor to offices and stock; the second to composing, while the third is occupied by artists and engravers, and the fourth is the cutting and trimming room. The plant of machinery is one of the finest in the state, including fifteen presses and other modern appliances, which are operated by a forty horse power steam engine. Here from seventy-five to one hundred skilled workmen are employed, and they keep as transfer artists some of the leading professionals in the United States. All kinds of first-class lithographic and pictorial work is done by this company, from the neat card to the largest and most conspicuous poster, and among their samples of work done may be noted some real works of art. Their facilities also for getting out large catalogues and bookwork, newspapers, railroad and commercial printing of all kinds are unsurpassed in the city. Orders are promptly and carefully executed in the highest style of the art at exceedingly moderate prices, and entire satisfaction is guaranteed to the most critical patron. The officers are enterprising, honorable and able business men and popular citizens. Mr. Donaldson is a well-known member of the St. Louis bar, while Mr. Allen is ex-mayor of the city. Mr. F. Swick, the manager, was formerly connected with the Globe-Democrat Job Printing Company. He is an authority on all matters pertaining to printing and lithography, and carefully supervises all work. Estimates are promptly furnished for all kinds of printing, lithography, etc., upon application, and those giving orders to the company will secure the greatest satisfaction in the thoroughly artistic manner in which all work will be accomplished.

148

MEYER, BANNERMAN & CO.

St. Louis is to be congratulated upon having located in its midst the leading and largest wholesale saddlery house in the West, viz., that of Messrs. Meyer, Bannerman & Co., whose magnificent seven-story and basement establishment is so centrally located at the southwest corner of Sixth street and Lucas avenue. The business was founded in 1867 upon a comparatively small scale, but Messrs. Meyer & Bannerman speedily developed a flourishing trade, based upon the superior quality of their product. Repeated enlargements of their facilities were necessitated, and eventually in 1888 they erected their present architecturally handsome edifice, specially planned to meet their advanced requirements, and which is the handsomest in the line of saddlery to be found anywhere in the United States, and is fully equipped with all the modern improvements, while the latest improved machinery and appliances have been introduced upon the upper floors, where is located their complete and extensive manufacturing department. The firm are the leading jobbers and manufacturers of saddlery hardware in all its branches. Their premises are seven stories and basement in height, and 76x110 feet in dimensions, thus giving an enormous area of floor space. From 275 to 300 hands are employed in the various departments, which cover everything known to the trade, from the finest to the ordinary grades. Quality has ever been the first consideration with this honorable and enterprising house, which has secured a trade of enormous magnitude, covering every section of Missouri, Southern Illinois, Kansas, Iowa, Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, Wyoming, Wisconsin, South Dakota, Montana, Indian Territory, Arkansas, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, etc. The firm offers the most substantial inducements to the trade, and numbers among its permanent customers the leading dealers and manufacturing saddlers everywhere. Fifteen to eighteen travelers are required constantly on the road, while the firm issues a fully illustrated descriptive catalogue of 270 pages, of which an edition of fully 5,000 is distributed annually. The co-partners, Messrs. Jacob and Isaac Meyer and James Bannerman, are merchants of the soundest judgment and marked executive ability. They are universally respected, and have developed this immense concern on the basis of supplying reliable goods only — the best in every grade, and at prices not equaled elsewhere, and their establishment has not its counterpart for the extent and variety of stock carried, and will issue in March one of the handsomest catalogues known to the trade.

R. HARTMANN & CO.

Among the most prosperous houses devoted to this important line of trade in St. Louis is that of Messrs. R. Hartmann & Company, commission merchants for the sale of butter and cheese, eggs, beans, peas, and produce generally at No. 101 North Main street, corner of Chestnut street. This flourishing business was founded in 1882 by Mr. Hartmann, who has since maintained a most enviable standing in the commercial world. Bringing to the business a thorough practical knowledge of it in all its branches, he at once established influential connections in all the leading markets of the country, and built up a trade which in volume and extent is unsurpassed by that of any other house in this city. The building occupied for trade purposes is of brick, four stories high, and covers an area of 25x100 feet. These spacious premises are well appointed throughout, and are fully equipped with all modern conveniences and facilities for the safe storage and prompt handling of the heavy and comprehensive stock always carried on hand. Mr. Hartmann is deservedly popular with producers and shippers as an honorable and responsible merchant. He handles all kinds of country produce, making a leading specialty of dairy and creamery products, of which he has the choicest in the city. He is in daily receipt of large shipments of choice butter and cheese from the best producing sections, and is at all times in a position to fill orders of any magnitude with the best goods at lowest market prices. His trade is exclusively wholesale, and dealers will find it to their advantage to place their orders with him. He makes liberal advances in respect of consignments, and enjoys an enviable reputation for the promptness with which he makes account sales and returns proceeds. He sells to the best class of trade in the city, and shippers can rely upon having their products promptly disposed of, and their interests intelligently promoted. Mr. Hartmann was born in Germany, and has been a respected citizen of St. Louis for the past twenty-eight years. He is an influential and popular member of the Board of Trade and is prominently connected with several of the leading social clubs,

UHRIG'S CAVE.

The providing of healthy and enjoyable amusement for the people of our cities is an absolute necessity, conducing not only to their physical well being, but also to their mental and moral improvement. The need of this legitimate recreation is especially pressing during the heat of summer, when the best ventilated theatres and halls are almost intolerable to those who have been busily engaged in office, store or factory all the day, and therefore require resorts where the open air and the cool shade may refresh and invigorate, while music and light acting amuse and draw the mind away from the cares of business. In St. Louis an ideal retreat of this kind is found at 2600 Washington avenue, known as Uhrig's Cave, of which Mr. Thos. McNeary is the gentlemanly proprietor. This resort has been in existence for half a century, and during that time has been steadily patronized by our most fashionable people, who highly appreciate the advantages it offers as a place for the recuperation of tired humanity. Mr. McNeary assumed charge ten years ago, and has spared neither pains nor expense to cater efficiently in all departments to the wants of the public, and to provide high class amusement that all can approve and patronize. He has successfully labored to make it a summer garden theater where light opera vies with the cool breezes and shady walks in attracting pleasure seekers, and where between acts ice cream or the many popular beverages peculiar to America may be sipped, and the congenial society of friends enjoyed, until the curtain is again rung up and the play continued. The pavilion is a two-story brick building, having a seating capacity of 3,000, and stage accommodation of the finest kind, while the bar occupies the front and is entirely separate, enabling the quiet glass or the fragrant cigar to be enjoyed with the faintest strains of harmony reaching the ear. The gardens in rear cover one-half of the square, extending back to Locust street, and are laid out in the most tasteful manner with winding paths beneath the overhanging boughs, and comfortable seats occupying shady nooks, forming an ideal place which one is not surprised to learn has been patronized by thousands of citizens since its inception. The beverages, to be obtained here, whether at the bar or elsewhere, are all of the highest quality, and polite and attentive waiters are always in attendance. Great care is taken to preserve the respectable character of the place, and it is this which has recommended it to the great majority, who find that they can rely on order being preserved and all unseemly conduct immediately repressed. Mr. McNeary is a native of St. Louis, and has shown the highest qualifications for his responsible position by his tact, enterprise and good judgment, and the popularity which he has achieved among all classes in the execution of his duties. The resort is one of the best managed and most perfectly arranged of any in the West, and it would be hard to estimate the benefit derived from it by the people of St. Louis during the fifty years that its hospitable doors have been open to all in search of pure and healthful recreation as many of our best citizens can testify.

SILBERSTEIN LADIES' TAILORING CO.

The fashionable circles of American society seek the most accurate styles, the correct fashions and the modes, as fast as they originated in Paris or London. There is no house in the city of St. Louis that is so well qualified to give entire satisfaction in these respects to the most critical patrons, as that known as the Silberstein Ladies' Tailoring Company, No. 1507 Olive street, of which Mr. Joseph Silberstein is the president and treasurer. This representative and progressive company was incorporated in 1891, with ample capital, and already has secured a liberal and influential patronage from the best classes of society of the city, and its vicinity. Mr. Silberstein has direct connections in Paris and London, and is always the first in St. Louis to get the latest correct modes, while at the same time he imports all the newest and most stylish fabrics, which can not be found anywhere else west of New York, so that ladies can here make selections with a knowledge that nowhere else in this city are they so sure of being suited. Only ladies' tailoring is done in this establishment, and a specialty is made of costumes, robes, cloaks, jackets, etc. The premises occupied comprise a spacious two-story brick building, 30x140 feet in dimensions. Here are elegant reception rooms for ladies, and 100 persons are employed in the establishment. Mr. Silberstein is a leading designer of ladies' costumes, and patrons who rely upon his good taste and sound judgment are certain to be satisfied, and in every detail handsomely and fashionably dressed. His tailor made gowns are superb, trimmed in the most exquisite manner, and carefully adapted to the necessities of each individual figure. Walking costumes, riding habits, cloaks, etc., are guaranteed to give complete satisfaction to the most exacting, both as to style, trimmings and workmanship, all work being done on the premises under the immediate supervision of experts. A heavy and choice stock of imported silks, cloths, woolens, etc., is always on hand, the leading specialties being habits, coats, ulsters, riding habits and traveling gowns, and only really first-class cutters are employed. Mr. Silberstein has been in business over 20 years. He is prompt, liberal and an honorable business man, who has ever given his wide circle of fashionable customers perfect satisfaction, while his prices in all cases are exceedingly just and moderate.

FRED S. BOLTE.

The oldest established house in the city for the sale of stoves, tinware and house furnishing goods, generally, is that known as the Union Stove Emporium, at No. 1310 N. Broadway. The business dates its existence back to 1856, when its doors were opened at the present stand by Mr. Frederick Bolte, father of the present proprietor, Mr. Frederick S. Bolte. In 1874 the father died, and the business was continued by his widow under the old name, until when she too died, in 1888, the present proprietor, who had been brought up in the business, and continued it during his mother's widowhood, assumed sole control. The business premises occupy two floors and basement of a four-story brick building, 25x110 feet in dimensions. The first floor is devoted to office and showrooms, the second to stockroom and workshop, and the basement to storage. A large and valuable stock is carried of stoves, tinware, enamel ware, hollow ware, brass goods, bird cages, kitchen utensils, and house furnishing goods of every description, and of fine and medium grades. A specialty is made of the American round washers. Every kind of repairing is promptly attended to, while stoves are put up and estimates furnished and contracts taken for roofing, guttering and spouting, and sheet iron and tin work generally. They employ a full force of salesmen and skilled workmen, so that customers can always be sure of prompt attention. Mr. Bolte is a member of the Master Tinners' Association, as well as a director of the Mullanphy Savings Bank.

W. BARNARD & CO.

It was thirty years ago when the well-known house of William Barnard & Co., stencil brand cutters and seal press engravers, was established in St. Louis, by Mr. William Barnard, and as his splendid business grew and increased, Mr. Samuel D. Arnold and Mr. J. Barney Venker were admitted to partnership and added much to the growth and prosperity of the firm. The business is a very extensive one, and is rapidly increasing, as the well-known excellence of their goods has made for them a reputation that is most creditable in all sections of the United States and Canada. They issue a handsomely illustrated and fully descriptive catalogue of their goods, which should be in the hands of every firm and institution needing goods in their line. Their rubber stamp goods, seals, wax seals, stencils, baggage and hotel checks, dates are all of superior quality, and lack the "chestnut fuz" of the old style cheap material in this line, which are so painful to the artistic eye. They manufacture the most complete line of goods that can be found in any market. Mr. Venker has lately invented a process of making rubber stamps by electricity, and at the time of this writing, this firm is the only firm in the world making rubber stamps by electricity. The process is entirely successful, and will soon be introduced throughout the country. Each member of the firm is a practical mechanic, and all orders receive their personal care and superintendence. Both Mr. Barnard and Mr. Arnold are natives of Vermont, while Mr. Venker is a native of St. Louis. They are active, energetic, sociable gentlemen, and with their force of six workmen, make it a point to fill all orders promptly and satisfactorily. Orders by mail are invariably filled the same day as received. Their office is at 324 Olive street, and the works at 314 and 316 Olive street.

JOHN GORMAN & BRO.

One of the most substantial concerns in this city is the house of John Gorman & Bro., commission merchants. This business was established in 1881, and has had a most prosperous career. The Messrs. Gorman are active and experienced men of business, and have achieved the most marked success in their line. They do a general commission business, handling Florida oranges, melons, berries, and small fruits, potatoes, onions, eggs, poultry, and all kinds of country produce. They receive consignments from all parts of the country, and have an excellent reputation for making prompt returns, and are well known in leading financial circles. The business is conducted at No. 812 N. Third street, where they have a commodious office and salesroom; their warehouses being located in varions parts of the city. The salesroom on Third street is 25x100 feet in dimensions, and is admirably adapted to the business. The business is from all parts of the South and West, the consignments being very large. This house also contracts for acreage fruit lands, from leading producers, having already this season packed and shipped over 8,000 barrels of apples, handled over 300 carloads of watermelons, and are recognized as the leading dealers in melons in the Northwest. Mr. John Gorman was born in Ireland, and has resided in St. Louis for twenty-five years. He is the president of the Moran Bolt and Nut Company. Mr. John Gorman has lived in this city for thirty years. Both are members of the Merchants' Exchange. Reference is made, by permission, to the Franklin Bank, Merchants' National Bank of St. Louis; Bank of Crystal Springs, Miss.; R. G. Dun & Co., E. W. Agnew & Co., Ocala, Fla.; E. L. Peterson, Fort Gaines, Ga.; and Bradstreet's Mercantile Agency.

150

B. F. MYERS' TAILORING CO.

A. H. SIPPY.

Since the inception of this enterprise three years ago, this store has become one of the leading centers of trade in this section of the city. The premises occupied are located corner Vandeventer and Finney avenue and are fitted up with every improved convenience to be found in a first-class store of this kind, and has handsomely fitted glass showcases, etc., and a fine marble soda fountain for the dispensing of the numerous health-giving summer beverages so popular with the people. The stock carried embraces a full line of pure and fresh drugs and chemicals, reputable patent medicines, druggists' sundries, fancy and toilet articles, physicians' supplies, cigars, etc., all of which have been selected with great care. A specialty is made of compounding physicians' prescriptions and family recipes in an accurate, prompt and careful manner, and nothing is wanting to render the establishment in every respect a model of its type. None but competent assistants are employed, and Mr. Sippy, who is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy, has earned an enviable reputation in professional circles as a thorough, reliable pharmacist, and a large and liberal patronage is the result, the prescription department being under his own personal supervision. Mr. A. H. Sippy was born in Illinois, where the town of New Madison has since been located; at the age of eighteen entered the St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons, and graduated at the Missouri Medical College, the following year entered the College of Pharmacy and has since been actively engaged in pharmacy in this city, where he is well known, and his ability and business, talents command influence and solid worth.

HUGH D. BURNS.

There is no line of trade so important to the public generally as is that which provides us with what we eat, and the most important of these is the one that supplies us with meat. A market where you can always be sure of getting fresh, clean meats and have the different kinds to select from; such a one in fact as is that of Mr. Hugh D. Burns at 2852 Easton avenue, and though established about three months has been a success since its opening. He keeps, constantly on hand a splendid stock of the best fresh, salt and smoked meats, poultry, game, fish, oysters, vegetables and fruits in season, canned goods, etc. One assistant is employed making a specialty of family trade and Mr. Burns is very thorough in his management. He is a native of Scotland, having been in St. Louis but a few months, and is a live, enterprising and energetic business man and fully merits the splendid trade the people of this section favor him with. His market is neatly arranged and fitted with refrigerators, coolers and all appurtenances that go to make up a first-class place, and patrons will find it as near perfection as the wants of the present times demand.

ST. LOUIS EXPRESS AND MESSENGER CO.

On March 7, 1887, the above company was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $50,000, under the title of the St. Louis Express and Messenger Company. The following gentlemen are the executive officers, viz.: H. A. Morsman, president; W. H. Damsel, vice-president; C. H. Smith, secretary and treasurer; C. T. Kincaid, superintendent. They occupy a spacious ground floor, at 112 N. Sixth street, the telegraph messenger department and offices being in front, while the freight department is in the rear. Fifty men and boys are employed, and uniformed messengers are used in the telegraphic service. They have 250 miles of wire in the city, and 1,500 call boxes, and also have branches at No. 210 N. Eighth street, and at Wm. Ban Dry Goods Company's establishment. All outside delivery work for express companies is done by this concern, beyond the latter's free delivery which includes — South: Barton street, Shenandoah, Grand avenue, and Laclede; West — Vanderventer avenue, Page avenue, and Grand avenue: North — St. Louis avenue. A specialty is made of baggage and parcel delivery, while heavy and light hauling is, executed at low rates. The offices are open day and night, and they also promptly furnish first-class carriages, coupes, etc. The business is entirely controlled by Mr. C. T. Kincaid, the superintendent, who is widely known for his energy, promptness, and strict integrity. Mr. Morsman, the president, is also general agent of the Pacific Express Company, while Mr. Damsel is general manager for the Adams Express Company, and Mr. C. H. Smith is secretary of the Central Trust Company. All orders receive immediate attention, and the telephone call of the company is 3946.

151

GUIGNON & GREENWOOD.

One of the best known real estate houses doing business in East St. Louis is that operating under the style of Guignon & Greenwood, real estate brokers, No. 417 Broadway. This house is the one that has made such a success of the well-known Rose Hill addition to East St. Louis, and also of the popular Clairmont addition. They also handle, in conjunction with Farrin & Tait, the Lansdown Heights property. They have splendid offices at No. 417 Broadway, and are favored with a very liberal patronage. They handle real estate, collect rents, negotiate loans, lay out additions, promote manufacturing enterprises, etc., and have a business that is increasing with phenomenal rapidity. The members of the firm are gentlemen of high social and business standing, and have access to large amounts of capital for investment, which places them in a position of unusual advantage. Mr. Emile S. Guignon is a native of Missouri, and was reared and educated at Ste. Genevieve. He has been in the employ of the Western Union Telegraph Company several times, and was also cashier for the Mutual Union Telegraph Company. He has also spent considerable time in the West, having been in business at Trinidad, Colo., and Santa Fe, N. M., and since his retnrn has been connected with the St. Louis department of the Mexican Exchange. Mr. Guignon is also a member of the house of Guignon Bros., real estate brokers, of St. Louis, Mo. Mr. M. Greenwood, Jr,, is a native of New Orleans, La., and is well posted on real estate, having lived here a number of years. Both gentlemen are active, intelligent and reliable, and are representative of our best class of real estate dealers and promoters.

WESTERN FANCIERS' AGENCY.

The leading representative establishment of its kind in St. Louis is that of the Western Fanciers' Agency, with headquarters at No. 215 Market street. Mr. Herman Roesch, the owner and proprietor, has been a dog and bird fancier all his life, and established in the city for a period of twenty years, and since 1887 occupied his present location. His residence, kennels and poultry yards are at No. 5617 Virginia avenue, corner of Bates street, where he has ample room and splendid facilities for all purposes of his business. He is specially engaged breeding, buying, selling and exchanging dogs of all kinds, pet animals, and high class poultry, and has established business connections throughout this and the surrounding states. He keeps in stock the choicest breeds of St. Bernard. Newfoundland, and English bulldogs, hounds, terriers, pugs, poodles, etc., canaries and other singing birds, mocking birds, fancy pigeons, rabbits, Guinea pigs and pet animals, spotted rats, white mice, ferrets, Maltese cats, and fowls of every kind, ducks, geese, turkeys, Guinea fowls, pea fowls, wood duck, domestic wild geese, etc. He also has a full stock of bird seed, cages, dog crackers, dog medicines, flea powders, carbolic soap, and everything that belongs to the business of the fancier. The store is 20x80 feet in dimensions, and, with the great variety of animals it contains, forms one of the attractive features of the thoroughfare on which it is located. Mr. Roesch is a reliable dealer, and enjoys the confidence of all having business relations with him.

ALBERT WENZLICK.

In the transfer of real estate, errors, flaws, forgeries, or other defects in the title are often overlooked, and the owner runs the risk of some claimant rising up, under some claim or lien to contest his title. Among the possible causes of trouble are forgeries of deeds or mortgages, dower rights; unsatisfied mortgages or liens; errors in title deeds or reading of same. The records of the county show many cases in which the innocent holder of real estate has been, ejected from or put to great loss in defending his rights thereto, and thus in view of the facilities enjoyed by some, who make the investigation of titles a special business, it is manifestly safer, handier and more economical to employ one who is recognized as an expert in this vitally important field of labor. In this connection we desire to mention Mr. Albert Wenzlick, investigator of titles, conveyancer, notary public and financial agent, whose offices are centrally located at No. 818 Chestnut street. This business was originally inaugurated by Mr. George Wenzlick in 1876, and in 1885, when Mr. Albert Wenzlick was admitted to partnership, the firm name became George Wenzlick & Brother. In 1890 Mr. George Wenzlick died, and his brother has since continued the business under the style of Albert Wenzlick, successor to George Wenzlick & Bro. Mr. Wenzlick's offices, at the address already indicated, are handsomely fitted up and furnished, and supplied with all the conveniences necessary for the transaction of this special business. A full and competent staff of assistants is employed, and he is prepared to investigate titles and prepare abstracts of same promptly, and in the most satisfactory manner. Mr. Wenzlick also acts as agent for those who desire to make safe investments of money. His varied experience, keen appreciation of values and large acquaintance with business men combine to render his services peculiarly valuable to parties wishing to invest money, and any and all business intrusted to his care is always faithfully and honorably attended to with promptness and dispatch. He is president of the Iron Hall Building and Loan Association, vice-president of the Bohemian, and the Home and House Building and Loan Association, and Secretary of the Columbian Building and Loan Association. He is also director of some fourteen other associations. Mr. Wenzlick is a native of St. Louis, and enioys a well earned success, as well as the regard of all with whom he has business relations.

AYRES FLORAL CO.

Among those in St. Louis engaged in the occupation of florists, it is safe to say that none deserve a better mention in this commercial review than Ayres Floral Co., at No. 3026 Easton avenue. Although but recently established, the store is certainly one of the attractive features of this neighborhood. It is elegantly appointed, the fixtures being finished in white enamel, with good plate glass showcases and ice refrigerator for the preservation of flowers. The whole is lighted by electricity, with a beautiful greenhouse and fernery in the rear, built especially with a view of meeting the demands of the business. The store is lavishly stocked with every species of fresh, cut and fragrant flowers of great variety, also bulbs, vines, shrubs and rare exotics, which are brought direct from the greenhouses. Besides cut flowers, a magnificent display is made of growing plants, ferns, palms, etc. The Ayres Floral Co. have acquired a wide reputation as artistic floral designers, and the many beautiful specimens of their handiwork are always in demand. They furnish flowers for parties, dinners, weddings, receptions, and emblematic designs for funerals, at short notice, and also plants, palms, etc., and decorate churches, chancels, private homes, ballrooms, halls, etc., in an appropriate style, and never fail to render the best satisfaction. Bouquets, boutonnieres, dried grasses and leaves can be had here at all times, also vases, hanging baskets, and everything that belongs to the business. The patronage comes from the best classes of the community, and it should be said to their credit that they are the leading recognized and most popular florists in this section of the city. This establishment is especially fitted up with a view to the successful propagation of plants, flowers and rare exotics, and they have a larger and better variety than any other concern in this vicinity. They are moderate in this prices, and about their handsome, attractive store there ir always a scene of busy activity. Orders by telephone (call 3078), by mail or otherwise, are promptly filled and delivered, and every care is paid to patrons.

152

GAY & McCANN.

Among the numerous firms of real estate brokers and agents whose combined operations have given such a wonderful impetus to the realty market of St. Louis, a prominent position in the foremost rank is due that of Messrs, Gay & McCann, whose offices are at No. 710 Chestnut street. This business was established in 1876 by Messrs. Tapp, Emerson and Gay. In 1882 Mr. Emerson died, and the firm became Tapp & Gay. In February, 1890, Mr. Tapp retired, and Mr. James V. McCann entered into partnership with Mr. T. E. Gay, and the present style of firm name was adopted. Both are gentlemen of excellent business training, and bring to bear a perfect knowledge of values, present and prospective, of real estate, not alone in St. Louis and its vicinity, but throughout the whole state and adjoining states. They carry on a general real estate business in all its branches, buying, selling, exchanging, leasing and letting all kinds of property for business, residential, farming, or purely speculative purposes. They publish a monthly list of properties in their hands, and investors will consult their interests by referring to it. They make a specialty of suburban and villa property, which contain many desirable plots, which they offer at low figures and on easy terms of payment. Loans on bond and mortgages are negotiated, the facilities of the firm in this direction being unsurpassed. They are also prepared to undertake the management of estates for non-resident owners, secure the best class of tenants, collecting rents promptly, paying taxes, etc., and maintaining the property at its highest state of productiveness. The offices are centrally situated, easy of access, and handsomely fitted up and appointed, all modern conveniences being at hand, including telephone connection, the call being 3936. Both members of the firm are natives of St. Louis, active members of the Merchants' Exchange, and form a firm of commanding influence, wide popularity and solid worth.

THE HOGAN COMMISSION CO.

The house of the Hogan Commission Co., one of the most enterprising and reliable representatives of St. Louis' wholesale commission interests, should receive conspicuous mention for the success it has achieved in a comparatively short time. This company was incorporated in 1888, under the state laws of Missouri, with ample capital, and officered as follows: C. J. Hogan, president and manager; John B. Hogan, vice-president; L. A. Hogan, secretary and treasurer. The company has had a most successful career since its inception, and the business became so extensive as to necessitate the erection of a larger and more commodious building to meet the requirements of the existing trade, into which they recently moved. The premises, located at 208 Market street, consist of a three story brick structure, 40x110 feet in area, and are fitted up with all modern improvements calculated to promote the advantageous prosecution of business, some six assistants being here provided with constant employment. The company handle on commission hides, wool, sheepskins, feathers and furs, receiving consignment from the West and Southwest, and supplies a heavy demand from tanners and manufacturers in the East, and in this city and other local cities. The company receives consignments of all kinds of country produce, for which there is always a ready market. Prompt and profitable sales and speedy returns constitute the alient features which have ever characterized the business policy of this concern. Mr. C. J. Hogan, the president and manager, has had wide experience in this particular field, having for ten years been connected with the house of F. C. Taylor & Co. Mr. John B. Hogan, vice-president, is a well-known real estate dealer of this city, with offices in the Commercial building. Mr. L. A. Hogan, secretary and treasurer, is a native of St. Louis, and, like the other partners in the concern, is prominently identified with the commercial interests of St. Louis. The trade of this concern is very large, and well distributed over the country.

VAN NORT BROS.

Among the electricians and contractors in St. Louis it is very safe to say that none are more qualified for executing all kinds of work in this direction than the Van Nort Bros. The trio of co-partners, although young men, have had considerable experience and keep pace with all the advances made in the scientific and mechanical branches appertaining to electricity, and are well equipped to carry through to a successful completion all contracts and orders intrusted to them. They pay particular attention to electrical engineering and construction work of all kinds, incandescent wiring, electric gas lighting, place in position electric bells and annunciators, rewind dynamos and motors, which is a specialty with the firm, and deal in and carry at all times a full stock of supplies, batteries, incandescent lamps and sockets, fixtures, wire cables, tape, power supplies, etc. Especial care is given to repairing experimental work and winding, and all work is fully warranted to render satisfaction. Messrs. Van Nort furnish estimates for work of any magnitude and give their personal attention to all contracts. Mr. is P. Van Nort was for some time in the employ of the Brush Electric Co. of this city. Mr. E. C. Van Nort was for a time agent St. Louis and St Paul Packet Company, and Mr. S. A. Van Nort was clerk for the Tennessee Packet Company. They were all born in Missouri and raised in St. Louis, and are well known as electricians and business men. They have been established in business since August 1, a year ago. They were first located at No. 515 Walnut street, but owing to a marked increase in their business, they had shortly to remove to more eligible quarters at No. 801 Locust street, a fact we wish the public to take special notice of, this being selected as the representative firm as electrical contractors and for all work in which the use of electricity or magnetism is required. They are the only firm in the city that can make or repair any kind of electrical apparatus.

P. HAYDEN SADDLERY HARDWARE CO.

The history of the P. Hayden Saddlery Hardware Co. takes one back to a period which may almost be called ancient, when compared with most of the establishments of the city of St. Louis. The company dates back to the year 1825, having been founded by the gentleman whose name is appropriately retained in the title, namely, Mr. Peter Hayden. It has ever maintained an honored place in the commercial world, being distinguished for its sound and well-balanced financial system, and for its anxious regard for the interests of its customers. The business was incorporated in 1884, with a capital of $1,000 000, the executive containing the following well-known James, Mr. W. B. Hayden, president; Mr. Charles H. Hayden, secretary and treasurer, and Mr. C. H. Allen, vice-president and general manager. The handsome premises at Nos. 510 and 512 N. Main street, consisting of a four-story stone building with basement, and containing a floor area of upward of 35,000 square feet, are filled with an immense stock of the universally popular articles whose excellence has for decades been firmly establishing the great reputation of this house, among the best retailers, etc., in the United States. The line embraces the manufacture of hames, chains, saddles, bridles, collars, back-bands, saddlery hardware and harness of all descriptions, together with the wholesale trade in leather. They manufacture the required hardware at their headquarters in Columbus, O., and conduct a branch on Seventeenth street, devoted solely to the making of collars. They make a specialty of the more elegant kinds of harness, and have scored some veritable triumphs in this artistic department. Other productions such as robes, blankets, whips, etc., occupy their careful attention, and are in great demand in all parts of the country. The services of upward of 100 men are required in the industry here, among whom are many specialists of great experience and skill. The Messrs. Hayden are natives of Ohio, who have resided there for many years, and are respected and esteemed by ail. Mr. Jno. B. Denver has been intimately associated with this firm for the past twenty years, and is an acknowledged authority on matters pertaining to the business.

153

THE UNION IRON AND FOUNDRY CO.

Iron for building purposes possesses superior advantages as is strength, durability and adaptability to ornament and decoration. Keep an iron front properly painted, and after years of exposure to wind and weather, it will be as perfect as the day of erection. In resisting any kind of strain, iron is superior to granite. In connection with these remarks, desire to make special reference in this mercantile and industrial review of St. Louis, to the representative and reliable Union Iron and Foundry Company, manufacturers of all kinds of iron work for buildings, whose works are located on Second, Barry and Kosciusko streets. This successful company was incorporated in 1887 under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $25,000, and its trade now extends, not only throughout the Southern, Southwestern and Western states, but also to Mexico. The works have an area of 250x200 feet, and the various workshops, foundry, etc, are fully equipped with the latest improved appliances and machinery, operated by a thirty-five horse power steam engine. Here 100 skilled workmen are employed, who turn out all kinds of architectural iron work for buildings, iron fronts, beams, girders, columns, shutters, iron staircases, fire escapes, railings, etc. They supplied the cast and wrought iron works for the following buildings, giving entire satisfaction to patrons, viz: Globe-Democrat building, Faust building, Drey & Kahn's warehouse, Plate Glass Dealers, Leggett & Meyer's tobacco factory, St. Louis; also the Alhambra and Cook county Abstract building, Chicago, and the Monterey Brewing Company's brewery, Monterey, Mexico, and are at present furnishing the work for the new Mercantile Club building and Tiffany building Their work is unsurpassed for quality of materials, finish, reliability and workmanship, by that of any other contemporary house in the trade, while the prices quoted in all cases are extremely just and reasonable. The executive offices of the company, who are highly esteemed in trade circles for their skill and strict integrity are Mr. W. J. Patchell, president, and Mr. A. H. Doellner, secretary and treasurer. Mr. Patchell was formerly connected with the Scherpe & Koken Architectural Iron works, while Mr. Doellner was for fourteen years with the McMurray-Judge Iron Works.

W. D. HUSSUNG.

There has always existed great trouble in getting rid of those household pests, roaches and bugs, and it is safe to say that it was not until Mr. W. D. Hussung commenced the manufacture of Getz's Celebrated Cockroach and Ant Exterminator and Getz's Bedbug Exterminator, that anything like success had been achieved in this direction. For a period of four years he has been engaged manufacturing these preparations, and there is no questioning the fact that they are an inestimable boon to all housewives. They are for sale by all druggists and can be had at the office, No. 323 Olive street. The value of these preparations is widely known and there is always a brisk, active demand for them. They never fail, always "Getz" there, and after a few applications the roaches and bugs are knocked "out of sight," as thousands of housewives can testify. The most flattering testimonials as to the efficacy of the Bedbug and Cockroach Exterminators have been received from Mr. Peter A. O'Neil, Union Depot; Geo. D. Capen; Thos. O'Reilley, M. D., No. 602 N. Seventeenth street, A. H. Buschman, steward Mercantile Club; L. A. Pratt & Co., Proprietors. The Richelieu Hotel; William A. Hobbs, Recorder of Deeds; Dozier Cracker Co.; C. Fath; Perry Pie Co, 821 and 823 S. Tenth street; Wm. G. Milford's Ladies' and Gents' Oyster House, 209 N. Sixth street; Paul Pietri & Co., Metropolitan Restaurant, 214 and 216 N. Fourth street; Hurst's New European Hotel; Jos. Gerardi, Proprietor Planters' House; Clayton Milling Co; Tony Faust, Esq.; Southern Hotel; Laclede Hotel and many others Mr. Hussung makes a specialty of contracting for clearing out dwellings, hotels, public institutions, etc., of roaches and bugs, doing the work effectually and fully guaranteeing their extermination for the period of one year. The Exterminator is warranted not poisonous, and is harmless to persows, birds, or animals, and is sold in tin cans only. Mr. Hussung is a native of Kentucky, has long resided in St. Louis, and as manager and manufacturer of the Getz's Celebrated Exterminator, he enjoys a high reputation.

154

S. N. LONG SYRUP CO.

In the manufacture of the finest grades of table and maple syrups, the representative and most noted concern of the kind in the West, is that known as the S. N. Long Syrup Co., whose offices and factory in St. Louis are located at 315 and 317 N. Main street. This extensive and flourishing business was established in 1877 by Messrs S. N. Long & Co. at Cincinnati, O. Eventually, in 1885, it was removed to St. Louis, and in 1886 was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, They occupy a spacious and substantial five-story brick building, 50x150 feet in dimensions. The factory is fully equipped with the latest improved apparatus, appliances and machinery operated by steam power. Here they employ twenty skilled hands, and manufacture under a process, which gives their table and maple syrups a special flavor, while at the same time preventing their fermentation. They have also a process for treating molasses, which likewise effectually obstructs fermentation without injuring the product. They manufacture a table syrup under the brand "Superior," which is unrivalled for purity, being of pure sugar goods, and as fine as can be made of "cane sugar." It surpasses anything of its kind as a table luxury, gaining very fast a reputation well worthy its name. The enormous demand for this brand within a few months has been wonderful, and is daily increasing. All their goods are warranted to keep in any climate for any length of time. Orders are filled with care and dispatch at the lowest ruling market prices, and the trade of this enterprising house now extends throughout all sections of the South, Southwest, Western and Northwestern states. Their goods are sold by all wholesale grocers. The officers are thoroughly conversant with every detail of this useful industry, and are as follows: S. N. Long, president and manager; W. R. Long, secretary and treasurer; H. C. Long, superintendent.

BERNARD RUTTER.

The steady advance of St. Louis in population and commercial and manufacturing importance, has made the real estate interest a most inviting field for the exercise of business talent of the highest order. One of the most successful operators in realty in this city is the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, Mr. Bernard Rutter of No. 1004 Chestnut street. Mr. Rutter was born in the State of Illinois and for twenty years previous to embarking in his present enterprise was engaged in the general merchandise business in that state. His offices are spacious and commodious, light and cheerful, handsomely furnished and easily accessible from any part of the city. A general real estate business is carried on, buying, selling, exchanging, leasing and renting all kinds of city and suburban property, as well as farm lands. Some of the most desirable building lots ever placed on this market are controlled by this gentleman, who offers them at the very lowest rates consistent with their location, and on easy terms of payment. A specialty is made of subdivisions in the environs of the city. Personal attention is given to the management of estates of non-residents, desirable tenants secured, rents collected, taxes and insurance premiums paid, etc. Mr. Rutter is a notary public and makes a specialty of conveyancing in which he is an expert. His influential connections in financial circles enable him to negotiate loans, mortgages, etc., on the easiest conditions, only nominal fees being charged. He is a member of the Merchants' Exchange, and one of St. Louis' progressive and public spirited business men, and is as eminently popular in business circles as he is deservedly successful.

PRICKLY ASH BITTERS CO.

Many patent medicines have been introduced during the last few years for curing live compliant and derangement of the stomach and bowels, but of these there are scarcely any that do not partake of an injurious character. Medical science, however, latterly has made steady progress, and there has been greater ability displayed in bringing remedies to bear, on the seat of various diseases. One of the greatest triumphs of the present age is the production of Sherman's Compound Prickly Ash Bitters, prepared by the Prickly Ash Bitters Company, whose offices and laboratory in St. Louis are located on the northeast corner of Broadway and Clark avenue. This medicine was first introduced to the public fifteen years ago in Kansas City. In 1880 the present company was incorporated under the laws of Missouri with a paid-up capital of $50,000, and its trade now extends to all parts of the world. The company's premises comprise a commodious building, the laboratory being fully equipped with the latest improved apparatus and appliances. The ingredients in these bitters are well-known for their beneficial effect on the human system. Prickly ash bark and berries, senna, mandrake, buchu and others equally efficient are utilized in its composition, while ail are so combined as to allow each component part to exert its full power in eradicating all taint of disease. By the use of Prickly Ash Bitters, dyspepsia, jaundice, general debility, habitual constipation, sick headache, kidney disease and all complaints arising from derangement of the liver are soon overcome, and with proper attention health will be restored. Children easily take Prickly Ash Bitters, as the disagreeable taste of the drugs is entirely overcome. Though called Bitters it is not an intoxicating drink, as many so called remedies are, but it is purely a medicine, possessing superior cathartic properties, which render it impossible to use it as a beverage Ask your druggist for Sherman's Compound Prickly Ash Bitters, price $1.00 per bottle and take no other preparation. The following gentlemen, widely known and highly respected by the community for their enterprise and just methods, are the officers viz:. T. W. Schulte, president, C. F. G. Meyer, vice-president, L. S. Schuabe, secretary and treasurer, and under their management the popularity and sale of their excellent article is sure to increase.

155

GEO. W. SHERRICK & CO.

Among the most deservedly popular undertakers in St. Louis is the firm of Messrs. Geo. W. Sherrick & Company, whose offices are located in Hall's livery stable building, at No. 1306 Washington avenue. The calling of the undertaker and funeral director is one that demands many special qualifications, which none possess in a higher degree than Mr. Sherrick. With him it has become a profession, and those who have ever been under the painful necessity of requiring his services are unanimous in proclaiming the able and painstaking manner in which he performs his duties. He is a skilled embalmer, exercising that difficult art according to the most scientific rules, and with a degree of success that is obtained by few among its exponents. Mr. Sherrick is a native of Pennsylvania, and has been a resident of this city since 1843. He established his present enterprise in 1861, and has since conducted it alone under the firm name of Geo. W. Sherrick & Company. His offices and warerooms are on the second floor of a two-story brick structure, and are well adapted for the purposes to which they are devoted. They are handsomely fitted up, every modern convenience being at hand, including telephone connection with all parts of the city and suburbs (call No. 1052). The stock embraces everything in the line of funeral requisites, such as coffins and caskets, ranging from the solid walnut to those of cheaper material, metallic caskets, funeral robes, shrouds, etc., etc. These goods are obtained at first hand from the best producing sources, and are supplied at lowest prices. Mr. Sherrick is prepared to undertake the entire direction of obsequies, from the hour of decease to that of the last sorrowful ceremonies at the grave. Burial plots are secured in any cemetery, hearses and carriages to any required number are supplied, and his services can be secured at any hour of the day and night. Mr. Sherrick is a prominent member of the Livery Stable Keepers' and Undertakers' Association, and possesses the confidence and esteem of the entire community.

LION DRUG STORE CO.

The Lion Drug Store Co. is one of the leading concerns in the city, and is the outcome of a business which dates its establishment back to 1846, when it was founded by Platt & Thornbury, and after several changes Messrs. H. E. Ahlbrandt & Co. succeeded in 1872, and in 1889 the firm was incorporated under the present style under the state laws of Missouri, with paid up capital of $5,000, and with Mr. J. R. Jungling as president, and his son, Mr. F. S. Jungling as secretary, treasurer and manager. Mr. F. S. Jungling is a native of St: Louis, and a thoroughly practical man, having graduated at the St. Louis College of Pharmacy, class 1883. He was for thirteen years connected with the firm of H. E. Ahlbrandt & Co. The premises, on the corner of Fourteenth and Carr streets, are admirably adapted for the business, being equipped with every modern convenience, and having a well-appointed pharmacy, where physicians' prescriptions and family recipes are compounded at all hours of the day or night with the greatest accuracy and, care, and the firm manufactures all its own tinctures, essences and extracts. The stock comprises a full line of pure drugs and chemicals, together with all the standard proprietary medicines, also toilet requisites and fancy goods, soaps, perfumes, cigars, surgical appliances, sick room supplies, and everything that may reasonably be looked for in a first-class drugstore.

TRUESDAIL MACHINE AND ARMS CO.

At no place in St. Louis can better sewing machines, etc. be obtained than at the Truesdail Machine and Arms Co., located at No. 604 N. Fourth street, with a Third street entrance at No. 603. This extensive business was originally established in 1873 by L. L. Richmond, who was succeeded in 1878 by S. J. Truesdail & Co., and in 1891 the firm was incorporated as the Truesdail Machine and Arms Co., with Mr. John L. Stanage, president; Stan. J. Truesdail, treasurer, and Geo. M. Blelock, secretary. The company does a large business as agents and dealers at wholesale in sewing machines and supplies. They are general agents for the Remington No. 5 typewriter, Chicago High Arm, Chicago Singer and the celebrated Davis vertical feed sewing machines, and hand e every sewing machine in the market, either for family or manufacturing purposes. They also carry a large line of attachments for all makes of machines, and make a specialty of repairing. The company is composed of live, active and energetic business men who have built up a large trade, which is constantly increasing.

GEO. WINZER.

The old established and reliable house of Mr. Geo. Winzer, scientific optician and manufacturer of surveying instruments, at No. 22 S. Fourth street, is one of special prominence. Mr. Winzer established himself in this business here in 1860, having resided in St. Louis, prior to this, from 1848, and was employed by the well-known firm of Will J. Young, Philadelphia. He enjoys a reputation for skill and reliability, second to none in this line, in the country. He manufactures surveying instruments of all kinds, and has constructed the instruments used by the Union Pacific railroad, Missouri Pacific railroad, Iron Mountain railroad Wabash railroad, and many others. His stock embraces ful llines of surveying, opera glasses, magnifying glasses microscopes, thermometers, instruments, gold and steel mounted spectacles and eye glasses, etc. Every article sold in this responsible establishment is fully warranted, and all work done is guaranteed first-class while the prices that prevail are as low as consistent with first-class goods. The patronage of the house is influential and of a superior character, and has received the indorsement of the leading oculists and surveyors of the city. Mr. Winzer is a native of Germany and has resided in St. Louis since 1860. He is a most worthy citizen and stands deservedly high in professional and business circles.

J. D. MARSHALL LIVERY CO.

The American people not only travel more extensively than any other nation, but they patronize to a greater extent, the numerous establishments devoted to the hire of horses and carriages. St. Louis is well supplied with these conveniences, many large stables being found in all parts of the city, where the most elegant equipages can be secured at reasonable prices. Prominent among these are the Olive Street Stables (2627 to 2633 Olive street), and the Vendome Stables, 310 to 314 Walnut street, of which the widely-known and reliable J. D. Marshall Livery Company are the proprietors. This extensive and prosperous business was established nine years ago by Mr. J. D. Marshall, who conducted it until 1891 when it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $20,000, Mr. J. D. Marshall being the president and Mr. M. H. Marshall. Jr. the secretary and treasurer. The stables on Olive street comprise a superior three-story brick building, 75x125 feet in area, and the Walnut street stables are also of about the same dimensions. The capacity of the stables is 200 horses, and twenty grooms and stablemen are employed. The stables are well ventilated, drained and lighted, and are fully supplied with all modern stable appointments and conveniences. The offices are well fitted up and have telephone connections with all parts of the city and its vicinity. They have here some of the finest and most stylish equipages to be seen in the city, and a stock of superior horses, which can be hired for business or pleasure, night or day, on moderate terms. They promptly supply carriages for weddings, balls, parties, funerals, etc., and bestow the utmost care on horses that are boarded here. Messrs. J. D. & M. H. Marshall are natives of St. Louis. We confidently recommend these stables to all who desire first-class equipages of all kinds, who will find the location convenient, and the facilities the very best in the city. The telephone call of the Olive street office is 1884, and of the Walnut street one, 179.

156

CARPENTER'S BRYANT

The importance of a high class business college in conducing to the industrial activity of a city and the thoroughness of its commercial operations, is seldom estimated at its true value. Much of the accuracy and smoothness with which our trade mechanism works is due to the excellent system adopted by these institutions, who are daily turning out business men fully equipped to hold the most, responsible and honorable positions. St. Louis possesses in Carpenter's Bryant & Stratton Business College and Shorthand and Telegraph School, the finest and most completely equipped educational institution of the kind west of the Mississippi. The college was founded by Messrs. Bryant & Stratton in 1855, being one of the first schools of their famous series, and in the year 1865 the present proprietor, Dr. W. Marvin Carpenter secured an equal interest, not only in this but in their colleges at Springfield and Quincy, Ill., and on the death of Mr. H. D. Stratton in 1867, arrangements were made by which Dr. Carpenter succeeded to the charge of the college in this city. The Doctor is widely known for his experience and attainments, having as far back as 1863 become principal of the Commercial college at Troy, N. Y., from which he was called to the position of principal of the Bryant & Stratton business college at Philadelphia, where he labored successfully in the cause of education until his removal to this city. The premises utilized in St. Louis consist of three floors in the fine building on the corner of Broadway and Market streets, having a total space of no less than 16,000 square feet, affording ample accommodation for the various departments into which the school is divided. The curriculum is most comprehensive, embracing single and double entry bookkeeping which is taught here upon a system peculiar to this school, business writing and correspondence, shorthand and typewriting, telegraph operating, commercial law, partnership, settlements, detecting counterfeit money, etc., and include actual business and office work which is in the highest degree useful to those intending to follow commercial avocations. The teachers in every branch have been selected for their special attainments and capacity for imparting instruction, and include gentlemen and ladies who are recognized as authorities upon the subjects with which they deal. Dr. Carpenter is a graduate of the St. Louis Medical School and a member of the St. Louis bar, and is the lecturer on the theory of accounts, commercial law and detection of counterfeit money. The average number of students attending this institution during the past year was 850, and its high and well deserved reputation is attracting larger and larger numbers from all parts of the country, who appreciate the advantages it offers to those desirous of obtaining a sound business education.

CHARLES MAUER.

Mr. Charles Mauer has been established in business in East St. Louis for the past thirteen years, and is known as one of the foremost merchants and manufacturers of the city. He began business in a small way, but by perseverance, application and indomitable energy has succeeded in developing a splendid business, of which any one may well be proud. The business has been conducted for the past eight years at No. 222 Collinsville avenue, where Mr. Mauer owns the building he occupies for business purposes. This is a two-story structure, with a frontage of thirty feet and a depth of one hundred and ten feet, being equipped with elevators and every appliance necessary to the business. The basement is used as a workshop, the first floor as office and salesroom, and second floor as a wareroom. The splendid stock consists of a full line of shelf and builders' hardware of every description, tools for all purposes, stoves and ranges in great variety, and all kinds of tinware and house furnishing goods. Roofing, guttering and spouting are made to order by competent workmen. Mr. Mauer is prominent in all business and social circles, and is most highly respected He is an honored member of the Knights of Pythias. He was born in Freeport, Ill., and has resided in East St. Louis for the past twenty-five years.

HERMANN BOCK.

Among the merchants' lunch houses and saloons in the business section of the city that of Mr. Hermann Bock is particularly prominent, and has secured its present prosperous patronage solely by careful catering to the requirements of the public. Mr. Bock has had a long, valuable experience in this business, dating from 1873, and for the past year and a half occupied the very desirable premises in which he is now located, at 800 N. Fourth street. The saloon is 25x40 feet in dimensions and is fitted up in handsome style. The bar and fixtures are of polished ash, the mirrors of plate glass, in short the whole interior is of a character that forms a perfect unison with the entire business. Electric lights make the whole establishment bright at night and fans, operated by electricity keep it cool in summer. A prominent and agreeable feature of the establishment is the lunch department, where is served, at very reasonable prices, all the substantial and delicacies. The bar is presided over by those familiar with their duties, and courteous, polite attention is accorded all. The wines and liquors dispensed have been carefully selected, bought direct from first hands, and embrace the best productions of Germany, France and this country. The cigars, both Havana and domestic, are of the highest quality, and include all the popular brands. Stifel's famous beer is a specialty and drawn fresh daily. Mr. Bock is a first class caterer, and his successful management of the large business he is doing is, in itself, a sufficient proof of his ability to meet any demand that may be made upon him. He is from Germany originally, widely known and popular, and has won hosts of friends. Mr. Bock's establishment is liberally patronized by the best class of merchants.

157

ALFRED M. BAKER.

St. Louis is one of the leading cities of the American continent, and is harmoniously built on all lines. Her commerce, population, educational advantages and architecture, all blend and form a pleasing effect that has marked this city as great. In architecture the great departure from accepted form has not been attempted here as much as at other places, but substantial construction, sanitation, ventilation and utility have been studied until the business blocks and residences are great in their complete and St. Louis architects made to occupy a place with the best in America. One of the foremost exponents of architecture in this city is Mr. Alfred M. Baker, who has been established in business here for the past five years, and net with the most flattering success. Mr. Baker does general business as architect and superintendent, plans buildings and superintends their erection, thus guaranteeing fidelity to detail and faithfulness to the specifications. He employs five assistants, and has a liberal patronage from all sections of the city and the district tributary. He is young man of rare intelligence and ability, a native of St. Louis, and well known in leading business and financial roles. He has built many of the best residences in the city, and enjoys the confidence of all who know him. His are located in the Fagin building, No. 810 Olive street, and consist of three fine rooms, elegantly furnished and thoroughly equipped, the numbers being 408 and 409. Mr. Baker is in all respects a gentleman, and is a credit to the profession in which he occupies so important a place. Mr. Baker has quite recently admitted as his partner Mr. Merman J. Burgdorf, who has been with him during the three years, and whose intelligent studies in his chosen profession have constituted him a thoroughly proficient architect, and one who, while conforming to the main principles of the various styles, yet embodies many original features of high merit in his work.

SUN INSURANCE COMPANY.

There is probably no more active nor energetic man in St. Louis than Mr. J. S. Gordon, whose offices are at No. 105 N. Eighth street. Mr. Gordon represents the celebrated "Sun" Fire and Marine Insurance Company of San Francisco, Cal., which is one of the most reliable and substantial companies in existence. He is secretary of the Iron Hall building and Loan Association, one of the best institutions the kind in St. Louis; capital stock, $600,000, with $200,000 of loans now in force. He is also secretary of The Leader Building and Loan Association, capital stock $1,000,000. The plan of The Leader is original with Mr. Gordon, and is conceded by all who have investigated to be far in advance of any association previously organized. He is also representative of the Order of Aegis, one of the most practical and reliable fraternal benefit orders known. Mr. Gordon is a native of the Buckeye state, and has resided in St. Louis for the past twenty-one years, being established in business here for twenty years, fifteen of which he was in the book and stationery business, and the past live as representative of the above companies. He occupies handsome large double offices at the above number, 30x60 feet in size, one of which is used as the directors' room of the Building and Loan Associations. Mr. Gordon does a very extensive business in each of the different businesses he is engaged in, and is very popular in business circles, and has made hosts of friends in his many business connections.

THE PANTECHNICON STORAGE HOUSE.

It is of great convenience and importance to persons living in City, and desiring to store their household goods temporarily, to know where this may be done with responsible parties and in a safe and desirable place. By all odds the most popular and excellently equipped storage house in St. Louis is that known as the "Pantechnicon Storage House," conducted by Messrs. J. Brown & Company. This enterprise was established seven years ago by Mr. J. Brown, who is the head of the present firm and its manager. The company has been successful from the beginning, and has developed the most desirable patronage with the leading citizens of the city. The warehouses are located at Nos. 2311, 2313 and 2315 Olive street, and Nos. 1822 and 1824 Lucas Place. These are new, large and elegant brick structures, erected for the business and are divided into rooms for the more complete preservation of fine furniture, pictures, pianos, mirrors, etc., free from dust, and affording greater security from damage. They have every facility for moving in vans and storing goods carefully by sober and civil men, and pack and ship goods promptly to any destination. The company has a high business standing, and justly merits the liberal patronage bestowed upon it.

CHAS. DITTMAR.

Of late years the sanitary condition of our houses and public buildings has received the careful study of scientific men who make sanitary plumbing a specialty, and the perfection to which the science has been brought is the best comment upon the intelligence which has been devoted to it. In this important business, together with that of gasfitting and sewer building, Mr. Chas. Dittmar, No. 2114 S. Broadway, has achieved a well-earned reputation, and his establishment has become recognized as a leading one in this section of the city. This business was established in 1883 by its present proprietor, who from the inception of the enterprise, has always enjoyed a liberal and influential patronage. Mr. Dittmar has been at his present location since 1887, and the premises occupied comprise a commodious ground floor, 10x60 feet in dimensions, constituting salesroom and workshop, the latter equipped with all necessary facilities, the former stocked to repletion with a full line of plumbers' and gasfitters' supplies. Every branch of the plumbing and gasfitting industry is here undertaken, a specialty being made of sanitary and sewer work. Estimates are furnished and contracts made for the entire fitting up of buildings, and satisfaction is guaranteed in every instance, while charges are invariably based on a scale of extreme moderation. Mr. Dittmar is a young, practical man, a native of St. Louis, and a skilled expert of his craft.

MATTHEW PARK'S SON & CO.

Among the leading exponents of the art of the sculptor and marble cutter in St. Louis is the reliable firm of Messrs. Matthew Park's Son & Co., manufacturers and wholesale marble dealers, whose office and yards are located at 818 and 820 N. Ninth street. This business was established in 1849 by Mr. Matthew Park, who conducted it till 1881, when Messrs. Matthew Park, Jr., and B. O. Hutton were admitted into partnership, and the present title adopted. On November 3, 1889, Mr. Matthew Park, Sr., died and was succeeded by the surviving partners. They are expert and thoroughly practical marble workers, who are fully conversant with every phase and feature of this artistic and important industry. The premises occupied comprise a spacious two-story brick building, 40x155 feet in dimensions, the workshops being in the rear. Here they employ a number of first-class workmen, and are constantly receiving shipments of marble and granite direct from the quarries. A heavy and choice stock of marble and granite monuments, headstones, tablets and statuary is shown in the salesrooms. Both Italian, Tennessee and Vermont marble, Scotch, Quincy, Barre and other American granite are dealt in, and commissions promptly executed in the highest style of the art, at the lowest terms. They have erected numbers of marble and granite monuments, etc., in all the principal cemeteries of Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Tennessee, Illinois, Idaho and Arizona, and have given entire satisfaction to patrons. The late Mr. Park erected the first monument in Bellfontaine cemetery, while Mr. M. Park, Jr., was awarded the silver medal at the St. Louis Fair for the best specimen of apprentice workmanship. Messrs. Park & Hutton are natives of St. Louis and popular members of the Western Wholesale Dealers' Marble Association.

158

GEO. N. LYNCH.

The undertaking business is of the utmost importance to society, and every consideration suggests that its representatives shall be reliable, sympathetic and experienced. An old established and popular house in this section of the city is that of Mr. Geo. N. Lynch, undertaker and embalmer. This is the oldest undertaking establishment in St. Louis and was founded sixty-two years ago by W. A. Lynch, who conducted it till 1852, when his son: the present proprietor succeeded to the business. Elegant offices and showrooms are occupied at No. 1216 Olive street, which are well equipped and fully stocked with coffins, caskets, metallic burial-cases of the handsomest kind, trimmings, shrouds and other funeral goods. Mr. Lynch caters to all classes of the population, and furnishes everything necessary for the plainest or most imposing funerals, and it has ever been the rule of this house to charge only moderate prices. He is prompt in meeting engagements, performs his duties with accuracy and propriety, and can always be depended on in all matters relating to the last sad rites of burial, a specialty being made of embalming, and three capable and experienced men, adapted to the solemnity of this business, are always employed. Mr. Lynch was born and raised in this city, is an honorable business man, and has secured a liberal and influential patronage by honestly deserving it. He is a prominent member of the "Livery and Undertakers' Association." The long and honorable career of this house, sixty-two years before the public, makes it unnecessary to add further commendation, but we wish to give it that prominence in this historical review to which its unblemished record so justly entitles it. Telephone call, 4115, receives immediate attention.

W. A. STUART.

Among the leaders in a line of business which more than any other requires special adaptability to public wants, united with more than ordinary requirements of professional knowledge, is that of the druggist. To have the reputation of twenty-five years in the same locality, is a decided advantage, which W. A. Stuart of the pharmacy at the corner of Washington avenue and Fourteenth street enjoys. The business was founded a quarter of a century ago by Hubert Primm and Mr. Stuart was for many years his manager, succeeding to entire control about four years ago. The store which is tastefully fitted up has a space 25x50 feet. The floor is tiled, and the fittings and cases are of the best type. The stock, while partaking of that infinite variety, which has grown to be a part of the druggists' business, contains nevertheless, the most thorough equipment for the professional department. Mr. Stuart is a graduate of the Maryland College of Pharmacy is studious, careful and self-disciplined, and prescriptions, the filling of which is a specialty of the business, can be in no more careful and experienced hands. In other details, the store is thoroughly fitted, and a large soda fountain is kept in good order by the numerous demands on its resources, the two efficient clerks finding ample employment.

CHR. SCHAEFER.

It is generally admitted that in every community a well appointed pharmacy fills a highly important place in the sum total of trades and industries, and it is in this connection that we take pleasure in making due reference to the very popular drug store of Mr. Chr. Schaefer, at the southeast corner of Chouteau and Jefferson avenues, with a branch store under style of Chr. Schaefer & Son at the southeast corner of Chouteau avenue and Grattan street. The premises occupied are 25x80 feet in dimensions, with a well-equipped laboratory and pharmacy in the rear, both departments being in every way advantageously adapted for the successful prosecution of the business. The stock carried embraces pure fresh drugs and chemicals, proprietary patent medicines of standard reputation, toilet articles, soaps, perfumes, sponges, chamois, surgical appliances, sick-room necessaries, mineral waters, and a fine assortment of imported and domestic cigars. One of the most important features of the business is the prescription department, where the greatest care is bestowed on the compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family preparations. The firm manufactures its own tinctures, essences and extracts so as to insure absolute purity in their medicines. To sum up the whole, the place may be called a model drug store, and Messrs. Schaefer are much to be congratulated upon its perfect management.

F. C. RIDDLE & BRO. CASKET CO.

This enterprising and progressive company was founded by the gentlemen whose names it bears in the year 1879, and from the very first developed elements of superiority, which, under wise and skillful management, have placed it in its present enviable position. It was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, in 1890, with a capital of $100,000, Mr. F. C. Riddle being the president, Mr. R. M. Riddle, secretary, and Mr. H. F. Riddle, treasurer. They have just completed a splendid building on Hogan street, between O'Fallon street and Cass avenue, 125x137 feet in dimensions, and four stories, with basement, in height, for their special use. This building, besides being a valuable and ornamental addition to the city will afford the finest facilities for the active prosecution of the industry. The coffins and caskets manufactured by them must be ranked among the real works of art. They display a beauty, elegance and harmony of design, and an exquisite finish that constitutes them perfect types, embodying every desirable feature of these indispensable, but mournful accessories of life. They are in great demand throughout the South, West and North, and the business constantly requires the services of fifty skilled assistants in the various departments. A full stock of caskets, hardware and trimmings is carried, everything being manufactured or selected with a view to supplying the critical and fashionable public of the West. The officers are all well-known and respected in the commercial and social circles of the "Mound City," and justly merit the extraordinary success of their efforts. They issue a handsomely bound catalogue of 136 pages every year, distributing more than 1,000 copies, and willingly forwarding the same to all applicants.

THEO. H. WURMB.

In the eastern section of the city, there are a number of fine business establishments, notably that of Mr. Theo. H. Wurmb, at No. 1923 E. Grand avenue, opposite the water tower. Mr. Wurmb, who was born and brought up here, has had a long and valuable experience compounding and dispensing medicines, and is a regular graduate of the University of Michigan. He opened the store he is now conducting so successfully, about ten years ago, and has acquired a wide reputation for dispensing pure drugs and attending promptly to customers. The store has a front of twenty and a depth of fifty-eight feet, and among its attractive features, are plate glass showcases and ornamental fixtures. A full and complete stock of drugs and medicines, are always carried; also toilet requisites, perfumes, druggists' sundries, tinctures, extracts, pharmaceuticals, surgical appliances and proprietary preparations, also Wurmb's headache powders which have been in use for many years, and have many friends. The prescription laboratory is presided over by Mr. Wurmb, who is exact and conducts it with that care and skill his long experience enables him to exercise. Medicines are compounded at all hours, and even attention is paid to patrons. Mr. Wurmb is young, active, energetic, enterprising and sustains a high reputation as an accomplished druggist and useful citizen. He was brought up to the drug business with his father, Mr. T. T. Wurmb, who for many years conducted a pharmacy at Eleventh and Salisbury streets. Mr. Wurmb, Sr:, died in 1885 and left his son a joint interest in the business who is conducting the old stand in connection with his own as a branch which is proving a paying and successful business.

159

MISSOURI REFRIGERATOR MFG. CO.

Amonh the many departments of industrial activity in St. Louis which are ably represented by substantial and influential houses, that of the manufacture of fixtures for offices, etc., holds a prominent place. One of the largest firms supplying steadily increasing demand in this line, is the Missouri Refrigerator Mfg. Co., of 909 S. Twenty-second street. The business was established in 1883, by Mr. J. J. Simmons, who now holds the position of president and secretary, and was incorporated three years ago under the laws of Missouri, with ample capital, and with prospects that are being fully realized. The premises consist of a substantial three-story brick factory, 60x175 feet in dimensions, completely equipped with the latest improved machinery, driven by steam power, and affording the finest facilities for the active and successful prosecution of the industry, and for the display in elegant showrooms of the beautiful and useful products. These consist of store, office saloon fixtures, desks, showcases, restaurant tables and chairs, butchers' supplies, and the well-known Jewel Refrigerator for household use, which has come to be regarded as indespensable in so many families throughout the land. The features of these goods are, excellence of material, superior manship and finish, and adaptability to the various uses for which they are intended. A force of skilled hands, numbering from forty to seventy-five, is constantly employed, and over every detail in all departments, the practical officers exercise close personal supervision. Mr. Simmons is a gentlemen thoroughly conversant with every phase and feature of the work. The trade is not local and retail, but wholesale, and practically covers the United States, the greatest appreciation being shown of these fine goods in every part.

B. NUGENT & BROTHER.

St. Louis has always proved an excellent field for the display of sterling enterprise and energy in the drygoods trade, and at the present day there is no firm in the West standing higher in every feature of enterprise and excellence than that of Messrs. B. Nugent & Brother, whose mammoth establishment is eligibly located on the corner Broadway, Washington avenue and St. Charles street, comprising an entire block. The firm's New York house is at No. 256 Church street. This extensive business was established 1873, nineteen years ago, by Mr. B. Nugent, who in 1880 admitted his brother, Mr. D. C. Nugent, into partnership, the firm being known by the title of B. Nugent & Brother. In 1889 Messrs. C. W. Nugent and F. C. Lake became partners. The partners are able and thoroughly practical business men, fully acquainted with every feature and detail of the drygoods trade and the requirements of the most critical and exacting customers. This is the largest and most complete drygoods establishment in the West, and covers an entire block. The premises form a five-story and basement building, 166x200 feet in area, fully equipped with all modern conveniences, elevators, electric lights, telephones, steam heat, cash railway, etc. The basement is utilized for receiving, storage, dynamos, steam heating apparatus, etc.; the first floor for drygoods; second floor cloaks, millinery, ladies' furnishing goods, ladies' waiting room, etc.; the third for blankets, draperies, etc.; the fourth offices, sample rooms, and the fifth floor for surplus stock. The stock is unsurpassed by that of any contemporary concern in the United States, and embraces a diversity insilks, satins, velvets, dress goods, laces, ribbons, kid gloves, dress trimmings, housekeeping goods, etc., which are offered at astonishingly low prices. The stock also includes ladies' and gents' furnishing goods, hosiery, linens, woolens, cottons and mixed fabrics of every texture and description, rugs, fancy notions, curtains, draperies, floorcloths, upholstery goods. The stock too, contains everything desirable in millinery goods, this house being the recognized headquarters in the West for laces, hats, toques, bonnets and trimmings of every description, including the latest imported styles from Paris and London. For quality, elegance, style and excellence, these goods have no superiors in America or Europe. Five hundred polite and attentive salesladies, clerks, assistants, etc., are employed, and every department is carefully organized and supervised. The firm have duly qualified buyers in the leading European markets, and are always the first in the West to display the latest novelties. This house has built up its immense trade on the sure foundations of equity. The business, when first founded in 1873, was conducted on one floor 21x55 feet in dimensions. Its growth is evidenced by the fact that the sales now amount to nearly $3,000,000 annually. The announcement of bargains by Messrs. B. Nugent & Brother conveys at all times the full meaning of that word. Whatever is advertised is always to be found exactly as described, consequently firm reliance has come to be placed on every announcement of theirs by a discerning public. Messrs. B., C. W., and D. C. Nugent are natives of London Ont., while Mr. Lake was born in New York. The firm issues a superior illustrated catalogue and price list, and their mail order department affords a ready means for people throughout the country to obtain what they want.

160

WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO.

The invention of the sewing machine is one of those events that are the real milestones of progress, serving to mark the commencement of new eras of improvement, whose vast possibilities no mortal can conceive. No one can fail to admire the skill and ability displayed in the eminently successful efforts that have been made to bring this household necessity to the perfection that now distinguishes the most popular productions Among these none have a higher or more thoroughly deserved reputation than those manufactured by the renowned Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, whose factory and chief office is located at Bridgeport, Conn., and whose machines are to be found in every portion of the civilized world. These machines are the lightest running, and the best for household work of all kinds, on the market. A few of the salient features may be mentioned that have contributed to the great reputation these productions have long enjoyed, namely, self-adjusting tensions, automatic tension release, patent spool holder so effective in preventing the entanglement of the thread and consequent breaking of the needles, the most elastic seam, the avoidance of puckering, no breaking or snarling of thread even when the wheel is revolved the wrong way, the special fitness for art work, the elegant stand, and beautifully finished cabinet work, making it an ornament to any apartment. A branch of this great establishment has been in active operation for some years in St. Louis, and now occupies the entire three-story building, 30x118 feet in dimensions, at No. 1013 Olive street, giving steady employment to a force of thirty-five experienced canvassers, salesmen, collectors, etc., and being the center of the trade for Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Texas, Southern Illinois, and the Territories. A large stock of these machines is carried, in all the styles and sizes manufactured, the most popular being the "New No. 9," which presents the highest attainment of scientific improvement in this line, and which obtained the highest premium and only grand prize for sewing machines at the "Exposition Universelle" at Paris, in 1889. The "D 12" machines are so well suited for manufacturing purposes, especially for tailoring and the making of heavy clothing by power, that more of them are in use in the factories of St. Louis than any other kind made. The general manager here is Mr. W. W. Handley, who succeeded to the position on the 20th of July, 1891, and who displays the highest qualifications for the difficult and responsible duties devolving upon him. The Wheeler & Wilson sewing machine is one of the most conspicuous evidences of nineteenth century skill, and displays in the most advantageous light the ingenuity for which we as a people are renowned.

M. MAYER & SON.

The business of handling and dealing in scrap iron, metals, and machinery is carried on quite extensively in St. Louis by the firm of M. Mayer & Son, owners and proprietors of the Catalpa Iron Yards, located at 620 to 624 S. Seventh street, 618 and 620 S. Sixth street, each of which are 75x100 feet in area, and at 833 and 835 Chouteau avenue, which is 48x168 feet in size. The business was established in 1878 by the firm, since when it has grown in importance and magnitude and is the largest of its kind in this section, the operations extending throughout all the adjoining states. The firm do a wholesale business exclusively and buy and sell and deal in cast, wrought and all kinds of scrap iron, brass, copper and other metals and new and second-hand machinery of every description. Old iron and metals are bought and sold in carload lots, and an immense business is done annually. The yards are well provided with sheds and a large stock of everything handled and dealt in by the firm is always carried, and orders for any quantity of iron or metals can be filled at the shortest notice. They have an alligator or scrap shears for cutting iron, which will cut iron or steel from one-fourth inch to two and one-half inches in thickness, and in cutting, the iron and steel is easily recognized and separated. They are about to add a second machine of this description to their plant; they also have a drop for breaking iron, operated by steam. They have constantly on hand a large quantity of steel rails for building purposes, also columns, girders, lintels, boilers, tanks, etc. From twelve to fifteen hands are kept constantly employed about the yards and business is brisk at all seasons. Mr. Mayer is a native of Germany. He has been in this country thirty years, and in St. Louis since 1878. He is a well-known member of the Commercial Travelers' Association. His son and co-partner, Mr. Abe Mayer, was born in Chicago, He is a live, wide awake, active business man and very popular in trade circles.

ELLIS & GUNDELFINGER.

Among the establishments that have been recently opened in St. Louis, one specially notable as adding to the facilities in its line, is the wine and lunch room of Messrs. Ellis & Gundelfinger, at Nos. 313 and 315 Locust street, between Third and Fourth streets, which was opened to the public in May, 1891. The premises utilized consist of a handsome double room, each division being 25x75 feet in area, in a substantial four-story brick building owned by the firm. The wine department is suitably fitted up, and is devoted to the trade in imported and domestic vintage and brands of wines and liquors of the finest quality, embracing every variety for which there exists a demand. Cigars and tobacco are also carried, whose flavor and general excellence have attracted the attention of many devotees of the fragrant weed. A specialty is made of a high class business lunch, which is served at anytime between 11:30 A. M. and 3 P. M. This consists of everything in season, such as oysters, fish, game, etc., besides the staple meats and side dishes, and the regular price is fixed at the extraordinarily low price of fifteen cents. Particular attention is given to oysters, which are served in any desired style. Steady employment is given to a force of ten polite waiters, who attend to the wants of customers in both branches under the vigilant eyes of the practical proprietors. This is no common or low class restaurant and saloon, but everything is done in first-class style, and we can confidently recommend it to our readers who are in a position to avail themselves of its advantages. Mr. A. J. Gundelfinger is a native of Jefferson City, who has resided here for twenty-one years, earning the esteem of all. Mr. F. H. Ellis was born and raised in St. Louis. Mr. Gundelfinger is a renowned chef de cuisine, who has had twenty years' experience in his line. So popular has this establishment become, that the proprietors are about to enlarge the premises to accommodate the patrons who make this their permanent resort. In view of these facts, and taking into consideration that our work is being handled by all the large industrial firms in the city, we feel in duty bound to personally recommend this house as being the best merchant's lunch room in the city.

161

ENGINE METAL CO.

A very prosperous and growing business is done by the Engine Metal Company of St. Louis, manufacturers of babbitt metal and solder, at the corner of Seventh and Howard streets. This company was established and incorporated under the laws of Missouri in 1889, with a capital stock of $4,000, and Mr. S. J. Tannehill and Mr. E. Koerner proprietors. They occupy the main floor at the above location, 60x120 feet in size, and employ a competent staff of hands, and have five furnaces, which are run to their utmost capacity to supply their large and increasing trade. They manufacture, in addition to babbitt metal and solder, journal bearings, bar tin and bar lead, and are dealers in pig lead, pig tin, antimony, ingot copper and antimonial lead. They sell largely to the wholesale hardware trade and manufacturers in the city and throughout the South and West. Mr. S. J. Tannehill is an expert metallist, and was born and raised in St. Louis, being engaged since his youth in this business. Mr. Koerner is a practical machinist, and was born in Germany, having been a resident of St. Louis since 1875. He was foreman of the Filber Machine Works for a number of years, and also superintendent for St. Louis Wire Mill Company for about four years. Both are active and industrious business men, and are practical in their business, and merit the splendid trade they have built up.

ST. LOUIS LUMBER CO.

One of the most progressive and reliable manufacturers of and dealers in hardwood lumber in this city is the St. Louis Lumber Company, whose main yard is centrally located on the corner of Fifteenth and Mullanphy streets, and who operate two extensive and convenient branch yards in the immediate vicinity. The founders and incorporators of this business were Mr. H. Kirch and his father-in-law, and on the lamented decease of the latter gentleman, five years ago, Mr. Kirch became the sole proprietor. For ten years this has been recognized as one of the leading concerns in the trade, its operations having a great influence on the market. Its premises are exceptionally well fitted for the handling of stock, and all orders received here are filled at once from the immense supply constantly on hand, this prompt and accurate attention being one of the chief features of the company's business. The trade is very extensive, and is spreading rapidly throughout the country. No less than 8,000,000 feet are handled annually, comprising both finished stock and that in the rough, much of this being shipped direct from large mills under the control of the firm in various parts. Hardwood lumber of all grades, and for all purposes, is carried, such as ash, oak, walnut, poplar, cherry, etc., thoroughly seasoned and free from flaws or defects. Prices are kept as low as the quality will permit, and patrons are invariably well satisfied with their dealings with this house. Mr. Kirch is a German by birth, but has resided in this city for twenty-three years, ever enjoying the esteem of a wide circle in all classes of society. The telephone call is No. 3485.

JOST BROTHERS.

In the gold and silver, nickel and brass plating trade, Messrs. Jost Brothers, whose factory is at No. 210 Morgan street, have achieved a most enviable reputation for high-class work and reliable business methods. Mr. T. W. Jost and Mr. F. J. Jost are natives of Selena county in this state, and have been in St. Louis for the past seventeen years and have had a wide range of practical experience in their trade. The business was established in 1889 by Simmonds Bros; and in September, 1890, the present proprietors purchased it, under the style of the St. Louis Electro-Plating Works. The factory is on the second floor and is equipped with all modern machinery necessary to facilitate their business, also electro-baths and other appliances required for electro and case plating, gilding, burnishing, buffing, polishing and finishing. All kinds of work pertaining to this line of trade, such as the plating, repairing and manufacture of door plates, railroad, steamboat and carriage trimming, house, store, office and bank plates is executed in the very best style, and estimates are cheerfully furnished. Every kind of gilding, plating, electro-plating; and burnishing, whether for use or ornament, in either gold, silver, brass or nickel, also electro-bronzing and oxidizing brass and copper are effected here, and while the prices are in every instance low as compared with others, the work is all guaranteed to be of the best quality and the firm may in every instance be depended upon to carry out what they undertake.

FRED GEITZ.

St. Louis, like no other city in the West, possesses some very old established concerns, and among these must be prominently mentioned the store of Mr. Fred Geitz, dealer in gent's furnishing goods, notions, hats, caps and jewelry, etc., at 418 N. Seventh street. This enterprising gentleman is a native of Germany and has been a highly respected resident of this city for the past twenty-five years, and having a thorough; knowledge of his trade, acquired by many years of practical; experience, he inaugurated this enterprise in 1872 on his own responsibility. The result has been that he is now rewarded with a business of very large proportions, which entirely exercises the facilities he has at his disposal. He occupies a spacious store on the ground floor, which is nicely fitted up and admirably arranged for the favorable display of the great variety of first-class goods which are at all times displayed on his shelves and counters. The stock carried is not only full and complete, but is always keeping pace with the new styles, so that no customer need have any fear of having any old-fashioned goods offered to him. Thus in underwear, shirts, overalls, jumpers, collars and neckwear, gloves, suspenders or umbrellas, there is always a most desirable and tempting; assortment from which to select. Also hats and caps and a large variety of notions and jewelry. These goods are offered at just about one-half the price charged by many other houses. Mr. Geitz calls his place the cheapest in the city, and indeed, a very slight investigation convinces us that he is right. He buys his goods in the best markets and on cash terms, the result is that the public can at all times get the benefit of the most advantageous prices, and at the same time be well assured of securing good quality. It will pay all strangers in St. Louis to call on Mr. Geitz when they are in want of any thiug in his line.

GEO. G. CHAPLINE.

With the large and steady growth of St. Louis, there is always the need of first-class carpentering and building firms, especially those who are reliable and thoroughly understand all kinds of work in their line. Among the best known and leading carpenters and builders is Mr. George G. Chapline at No. 416 N. Third street. Mr. Chapline, ten years ago, commenced business for himself, and by his first-class work and reasonable prices, has built up a splendid trade, and one that is constantly increasing. He occupies the entire second floor at the above number, 25x60 feet in size, with a conveniently fitted office in front, and workshop in the rear. He does a general business in the line of contracting and building, takes contracts of all kinds, furnishes estimates in work, and attends to all kinds of jobbing promptly, and at most reasonable prices. A leading specialty of his business is the fitting up of stores and offices, and as a specimen of the fine work done by Mr. Chapline, attention is called to the interior furnishing of the magnificent store of the Meacham Arms Co., all the fixtures of which were furnished by Mr. Chapline. He employs a full corps of competent carpenters, ranging from ten to thirty-five, according to the season, and guarantees all of his work to be satisfactory, as it is done under his personal superintendence. Mr. Chapline was born in Kentucky, and has resided thirty years in this state and twenty years in St. Louis. He is an active, energetic and affable gentleman, with whom it is a pleasure to do business.

162

C. B. CLARKE.

In the manufacture of fine carriages, buggies, etc., a prominent and reliable house in St. Louis, is that of Mr. C. B. Clarke, whose factory and salesrooms are situated at No. 2021 Pine street. Mr. Clarke, who was born in Rhode Island, came to St. Louis thirty years ago, and first began the practice of his profession as an architect. He practiced for thirty-two years, during which period he designed and erected many first-class buildings, including his present establishment and the Fagin building. In 1881 Mr. Clarke embarked in the carriage building trade, and has built up a liberal and influential patronage, not only in St. Louis, but also in the South and West. He occupies a spacious and substantial three-story brick building, 50x109 feet in area, fully supplied with modern tools, machinery and appliances, while twenty-five skilled workmen are employed in the various departments. Only carefully selected and thoroughly seasoned lumber and other materials are utilized, and the vehicles turned out are unsurpassed in the city or elsewhere for elegance of design, ease of draft, strength, durability and workmanship. He keeps constantly in stock all kinds of carriages, buggies, surreys, phaetons, victories, sulkies, express wagons, etc., which are offered to customers at very reasonable prices. Mr. Clarke also manufactures wheels, and attends carefully to repairs and painting. Mr. Clarke makes a specialty of order work, to which he devotes his personal attention. He is a progressive and honorable business man, who enjoys a well deserved reputation won by skill, energy and industry.

WEAVER'S NEW HOTEL.

An establishment that has become very popular in a short time is Weaver's New Hotel, situated at Nos. 906, 908, 910, Pine street. Mr. S. M. Weaver, the proprietor, has been in the hotel and restaurant business all his life, and fully understands how to cater to a fastidious public. He threw open the doors of his new house on the first of September, and has since been doing a splendid business, and by his courtesy and attention, making many friends and securing many permanent patrons, all of whom speak in the highest terms of his ability as a hotel man and efficiency as a caterer. The hotel building is a three-story structure, 75x130 feet in dimensions, and contains about half a hundred sleeping rooms well ventilated and lighted. It is neatly and tastefully furnished, and in all appointments complete and perfect. The house is conducted on the American and European plans, and every comfort is provided for the accommodation of guests. The restaurant is admirably arranged and fitted up, and on the bill of fare will be found the best the market affords, in the way of substantials and delicacies, including oysters, which are received fresh daily and served in every style. Professional cooks are employed, and careful waiters always in attendance. Popular prices prevail, and many hundreds of business men obtain their meals and lunches here every day. The situation of the house is very central, and all parts of the city is easily accessible from it by horse cars. Rooms can be had in this well-conducted house from 50 cents to $1.00 per day, and rooms and board from $1.50 to $2.00 per day. Mr. Weaver, who was born in Ohio, came to St. Louis in 1875. He is a business man of energy and enterprise ans it should be said to his credit that his hotel and estaurant end joys a liberal patronage and in a very flourfshing condition.

JACOB CHRIST.

The tailoring art has no more able nor popular exponent in this city than Mr. Jacob Christ, whose splendid store is in the Temple building, No. 19 S. Broadway. Mr. Christ, who was born in Germany, came to St. Louis in 1857, and nine years after established himself in business, since which time he has enjoyed a substantial success. He has occupied his present location eight years, and has always been in this immediate neighborhood. The store is neatly and tastefully fitted up; all the surroundings being in keeping with the character of the business, and the display made of fine suitings, trouserings, cloths, cassimeres, etc., of the latest and most fashionable designs of European and American production, is superior in every respect. Mr. Christ is a practical cutter, and personally superintends the make up of every garment that leaves his establishment. Only the best materials are used, and none but deft and dexterous operatives are employed Orders are filled promptly, prices are reasonable, and perfect satisfaction is guaranteed in all cases. Mr. Christ is ably assisted by two experienced cutters, and he has acquired a wide reputation for the superior quality of his goods, workmanship, perfection in fit and general get up of his custom made clothing His patronage comes from the best class of citizens, and is annually increasing. Mr. Christ is a veteran of the war and served in the 13th Missouri Regiment. He belongs to the Legion of Honor, and A. O. U W., and is very popular as a business man and citzen. His store is 5x75 feet in area, and without exception is one of the most attractive among the establishments of its kind on the thoroughfare on which it is located.

PELTON BROS. & CO.

The city of St. Louis is certainly to be congratulated upon the skill and originality displayed by its manufacturers in every branch of industrial activity. Many of these have been attracted from other sections by the manifest advantages and openings offered here for well-directed effort, among them being the firm of Messrs. Pelton Bros. & Co., who came from Middletown, Conn, in 1871. They began business in that place in 1854, under the style of F. W. & O. Z. Pelton, as manufacturers of the finest quality of electro-silver plated ware, and adopted their present firm name on arrival here. They occupy the whole of a splendid three story and basement building at 717 S. Sixth street, 30x100 feet in dimensions, and employ between thirty-five and forty skilled assistants, in the interesting industry. Among the articles produced may be mentioned table sets of exquisite design and perfect workmanship and finish, pitcher sets, holiday goods and novelties of all kinds, including many choice articles of their own conception. The leading specialty is white metal hollow ware, which is guaranteed to be strong and durable, and to give good service without change of color. These productions are of snperior merit, and have become famous over the whole country from New York on the one hand, to California on the other, and from Minnesota to New Orleans Both brothers are natives of Middletown, and are vigorous and energetic exponents of the very best methods in every process of their scientific vocation. They are indefatigable in maintaining the highest standard of excellence, and have made for themselves a national reputation by their success in this line.

CAHN, WAMPOLD & CO.

One of the largest among the old established clothing houses in the West is that of Cahn, Wrampold & Co., manufacturers and dealers, whose headquarters are at 204 to 210 Monroe street, Chicago. This house has enjoyed a successful career of upward of forty years, and controls a trade widely diffusep throughout the South and West. In 1877 a branch was opened in this city, which is under the control of Mr. M. Werner, a thoroughly experienced business man of unquestioned reputation and wide popularity. He occupies premises on the third floor of Nugent's new building, 422 Washington avenue, and carries a full assortment of samples of all the various lines of clothing manufactured by the firm, embracing everything seasonable, fashionable and desirable for men's, youths', boys' and children's wear. The goods are all first quality and superior in every respect and as they are sold at the very lowest prices, a large city and country trade has been established. Mr. Werner is ably assisted in his business operations by his son, Mr. J. M. Werner, and has several "drummers" on the road. Business is brisk and active at all times, and under Mr. Werner's careful direction, a man thoroughly versed in every detail of the business, is steadily growing in volume and importance.

163

THE EXCELSIOR CARD AND ADVERTISING COMPANY.

In these clays of competition, advertising has become recognized as an absolute necessity to any firm, or to any house hoping for any degree of success. Among the many forms and methods of advertising that by illustrations in lithograph, chromos, embossed cards and other novelties is considered one of the very best. The leading house in this line is the Excelsior Card and Advertising Company, whose headquarters are in the elegant Fagin building, No. 810 Olive street. This house has been established in the present form for the past two years, and presided over by Mr. J. H. Eiermann, who was formerly in the printing business in this city, being a partner since 1881, as Sander & Eiermann. Mr. Eiermann is a thoroughly practical and experienced hand, understands all branches of the trade and is expert in selecting the most affective novelties for any line of advertising. The trade of the house is through the West and South, and is reached by four traveling salesmen, who are kept on the road continually. Four persons are employed about the premises and a large local trade is also done. A full line of lithographs, cards, panels, chromos, calendars, fans, hangers and other novelties is carried, and this house has direct connections with the leading manufacturers of advertising specialties in the East. Mr. Eiermann is a native of Illinois, and has resided in St. Louis for the past twenty-three years; he is a young man of activity and energy, has numerous friends and is highly respected in business circles. He is one of the best salesmen in the country, and an active jobber.

HAYWARD & CO.

St. Louis, by reason of its central location and its splendid shipping facilities, either by water or rail, has long been considered one of the best wholesale distributing points in the country. This is well proven by the immense business being done by the wholesale grocery house of Hayward & Co., at No. 417 N. Main street. This excellent firm has been established in St. Louis for nine years, although the senior member of the firm, Mr. J. T. K. Hayward, has been in mercantile life since 1866 in Hannibal, Mo., where he was senior member of the firm of Hayward & Loomis. Nineteen years ago Mr. C. T. Hayward joined the firm and the present style was adopted. They carry a very full and complete line of groceries, fruit, candies, hardware and tinware, leather and findings, drugs and medicines, and are agents for Coat's thread. They employ no traveling men, but issue a very comprehensive catalogue for the use of grocers and general dealers, which they send upon application. They occupy a large four-story and basement brick block, 25x120 feet in size, and have every facility for handling their large and valued stock, and their immense trade, which extends to all parts of the South, West and Southwest. The members of this excellent firm are all natives of Missouri, and being well experienced in the business know just what the trade demands, and supply it at prices beyond reach of competition, hence their immense and increasing trade.

LOVE & SONS.

The prosperity of St. Louis is due, to a great extent, to the active energy and enterprise of its real estate men. In this line none are more prominent than the well-known house of Love & Son, at No. 117 N. Eighth street. This excellent firm handles nothing but the very best and first-class inside property. They occupy the main floor at the above number for their offices, which are very handsomely and conveniently furnished and fitted for the management of their immense business. Mr. J. E. Love, the senior member of the firm, is a native of Virginia and has been in the mercantile business in St. Louis for the past twenty years. Mr. E. K. Love, was born in Alabama and has been in St. Louis for twenty years, coming here with his parents while an infant. They handle all high grade property, manage estates, do a general notarial and conveyancing business and insure for their clients only. Mr. Love has a beautiful residence at No. 70 Vandeventer place, one of the handsomest in the city, and is one of the most substantial men of the city, He is a member of the Legion of Honor, and with his son, Mr. Edward K. Love, is among the most popular commercial and social people in the city.

F. A. WINDEGGER & CO.

Among the well-known practical printers in this city there are none more thoroughly capable of executing fine work, than Mr. F. A. Windegger, who is doing a large business at No. 514 Pine street, under the name and style of F. A. Windegger & Co. He has been established in his present location two years and in that time achieved an enviable reputation and is the recipient of a very liberal and substantial patronage. The premises occupied, the second-story front, have an area of 25x35 feet and are equipped with every requisite for the systematic and successful prosecution of the business, including three presses and fonts of new style type. Mr. Windegger executes all kinds of job and commercial printing in the highest style of the art and at the very lowest prices. He makes a specialty of bills of fare for hotels and restaurants. He is a careful, painstaking printer, and unremitting in his attentions to render the best satisfaction. Mr. Windegger is a young man, was born in this city, and an accomplished master of his art.

ANCHOR STEAM LAUNDRY.

There is probably no line of business, in which there has been such great improvement in modern times, as in the laundry business. One of the latest improved and best in the city is that of the Anchor Steam Laundry, at No. 1009 N. Broadway. This splendid business was established by the present proprietor, Mr. R. N. Emerson, in 1885 and has met with a very liberal patronage ever since. He occupies two floors at the above number, 25x127 feet in size, and employs from thirty-five to forty people, using four washing machines, and nine ironing machines, all of the latest improved machinery, and has a capacity of 3,000 shirts per week with a proportionate number of collars and cuffs. He operates his machinery by a sixteen horse power engine, and has every convenience for the management of his large trade. He has branch offices at No. 819 Market street, No. 1322 N. Market street, and at No. 1509 Olive street, and three delivery wagons are kept busy constantly, delivering and collecting packages. Mr. Emerson was born in Louis county, Mo., and has been in St. Louis for the past fourteen years, being formerly in the employ of one of the large sawmills. He is a prominent member of the American Legion of Honor and is popular in business and social circles.

164

HENRY PETTKER.

For over a score of years has the grocery house of Henry Pettker been a prominent feature of St. Louis' commercial life, business, having however, being conducted at the present site only during the past twelve years. Mr. Pettker, who is a native of Germany, came to this city twenty-six years ago, and soon, with characteristic enterprise, saw an opening, and launched into the highly successful business which he has been in the forefront for twenty years. The premises consist of two adjoining stores, 25x75 feet in area, which he owns, one portion being used as a saloon. He also owns the brick building on the southeast corner of Cass avenue and Twenty-third street, which is occupied by a handsome drug store, also a block of five elegant stores with flats over head, on the northeast corner, the most handsome block on the street, a view of which appears in this work, all of which were built by Mr. Pettker, and in which he takes great pride, having therefore been the means of increasing the value of real estate in the neighborhood fully 25 per cent. The grocery store, the trade of which is wholesale and retail, is stocked with a fine assortment of all that goes to make up the complete stock of a grocery of the present day, all selected with the experience born of a score of years' acquaintance with the needs of the locality. There are four clerks employed and two teams are given ample employment in meeting the wants of his patrons. The trade is local, and has steadily grown in volume, showing in the most conclusive manner that Mr. Pettker's business judgments are correct, and that he has the faculty of keeping the old and gathering new customers. He is a gentleman of middle age and is highly esteemed in the community of which he is a resident

DEHNER-WUERPEL MILL BUILDING CO.

This flourishing business was established in 1854 by Mr. A. K. Halteman, who was succeeded by Halteman & Co. In 1876 Messrs. Dehner & Wuerpel became the proprietors, and eventually in 1883 the business was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $40,000, its present executive officers being Mr. A. Dehner, president and treasurer; Mr. E. Wuerpel, vice-president and Mr. F. E. Wuerpel, secretary. They occupy a spacious three-story brick building, 75x140 feet in area, located at No. 1607 to 1617 S. Third street, fully equipped with special tools and machinery, operated by a forty horse power steam engine. Here from eighty to one hundred skilled workmen are employed, and the trade of the company now extends throughout all sections of Missouri and the adjacent states. They manufacture largely improved roller mills, corn mills, machine moulded pulleys, finished split pulleys, turned wrought shafting and couplings, set collars, bracket boxes, self-oiling hangers, patent improved iron elevator boots, sprocket wheels, etc., and likewise import and sell belting and bolting cloth. Their famous St. Louis Roller Mill is unsurpassed for simplicity, durability and effectiveness, and is highly esteemed by every practical miller, owing to its superiority and intrinsic merits. Its bearings are especially long, and the boxes are lined throughout with genuine babbitt metal. Their improved shaker feed once adjusted requires no further attention, and insures an even and well spread flow of the grain to the rolls. They make a specialty of erecting and improving machinery outfits for breweries, malt houses and grain elevators, and refer by permission to the leading brewers of St. Louis, including the Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association, the Brinckwirth & Nolker Brewing Company, the Wainwright Brewing Company, and the Charles G. Stifel Brewing Company. In these companies' buildings, they have erected new brewing and malt house machinery outfits, giving entire satisfaction to the proprietors. They also furnish plans and machinery to parties desirous of doing their own mill-wrighting, and quote extremely moderate prices, in all cases. Messrs. A. Dehner and E. Wuerpel were born in Germany, but have resided in St. Louis the greater part, of their lives, while Mr. F. E. Wuerpel is a native of this city. They are highly esteemed in trade eircles for their mechanical skill, ability and integrity, and their success in this important industry is as substantial, as it is well merited. During the Civil War Mr. A. Dehner served in the Home Guards of St. Louis, while Mr. E. Wuerpel was a Captain in the 43d Illinois Infantry, and was present at several battles. They issue an illustrated catalogue and price list, which is forwarded upon application.

ALEX. MASTBROOK.

A reference to the drug trade of St. Louis at once suggests the popular store owned and conducted by Mr. Alexander Mastbrook, located at 109 and in S. Broadway under the Olympic theater. This business was established in 1867, at 6 and 7 Poplar street by Mr. Mastbrook, and has been at its present location since 1881. This store is in all respects one of, if not the finest in the city. Within are all the modern improvements and decorations, including electric light, handsome tile floors and beautiful fixtures, and the store has entrances from the theater as well as street. The compounding of physicians' prescriptions hold a paramount position in this; establishment and is under the immediate supervision of Mr. Mastbrook. The three assistants employed in this department are experienced druggists — graduates in pharmacy. The premises are spacious and elegant, and contain a large and varied stock of the finest drugs, fancy toilet articles, brushes, combs, soaps, cologne and perfumery, extracts of domestic and foreign manufacture, mineral waters, both home and imported in bottles or on draught. Mr. Mastbrook manufactures a variety of standard preparations which include an excellent cough lozenge, glycerine balm, etc. In connection with this store, a branch has been operated at 3100 Olive street since 1871. Mr. Mastbrook was born in Germany and has resided in St. Louis since 1855, being identified with the drug trade of the city since 1858. He is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. Enterprising, reliable and ambitious, cautious and exact, he has secured the confidence of the public.

165

BROOKS BROS. & CO.

St. Louis, the recognized center of mercantile activity in the Missouri and Mississippi valleys, affords favorable openings for well-considered enterprises in every branch of trade. One of the most important of these is that devoted to watches, clocks, jewelry, fancy goods, notions and novelties, as represented by the house of Messrs. Brooks Bros. & Co. of Nos, 417 and 419 N. Fourth street, who possess large capital, trained talents, and the greatest facilities. The establishment was founded in 1863 by Mr. J. C. Brooks, who, for upward of twenty years, developed its latent resources on the soundest of commercial principles. In 1884, his sons Messrs. A. R. and F. C. Brooks, who were identified with the industry from their youth, succeeded, and under their skillful management the business has grown to proportions of great magnitude, large shipments being made to all parts of the United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America and even Australia. They import direct, and purchase from manufacturers immense quantities of five, ten and twenty-five cent counter goods, wisely avoidng all second-hand articles and job lots, and carrying only fresh stock. They display a most desirable assortment of rich gold and silver jewelry, watches, clocks, etc., making a specialty of the newest styles, and the most artistic designs. Other large departments contain almost infinite varieties of cutlery, notions, spectacles and eyeglasses, hosiery and linens, and all kinds of novelties, offered at prices that are astonishingly reasonable, considering the high character of the goods. Purchasers will obtain advantages in this fine establishment that would be difficult to duplicate elsewhere in the Union. They do an exclusively wholesale business of enormous volume, having widespread ramifications, indicating the appreciation in which the goods are held by the public. Both gentlemen are natives of St. Louis, and exhibit the true spirit of American enterprise in all their operations. They issue a magnificently embellished catalogue of ninety-six pages, from which orders may be given with the greatesty accuracy.

W. UTAY.

One of the best diamond setters in St. Louis is Mr. Wolf Utay, who conducts his business at No. 208 N. Fourth street. Mr. Utay is a practical jeweler and diamond setter, and gives his whole attention to the conduct of this business. He occupies the second floor of the three-story brick building at the above address, and has complete plant for conducting all branches of work in the most careful and workman-like manner. His workshop is equipped with lathes, drills, and other fine machinery. He gives employment to six workmen and does quite an extensive business, his trade being mostly local. The highest price is paid by Mr. Utay for old gold and silver, which is utilized in manufacturing settings of various modern kinds. Mr. Utay has conducted this business for the past five years with constantly increasing success, and has always been the head of the enterprise. He is a native of Russia, and has resided in St. Louis for the past ten years. He is a young man and is characterized by great energy and business activity. He is a prominent member of the Sons of Benjamin, and is well and favorably known in the leading business circles of the city. He is also a member in good standing in the American fraternal circles, and is a young man of the highest intelligence and esponsibility.

ANTHONY KESSLER.

Few industries in modern communities are of greater importance than that of tanning. When we consider the many uses to which leather is now put, and the demand for the best article, it will be seen that the art is one in which only those who are thoroughly expert, can hope to succeed. Mr. Anthony Kessler, the proprietor of the North St. Louis Tannery, confines his attention to oak tanned harness leather only, and has, during the quarter of a century that he has been in this interesting business, established an enviable reputation for superior work that extends over the whole of the United States. His works, which are the largest in this department in the city, are located at No. 3217 N. Broadway, and comprise a three-story brick factory, 80x120 feet in dimensions, besides other buildings, supplied with every suitable appliance for the work. The premises are spacious, extending to a depth of 320 feet, and offer every convenience for the handling of bark, hides, leather, etc., and a force of fifty hands, constantly employed, is required in the various departments. The particular brand turned out by this house is that which is so well known to the trade in every part, and which has no superior in those desirable qualities that are sought after by the best houses, namely, "Chestnut Oak" harness leather. The demand for this grade is often so pressing that the resources of the establishment are taxed to the utmost, notwithstanding their great capacity. A branch house is owned by Mr. Kessler, at No. 3108 N. Broadway. Mr. Kessler is a German by birth, but came here many years ago. He began in a small way, and has gradually worked his way upward, until he now owns his premises, which he also designed and built. He is an expert in his vocation, and has ever enjoyed the esteem of all with whom he has had dealings.

GEORGE BRANDT.

A thoroughly prosperous house engaged in this line in St Louis is that of the above named gentleman. The business of this establishment was organized in 1881, by Mr. Brandt, five years ago removing to his present eligible location, corner Fifteenth street and St. Louis avenue, of which he is the owner, consisting of a two story brick building with lot, having dimensions of 87x145 feet, the whole of which is utilized for business purposes. It is equipped with all requisite tools and mechanical appliances for the successful prosecution of the industry, while employment is afforded some six skilled workmen. Mr. Brandt manufactures all kinds of carriages and wagons to order, which are noted for their general features of merit, and are built in the most superior manner at short notice. A specialty is made of painting, repairing and general jobbing. All work done is executed in the most finished manner and warranted to be first class, and customers are assured the best of values as well as most reasonable prices, and a trial order will substantiate these statements. Mr. Brandt is a practical man of some years experience, and much of his success is due to the personal supervision he exercises over the execution of all orders intrusted to him. He was born and raised in St. Louis and is highly popular in social, as well as business circles.

DAUERNHEIM & LUPFER.

There are a few branches of industry which have exhibited a greater degree of expansion and improvement during recent years, than that of the workers in brass. The highly artistic productions of these craftsmen are to-day infinitely superior to those of a quarter of a century ago, and do great credit to both designers and finishers. We refer of course to high-class work, such as is to be seen at the Central Brass Foundry at No. 216 Locust stteet, of which Messrs. Dauernheim & Lupfer are the energetic proprietors. The former began business as long ago as 1864, and has ever maintained his position in the van of progress, and exerted an influence on the trade during his long and honorable career, whose beneficent value it would be difficult to estimate. Mr. Lupfer was admitted to the partnership in 1877, and has proved an invaluable assistant in the management of this extensive business. Brass work, both heavy and light, for all purposes, is executed in an artistic and thorough manner. The premises are a substantial three-story brick, the machinery of the latest pattern, and the location, all affording unexceled facilities for the successful prosecution of the industry, while the high-class patronage which this house enjoys, enables it to offer advantages which it would be difficult to obtain elsewhere. Both partners are natives of Germany, and are respected and esteemed by a very large class among all circles of society.

166

L. A. MOFFETT & CO.

The real estate agent is the prime factor in building up a locality. By the free use of printer's ink, and his untiring energy he makes known to capital and enterprise the resources and advantages of the city or town in which he is located, and is always ready and prepared to furnish an intelligent opinion concerning prospects of a rise in values. The firm of L. A. Moffett & Co. is one among the best known of the responsible real estate dealers in this city, and occupy a well-arranged office at 622 Chestnut street. Mr. Leslie A. Moffett has a thorough, comprehensive knowledge of all that appertains to the transfer of realty and has been established in the business for a period of seventeen years. Mr. James M. Franciscus Jr. is also experienced and practical, and has been associated with Mr. Moffett since 1879. Their splendid subdivision near the fair grounds and the opportunities offered those seeking a good paying, permanent investment are such that no sagacious business man can afford to neglect. They also handle and deal in improved and vacant city and rural property; buy, sell and exchange on order; lease and rent houses, collect rents, and pay particular attention to the management of estates for resident and non-resident owners. Through their close business connections in financial circles the firm can also obtain loans to any amount on real estate and all first-class collateral at the lowest rates. Mr. Moffett is a native of Kentucky. He has resided in St. Louis many years and prior to engaging in his present enterprise was a member of the firm of D. A. January & Co., wholesale grocers. Mr. Franciscus was born in this city and has always lived here. The firm is one of the most responsible in the city, and have been very successful in disposing of the holdings of owners and placing investments, and their judgment and advice in realty operations may always be implicitly relied on.

HARRY G. KNAPP.

In view of the steady and solid growth of St. Louis, and the ever increasing demand for residences and manufactories and commercial blocks, the real estate interests have come to form one of the chief outlets for the investment of capital among the well-to-do portion of the community, and so it follows that matters involving such responsibilities must of necessity be placed in the hands of trustworthy men, who are beyond the touch of suspicion. Among such is Mr. Harry G. Knapp, real estate and financial agent, with handsomely equipped offices at No. 803 Locust street. Mr. Knapp has been established on his own account since 1887, though he had previously enjoyed a considerable experience in the same line of business. His house has the name of being live and progressive, and has made a most favorable mark on the confidence of the community. The fact that his business is continually on the increase, is a sufficient guarantee that he is a very safe man to intrust with the care of property. He undertakes the complete responsibility and management of business and residential property, the management of estates of non-residents, collecting rents, paying taxes, superintending necessary repairs, and relieving the owner of every particle of anxiety, as he has such a wide connection that he seldom has difficulty in finding suitable tenants when required. He also advances money to any amount on choice securities at reasonable rates, and buys and sells city and suburban property for his clients outright. He is able at all times to secure the most favorable terms and prices on all classes of property. His telephone number is 436, and where practical, he will gladly furnish any information by telephone or correspondence. Mr. Knapp is a gentleman of middle age and a native born citizen of St. Louis.

J. FRED. HERKSTROETER.

This notable landmark and one of the oldest jewelry houses in the city of St. Louis was founded by the present proprietor twenty-eight years ago. In 1876 it was removed to its present desirable location, No. 1009 Cass avenue, and has been conducted with eminent success and ability from its inception. Few enjoy a more enviable reputation for excellent work and entire reliability than Mr. J. Fred Herkstroeter, who is a native of Germany, and at an early age applied himself with great industry to the acquisition of a thorough mastery of his important and beautiful art. The premises occupied are centrally located, having an area of 18x45 feet. The store is compact, ample and neatly appointed; One competent assistant is employed, and a large and carefully selected stock of everything in the jewelry line is constantly carried, every article sold being warranted, and all work executed is guaranteed to render satisfaction. Particular attention is paid to the repairing of watches, clocks, and jewelry, while the most reasonable prices prevail, and his patronage is large and influential. By his perfect knowledge of the business and many years of practical experience, persons dealing here can depend upon any representations made to them, and that all work intrusted to him will be executed in the most workmanlike manner. Mr. Herkstroeter devotes his personal attention to all the details of his business, and is a very popular, courteous and reliable dealer. He is a gentleman in middle life, and has been in St. Louis thirty-eight years.

O. K. STEAM LAUNDRY.

For superior work, prompt delivery, careful handling and moderate charges, it is safe to say that no steam laundry in St. Louis has a higher reputation than the O. K., at 1015 Morgan street, of which Mr. L. Martin is proprietor. The laundry was opened for business about a year ago, and is one of the most complete in the city. In all departments it is fitted up with approved modern machinery for doing the very best work, and a force of male and female operatives is employed. The establishment is spacious, commodious and well-equipped for turning out 400 dozen shirts, besides collars, cuffs and family and hotel laundry every week. A specialty is made of ladies' fine work, lace curtains, etc., and every care and attention paid to prevent damage to the goods. Delivery wagons are kept constantly busy, and the patronage steadily increases. Mr. Martin is a thoroughly practical, experienced business man, accommodating, and well deserves the success that has attended his enterprise. He was born in the city of New York, came to St. Louis in 1876, and for a period of fifteen years was salesman with Nugent Bros., dry goods, and three years with Frank Bros., in the same line of business. He is a well-known member of the National Union.

JOS. HACKMANN.

The development of the real estate market of St. Louis has been on a scale of magnitude commensurate with the importance and rapid growth in wealth and population, and is equal to any city in the union, while much of the credit attaching there to is due to the intelligent efforts and honorable policy of her leading and representative real estate agents. Prominent among the number referred to is Mr. Jos. Hackmann, well known in real estate circles, whose office is eligibly located at No. 821 Chestnut street. This gentleman established himself in the business some three years ago, and in the comparatively brief intervening period to the present has developed a widespread connection of a most superior character, including among his clients many of our leading capitalists and operators in real estate. He is a recognized accurate authority on the present and prospective values of realty throughout all sections of the city and vicinity, so that the utmost reliance can be placed upon his judgment and advice by intending investors. He transacts a general real estate business, buying, selling, exchanging and renting, and has carried through to a successful issue many important transactions. He also negotiates loans promptly on bond and mortgage, takes entire management of estates for non-residents, and is prepared to place all transactions on a substantial and satisfactory footing for his patrons. Mr. Hackmann was born in St. Louis in the year 1831; and is a gentleman of large experience, sound judgment and marked ability.

167

H. McK. WILSON

The representative and most successful house in the Southwest and West, extensively engaged in the manufacture and sale of dairy machinery and supplies, is that of Messrs. H. McK. Wilson & Co., whose offices and salesrooms are located in St. Louis, at No. 202 Market street. This prosperous business was established in 1885, by Mr. H. McK. Wilson, who is sole proprietor. The premises occupied comprise a spacious four-story and basement building, 25x100 feet in dimensions, fully supplied with every convenience for the accommodation oft he well selected and reliable stock. The assortment includes cream separators, barrel and box churns, butter workers, milk cans, butter tubs, pails, milk and cream vats, cheese making apparatus, steam engines, boilers, belting, hose, oils, etc. Mr. Wilson also builds to order creameries, canning factories, ice plants and cold storage houses. He makes a specialty of building complete canning factories, ice making factories and cold storage houses at very reasonable figures. Creameries are also built and fitted up complete, with the best machinery, and appliances from $2,500 to $3,000, according to size and style. He handles only such dairy machinery and supplies, that have stood the test of years, and customers can always rely implicitly upon all goods purchased from him. Mr. Wilson is the western agent for the Genessee Salt Company, and his trade extends throughout all sections of the South, Southwest and West. He has just patented a first-class bull tamer. This is a superior and useful invention, preventing bulls from fighting, hooking, breaking fences or doing any damage. It does not injure the bull in the least, nor does it interfere with his drinking or eating. This bull tamer is made strongly of iron and brass, and is adjustable so as to fit any bull's head. Mr. Wilson is a native of Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, but has resided in St. Louis for the past nine years, where he is highly esteemed; in business circles. He issues annually a very superior illustrated catalogue and price list, which is forwarded promptly to any address upon application.

LOUIS STUMPF GROCER CO.

Two of the most popular grocery establishments in St. Louis are those of the Louis Stumpf Grocer Co., one of which is at No. 3335 Olive street, and the other at the corner of Vandeventer and Cass avenues. The splendid business now being carried on by this concern dates from 1867, when it was established by Mr. Louis Stumpf, and continued until 1885, when the present company was organized and incorporated with a large capital. Both stores are spacious and commodious, convenient in all appointments, and equipped with every facility for the prosecution of the business on a large scale. The goods kept in stock are all of superior quality, have been selected for purity and freshness, and it may be safely said are not surpassed by those of any other first-class groceries in the city. Prices are always governed by moderation, and every attention paid to filling orders and attending to the wants of customers. A specialties made of splendid new crop China, Japan and India teas, fragrant coffees from Mocha, Java, and South America, aromatic spices from the tropics, all the leading branches of hermetically sealed goods in glass and tin, table luxuries, delicatessin, condiments, preserves, salad oils, nuts, dried fruits, cereal products, delicious breakfast bacon, sugar-cured hams, smoked and salt fish, prime creamery and dairy butter, cheese and fresh eggs, and everything both staple and fancy in the line of groceries and family supplies. Competent clerks are employed, and teams call for and deliver orders in any part of the city and suburbs. Mr. Louis Stumpf, the founder of the substantial business, and president of the company, is a German by birth, and well known in St. Louis, where he has resided many years, upward of forty. Mr. Peter C. Von Ahnen, the vice-president, is also a native of Germany, and an old resident of the city, and connected with the house for twenty-four years. Mr. Louis C. Stumpf, son of the president, was born here. He is the secretary, and a live, wide-awake young business man.

JOS. MARKS.

The popular old established wholesale and retail grocery house of Mr. Jos. Marks has always from its foundation received a liberal patronage from an appreciative public. He commenced business operations in the building now occupied, at Nos. 1931 and 1933 N. Broadway in 1859, since when he has enlarged the premises from time to time, and increased the stock in order to keep pace with the demands of the rapidly growing population in that section of the city. Two spacious commodious stores are utilized, and two warehouses, which have combined dimensions of 60x140 feet. The stock of goods is unquestionably superior in quality, and large and varied. It comprises the very choicest teas and coffees, pure spices, syrups, sugars, canned fruits and vegetables, flour of all the leading popular brands, and everything in the line of staple and fancy groceries, also imported and domestic wines and liquors of standard excellence, bottled expressly for family uses. In connection with the store Mr. Marks has a finely fitted up saloon, where his splendid wines, liquors, ale, lager beer, and choice cigars can be obtained. Orders are called for, and promptly filled, five polite clerks and three teams being employed for this special purpose. Goods are sold at the very lowest prices, and Mr. Marks has always enjoyed the fullest confidence of his many patrons. He is a gentleman in middle life, a native of Germany; came to St. Louis thirty-two years ago, and is emphatically a live enterprising business man.

FRIEDMAN & BICHLER.

It is a pleasure to note the grocery business of Messrs. Friedman and Bichler in this review, on account of its high standing and pronounced success. The business was only started in 1890, but the gentlemen of this house determined to achieve success by handling only the best goods, and to sell at reasonable prices, consequently they have built up a splendid trade. Their stores are located at 1331 and 1333 Pine street, and 1001 Park avenue, the east store being used as meat market, and the other for groceries, etc. They are both on the ground floor, and are each 25x60 feet in dimensions All kinds of staple and fancy groceries are carried, including canned goods, fruits, vegetables, etc.; also coffees, teas, spices, condiments, pickles, dairy products, table delicacies, sugar, etc. In the meat department all kinds of fresh, salt, and smoked meats are carried, the finest cuts of beef, pork, mutton, veal and lamb being had, together with game and fish in season; also poultry, lard, sausage, hams, bacon, etc. Three competent and courteous clerks are employed, and a team is used to deliver goods to any part of the city without charge. This firm consists of L. Friedman and M. Bichler, natives of Germany, but residents of this city for many years. They are well known, popular, and highly respected.

168

W. F. PAHLMANN.

Among the well-known proprietors of well conducted livery stables in St. Louis is Mr. W. F. Pahlmann, successor to Pahlmann Bros., whose splendidly equipped stables are on Easton avenue, Nos. 2953 and 2955. The premises consis, of a two-story brick building, with carriage house adjoining, and have dimensions of 100x150 feet. The stable has stalls for 100 horses on the ground floor, and has been fitted up upon scientific hygieneic principles. The outfit for livery purposes embraces stylish driving and saddle horses, and fashionable coaches, carriages, buggies, etc., and affords complete satisfaction to the most critical and fastidious of patrons. Stylish equipages are furnished at all hours for all purposes, a specialty being made of light livery. Orders receive immediate attention, and careful, reliable and intelligent drivers only are employed. In the boarding department Mr. Pahlmann has in his charge many valuable horses, owned by some of our best and most wealthy citizens. Competent stable men are always in attendance, and taken all together, this establishment is a model of order, system, and cleanliness. The patronage comes from the best classes of the community, and a brisk business is done at all times. Mr. Pahlmann, although a resident of St. Louis for many years, is a native of Germany. He commenced his career as a business man in 1870, as a copartner with his brother in the business he is now conducting, which came under his sole control in 1885. He has made many improvements about the stables, and increased his stock of horses and carriages, and is now better able than ever before to attend to the requirements of the public.

JOHN McMENAMY.

As a class the real estate agents include the best equipped business men of a community. In this city among those best known we find Mr. John McMenamy, a man of unquestioned reputation and long practical experience in the business of buying, selling, and exchanging real property. For a period of twelve years he was with Messrs. D. Anderson & Co., whom he succeeded in 1885. By his enterprise and energy he has established permanent business connections with leading capitalists and owners of property, and is well prepared to conduct realty operations, and procure loans to any amount on bond and mortgage, and all first-class securities. Mr. McMenamy also rents dwellings, stores, factories, etc., takes charge of estates, secures tenants, pays taxes for non-resident owners, collects rents, and has a long list on his books of some of the most desirable property in the business, residence, and suburban sections of the city. He is a recognized authority upon real estate matters, and no other agents have been more successful in any department of the profession. Mr. McMenamy is also doing a large business as an insurance agent, and carefully looks after the interests of his clients, promptly adjusts claims, and pays losses. He is a native of St. Louis county, and has always resided in the city. He is a gentleman of the highest standing in the community, esteemed and respected by all who know him for his business ability and integrity. Mr. McMenamy's office is at No. 3139 Easton avenue. It is very neatly fitted up, and several clerks are always in attendance. He is making a specialty of desirable suburban property, and has some splendid opportunities to offer those seeking good-paying investments.

D. A. CLARK.

One of the most progressive houses in this city engaged in its special line of enterprise is that of D. A. Clark, No. in N. Twelfth street. This business was inaugurated by Mr. Clark in 1886. The premises occupied comprise a four-story brick building, eighty-five feet in depth, and equipped with all modern conveniences necessary for the business. The heavy stock carried, embraces a superb assortment of furnitur of all grades, both modern and antique, including parlor, drawing-room, dining-room, library, chamber, and kitchen outfits, which for quality, elegance, durability, and workmanship are absolutely unsurpassed by any other house in the trade. In carpets a fine line of Brussels, Moquette, tapestry, and ingrain is always in stock. He also carrries a complete assortment of parlor and kitchen stoves, ranges, gas, gasoline, and oil stoves, lamps, chandeliers, wringing machines, bedsprings, mattresses, bedding, matting, rugs, oilcloths and linoleums, and general house furnishing goods of every description, the goods are sold for cash, or on time payments, and the lowest prices prevail. The business of the house is widespread, and extends throughout the city and surrounding country. The upright and reliable character of Mr. Clark's dealings, and the superior quality of his merchandise have permanently secured for him the representative position he now holds in the trade. Mr. Clark was born in Pennsylvania, and has been a respected resident of St. Louis since 1879, and is chosen with confidence to represent the furniture interests.

FRED. VELDE.

An excellently conducted grocery establishment on Easton avenue is that of Mr. Fred. Velde, located at Nos. 3208 and 3210 on that throughfare. It is one of the largest and best appointed stores of its kind in that section of the city. Mr. Velde has had an extended experience in the trade, and has enjoyed the confidence of his customers. The store has dimensions of 40x60 feet, attractively fitted up, and equipped with refrigerators for the preservation of perishable articles, and every convenience is provided for filling and delivering orders promptly at the shortest notice. A heavy stock of goods is always carried, embracing the finest teas and coffees, family flour, canned fruits and vegetables, potted meats, condiments, preserves, pure spices, sugars, syrups, smoked and salt meats, fish, prime dairy and creamery butter, and country produce generally. The stock has been selected with care, and is unsurpassed in variety and extent. Five clerks and salesmen are always in attendance, and every attention is paid to customers. The system of selling every article at a small profit, but of thoroughly reliable quality has always been a ruling principle of Mr. Velde. Mr. Velde is popular as a business man and citizen.

A. B. MAYER MANUFACTURING CO.

One of the valued commercial and industrial corporations of St. Louis is the A. B. Mayer Manufacturing Company, proprietors of the Anchor Bone Works, and dealers in scrap iron, rags, metals, and bones, etc. The business was established in 1863 by Mr. A. B. Mayer. In 1873 in response to a widespread demand he began the manufacture of a superior grade of fertilizers, boneblack, etc. In March, 1885, the business was incorporated with a paid-up capital of $50,000, Mr. A. B. Mayer becoming the president; Mrs. R. Mayer, vice-president and treasurer, while Mr. Fred. Mayer became secretary. The business has had a rapid growth, and the Anchor Bone Works are the leading concern of the kind in the United States. They are situated at Lowell, North St. Louis, on Second and Winter streets, where two factories are operated — one for fertilizers, and the other for the production of boneblack. The latest improved appliances have been put in, and prices are extremely reasonable. About fifty hands find steady employment. The warehouses are located at 1012-1022 N. Twelfth street, and here is carried an immense stock of rags, paper stock, metals, old iron, etc. Their trade covers every section of Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Arkansas, Texas, Kansas, Tennessee, in fact, the entire South and West, and East to Pennsylvania and Maryland. Their specialty is the Anchor brand of bone fertilizers, which have taken first prize where-ever exhibited, and their Anchor brand of boneblack is equal the superior of all other makes. Mr. A. B. Mayer is a prominent business man, who has carried through to a successful issue a most important enterprise.

169

ST. LOUIS LABEL WORKS.

Late years have witnessed vast improvements in artistic printing and lithographic work, both with regard to the rapidity with which it is produced, and the increased beauty of the styles and designs of labels, cards, etc. In this connection, we desire to refer to the successful and reliable St. Louis Label Works, eligibly located at No. 910 and 912 N. Sixth street. This prosperous and artistic industry was established in 1881 by Mr. E. F. Sailor, who conducted it till 1887, when it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri with a paid up capital of $10,000, the executive officers being Mr. J. F. Broemmelsiek, president, and Mr. John J. Grauer, secretary and treasurer. The officers are able printers and lithographers, and possess an intimate knowledge of every detail of this artistic business and the requirements of the most critical patrons. They occupy a substantial two-story brick building, 40x130 feet in area, fully supplied with the latest improved presses and machinery, operated by electric power. Here twenty-six skilled operatives are employed, and the trade of the company now extends north to Minnesota, south to the Gulf of Mexico, east to Ohio and west to California. They manufacture extensively druggists' gummed and ungummed labels, folding bottle boxes, wrappers, prescription blanks, advertising stickers, also letterheads, billheads, circulars, pamphlets and all kinds of commercial job work. The work produced is unrivaled for finish, elegance and artistic excellence, and has no superior in this country, while the prices quoted in all cases are exceedingly just and moderate. When cash accompanies orders, labels, letterheads, envelopes, prescription papers, billheads, statements and cards are delivered free of charge. On orders amounting to $25 and over, they make a discount of 10 per cent. Mr. Broemmelsiek, the president, is a native of St. Louis, and was formerly in the employment of Mr. E. F. Sailor, while Mr. Grauer, the secretary and treasurer, was born in Germany, but has resided in the United States for the past thirty-eight years. They are widely known for their integrity and just methods, and are very popular in trade circles. They issue a superior illustrated catalogue, which is forwarded to any druggist upon application.

BALTIMORE STORAGE AND LIGHTERAGE CO.

One of the great points of St. Louis is the large amount of export trade in all the products that are tributary to the city, owing to its central location, and to accommodate this great demand the Baltimore Storage and Lighterage Company have established an office and general agency at No. 307 1/2 Pine street, with Mr. William G. Sickel as south-western agent. Through Mr. Sickel's energetic assistance, the exporters of St. Louis and the territory tributary have been enabled to materially increase the already very large export trade of this city. The business of the company consists in shipping all kinds of freight, such as flour, timber, cotton, provisions, tobacco, whisky, etc., etc., to foreign ports, they contracting for the entire trip, and sending it through to Baltimore or New York by rail, and thence by steamers. From New York and Baltimore this company operate the Lord Line to Belfast and Dublin, the Atlantic Transport Line to London and Swansea, Wales, and the Hamburg American Company to Hamburg and in connection with these lines they are also able to take freight to Scotch, Irish, English, German and Baltic seaports, making a specialty of the latter business. It will be remembered that it was the Atlantic Transport Line that some few months ago announced to the traffic commissioner of the World's Fair that recognizing the importance of the World's Fair, to be shortly held in this country, openly announced that they would carry European exhibits from London to New York or Baltimore free of freight charges. They are represented in London by Messrs. Williams, Torrey & Field, No. 108 Fenchurch street, E. C, who are now in active negotiation with European exhibitors for the World's Fair. The company has filled a long-felt want in this city, and are invaluable to the great and growing industries of St. Louis, the South and Southwest.

CORNET BROS.

St. Louis, by reason of its central location, and its "key" position to the South and West, has established an immense wholesale trade in all branches of trade and industries. This is particularly true of the grocery business, and no firm in this line can take precedence over that of Cornet Brothers, at the southwest corner of Thirteenth and O'Fallon streets. This business was established ten years ago by the present proprietors, and has met with a very liberal patronage, which the energy and activity of the members of the firm has increased to such an extent that they are now among the leaders in the trade. They occupy the store room at the above location, 35x90 feet in size, and also the third floor of the adjoining building, and forty feet in the rear for a storage warehouse. They employ ten hands and three teams, and do a very large business in both wholesale and retail and carry an immense stock of foreign and domestic groceries, canned goods, etc., and make a specialty of teas, coffee and family flours of the finest grades. Their standard brand of tea, the "Royal Blend," is a special brand, and has met with the greatest public favor. The firm is composed of Mr. Edward Cornet and Mr. Henry A. Cornet, both young men, and both born in St. Louis, where they have always made their home and by their industry and thrift have built up their splendid business. They are affable and courteous to their trade, and it is a pleasure at all times to do business with them.

170

FILSINGER

The leading marble and granite works in St. Louis are conducted by Messrs. Filsinger & Fruth, and located at No. 1617 Washington avenue. They were established by the firm at No. 1114, subsequently removed to No. 1212 Washington avenue, and in 1888 to the very desirable premises now occupied. The building, which is two stories in height, and has dimensions of 25x100 feet, was built by the firm and presents a very handsome appearance. Messrs. Filsinger & Fruth have one of the finest marble and granite works in the West. Every facility and convenience is provided for executing work, and a force of experienced sculptors and workmen is employed. The firm design and execute marble and granite monuments, headstones, memorials, etc., and display many beautiful specimens of the work they turn out. They have erected many fine monuments in the cemeteries in St Louis, East St. Louis, Belleville, etc., are now completing a granite monument forty-two feet high for one of St. Louis well known citizens. The firm was the first to introduce Barre, Vermont granite in St. Louis. Mr. Henry J. Filsinger, the practical man of the house, is a native of St. Louis, and his splendid designs never fail to attract attention. Mr. Andrew Fruth attends to the office and outside business. He was born in Germany, came to St. Louis in 1868, and for some time was engaged in mercantile business. He is a director of the Mound City Building and Loan Association.

ATLANTIC WORKS.

One of the most prominent houses in the United States in the fundamental line of iron is that of Messrs. P. L. Kimberly & Company, and known in all parts as the Atlantic Works. Their great mills and furnaces are located at Sharon, Newcastle, and Greenville, Pa., where they manufacture bar, band, hoop, sheet, plate, tank and skelp iron, steel cut nails, iron and steel cutter ties, etc., following the best known methods in every detail and process. Their immense plant covers several acres, and an army of 2,000 hands are constantly required in this, one of the most important establishments in the country. Mining and shipping of coal and iron ore is also largely carried on, and the extended nature of the business requires the presence of large branches at New York, Chicago, San Francisco and St. Louis, the vast interests in the latter center being well-looked after by Mr. L. McGilvray of suite No. 25 Laclede building. This gentleman, who is a native of Pennsylvania, is an able man of affairs, whose commercial capacity is acknowledged by all. He has been identified with the trade for so many years that he is recognized as an authority upon all matters connected with it, and the firm are fortunate in securing his services for this responsible position. His business is very extensive and is rapidly increasing under wise and just management. He transacts all operations entirely through the office, meeting the wishes of customers in every possible way, and tendering his valuable advice whenever required. His office is handsomely fitted up and decorated, his facilities are perfect, and resources ample, and the prospects of this branch, considering the developing country of which it is the center, are undoubtedly of the most brilliant character.

ENNO SANDER.

Among the representative and leading manufacturers of mineral waters in the city of St. Louis is Dr. Enno Sander, whose office and factory are situated at 125 to 129 S. Eleventh street. This prosperous business was established about twenty-five years ago by Mr. E. Sander, who has since built up a liberal and prominent patronage, not only in the city and its vicinity, but also in the East, Southwest and West. The premises occupied comprise a spacious two-story brick building, 50x100 feet in area, fully equipped with the latest improved appliances and apparatus known to the trade, operated by steam power. Mr. Sander manufactures largely Selters, Ems, Carbonic acid waters, Bitter waters, Pullna, Frederichshall, etc., also Vichy, Vichy with lithia, Lithia waters, Carlsbad, iron waters and aromatic ginger ale. Orders for all kinds of mineral waters or concentrated standard solutions for city or country are promptly executed at the lowest possible prices, while the goods are unsurpassed for quality, purity and uniformity of composition. The superiority of Mr. Sander's mineral waters has been testified to by the most prominent members of the medical profession, and they have likewise received first premiums at the St. Louis mechanical fairs and the Silver Medal at the Cincinnati Centennial Exposition, The demand for these mineral waters is steadily increasing, owing to their superiority and intrinsic merits. Twenty men are employed in the establishment, and a large business is transacted with hotels, drug stores, restaurants, etc. Mr. Sander was born in Germany, but has resided in St. Louis many years. He is highly popular among his customers for his integrity, and enjoys the entire confidence of the community.

ST. LOUIS CORSET CO.

Articles of wearing apparel, as well as other necessaries that enter into the matter of living, must in these latter days be tested by the sanitary laws which govern personal hygiene. Recognizing this established fact, and being governed thereby, the St. Louis Corset Co. (sole manufacturers of Mme. McCabe's corsets and health waists), so manages and directs its business that it challenges, in a special manner, the attention of the public. It has succeeded in making its specialty known all over the United States and in Canada. This company has many hundreds of agents constantly in its employ, and is daily adding to its list. The company was incorporated in 1887, under the state laws of Missouri, with a capital stock of $15,000, which was subsequently increased to $30,000 paid up. The premises now occupied by them at Twenty-first and Morgan streets, though commodious and well equipped, have proven entirely inadequate for their rapidly increasing trade, and it was found necessary to secure the desirable and convenient southeast corner of Nineteenth and Morgan streets where they have erected a large factory, which is now almost completed. In this factory additional improved machinery will be put in, in order to keep up with the demand for their goods. All the appointments of a first-class corset factory will be put in, which will make this concern second to none of its kind, in the west. The cost of this factory, with appointments, will be in the neighborhood of $50,000. Mr. Wm. McCabe, president of the organization since its first inception, has a practical experience in this business for over twenty-five years, both in this country and in Europe. He is particular to have his goods first-class at any cost, both in fabric and style, and takes a pride in the fact that everything that goes forth from his house is found exactly, and always, as represented. Mr. Ernest Edwards, secretary and treasurer of the company, has had ten years' experience in the business and is a bright and pushing young business man. He is a native of Jefferson City, Mo., and formerly resided in St. Joseph. The business of this concern is growing daily, as the value of their products is becoming widely known and much sought after.

171

ST. LOUIS ILLUMINATING GAS LAMP CO.

When the Creator said, "Let there be light," it was given for day alone, but man has found the rising and setting of the sun too short a day, and hence artificial light and illumination is sought. Probably the most successful in this line is the St. Louis Illuminating Gas Lamp Company, whose offices are at No. 607 N. Sixth street. This company uses the Siemens-Lungren patent, and are exclusive owners of this valuable lamp and patent for St. Louis and the county of St. Louis. Their gas lamps are handsome in appearance, resembling the electric light, but are always ready for use and do not have its disagreeable noise, glare, or flicker, It is most appropriate for lighting offices, factories, show windows, stores, libraries, and all situations, where an increased illumination is desired at a nominal cost. In short, the improved gas lamp is a system of burning gas, whereby its illuminating power is increased from 300 to 400 per cent without expense. It is simple in construction, easily managed, and can be fitted to ordinary supply pipes without alteration. An idea may be formed of its qualities, when it is said that one lamp consuming twelve cubic feet of gas per hour gives 150 candle power. The St. Louis company either sell or rent the lamp at most reasonable terms, the twelve-foot lamp renting for $1.25, and the sixteen-foot lamp for $1.50 per month. When lamps are taken on a yearly contract, a deduction of twenty-five cents per month is made on both the twelve and sixteen-feet lamps. All lamps rented will be kept in order by the company. Over 2,000 are in use in the city, and in all cases have given satisfation, as may be learned from any purchaser.

FRANK W. FEUERBACHER & CO.

The important brewing interests of St. Louis give rise to kindred enterprises of considerable magnitude, none of which are more important than that of malting. There are a number of high-grade concerns in this line of business in St. Louis, and they have become of the greatest commercial importance, hence it is with especial pleasure we direct the attention of our readers to one of the leading concerns in this line, the well-known house of Frank W. Feuerbacher & Co., maltsters. This business was established in 1880 by Mr. Frank W. Feuerbacher, who is the sole proprietor. He owns the extensive plant at Nos. 2701, 2703, and 2705 S. Broadway, where he has every convenience for the prosecution of the business, and one of the best plants in the country. The premises comprise a fine three-story brick structure, which has a frontage of 112 feet, and a depth of 142. It is equipped with all the latest appliances and machinery, and has a capacity of 60,000 bushels. Mr. Feuerbacher ships malt to all sections contiguous to this point, and does an immense business, which is being augmented every year. He is a young man of high abilities and standing, and has become one of the most prominent in leading social circles. He was born and raised in St. Louis, and is respected by all who know him.

J. GRUENEWAELDER.

In the staple line of books and stationery the store of Mr. J. Gruenewaelder, at No. 716 Pine street, is worthy of prominent mention, being a methodical well conducted establishment, where may be seen a large, varied, and beautiful stock of imported and domestic, plain and fancy stationery, blankbooks, and photograph albums (specialties) letterpresses, inkstands, paperweights, and all kinds of fancy articles and novelties. An extensive department is also devoted to the trade in German books, in which he does the largest business in the city. The business was founded in 1883 upon a firm and enduring basis, and under the excellent management of its learned proprietor has developed to large proportions, having most desirable connections throughout all parts. No one understands more thoroughly every detail of the business, or is more intimately acquainted with the requirements of the best class of western trade, and in catering to this Mr. Gruenewaelder has established an enviable reputation for literary taste, which has been a conspicuous factor in his gratifying success. His fine store is filled with an attractive display of all the incidentals, which are comprised in the line, and has become the resort of the educated, who desire to avail themselves of the proprietor's experience and special knowledge in making their purchases. Mr. Gruenewaelder is a Prussian by birth, but has been a resident of this city during the past thirty-three years. He is an active and capable business man, and enjoys the high regard of all with whom he is thrown into contact.

J. E. KAIME & BRO.

Among those prominently identified with the real estate and renting business in this city is the firm of J. E. Kaime & Bro. of 610 Olive street, veil and favorably known as representative, reliable, successful business men, who established their business thirty years ago. No form of investment has become so popular as real estate, for not only is a permanent source of income assured, but there is a certainty of increase in value Much depends upon the choice of property, and there is no better safeguard than in securing the judgment and experience of a responsible real estate firm, and Kaime Bros, have no superiors. They buy and sell every description of real estate. Careful attention is also given to renting and collecting, taking care of and managing estates, making loans, etc, and they represent some of the heaviest capitalists and institutions in the city. They secure desirable tenants, attend to repairs, and all having business transactions with Kaime Bros., are assured of finding the same entirely satisfactory. Both gentlemen are natives of New Hampshire, and have been residents of St. Louis for the past thirty-five years. The office is spacious and commodious, being 22x105 feet in dimensions, and is situated on the ground floor of a three-story brick building, No. 610 Olive street, the most prominent center of trade in the city, directly opposite Barr's great dry goods store. Employment is given to three assistants, who give close attention to the business. The members of the firm are James E. Kaime and David F. Kaime. Both gentlemen are well versed in all operations pertaining to their business, and are men in whom the most implicit confidence may be placed.

LINDSAY BROS.

No merchant tailors of St. Louis have a more excellent reputation than Messrs. Lindsay Bros, whose store is located at 601 Washington avenue, Lindell Hotel. Messrs. D. J. and L. F. Lindsay commenced business in Chicago in 1871. Their store was destroyed in the great fire, but they immediately reopened and continued together till 1885, when they dissolved partnership, Mr. D. J Lindsay continuing in Chicago, while Mr. L. F. Lindsay started in St. Louis, under the title of Lindsay Bros. These two tailoring establishments are separate and distinct, and are not connected in any way. The store is well fitted up for the attractive display of goods. An extensive and choice stock is kept constantly on hand, comprising the latest styles and patterns in imported fabrics, woolens, worsteds, cloths, cassimeres, checks, serges, diagonals, plaids, meltons, vestings, suitings, etc. Twenty experienced workmen are employed, and all garments made here are guaranteed first-class in every respect. The trade is derived from many of our nfluential citizens and the most reasonable prices are quoted. Mr. Lindsay is a native of Illinois, first vice-president of the National Merchant Tailors' Association and secretary of the local Merchant Tailors' Association. He is also a talented musician and was elected musical director in the Woman's Christian Convention, held at Minneapolis, June, 1890. Mr. Lindsay was likewise elected musical director of the Woman's Christian Convention, July, 1891, and led the musical program. He expects to lead the convention again in the Madison Square Garden, New York, in July, 1892. Mr. Lindsay is also a Royal Arch Mason, Knight Templar, and has gone through the Blue Lodge.

172

FERMENTUM COMPRESSED YEAST.

Yeast is commonly understood to be a substance causing fermentation, and is as "old as the hills." In fact, it corresponds with what was known as leaven in the olden times. But it was not until 1836 that it was discovered by Caguiard de la Tour and Schwann, independently, to be a vegetable cell or fungoid growth. However, it is with its practical, rather than scientific application that this notice proposes to treat. It is used to-day almost entirely in a compressed form, and the best in the whole world, in this convenient shape, is what is known as the Fermentum Compressed Yeast the office and salesroom of which are located at 720 and 722 S. Fourth street, and of which Mr. Carl Hoffmann is the genial, and enterprising manager. The headquartrs are the 264 to 270 Kinzie street, Chicago, and the St. Loun branch has teen established for eighteen years, Mr. Hoffmani having been in charge for fifteen years. Mr. Hoffmann is a native of Germany, and came to St. Louis twenty-five years ago. The business of this firm extends to every section of the country and the St. Louis branch alone handles 800 to 1,000 pounds daily. It is mostly manufactured in Chicago, and it may be mentioned incidentally, that the Fermentum has been over and over again awarded medals against all competitors. In St. Louis fifteen hands are employed and no less than ten delivery teams, and the best evidence of its superiority is the increasing demand which it finds for itself.

CHAS. PRIESMEYER.

One of the most prosperous St. Louis dealers in coal is Mr. Charles Preismeyer, whose office is at No. 515 Pine street. Mr. Preismeyer is a native of Westphalia, in Germany, and has been a resident of St. Louis since 1872, and was formerly in business for himself before going into the consolidated companies which he now represents. Mr. Preismeyer is a self-made man, who, commencing at the bottom with one single team, has worked his way to the top, where he is the accredited agent for the Gillespie, Trenton, Brookside, and all kinds of Illinois coal, and for the Consolidated Coal Company. He now employs ten men and six teams, and has yards in St. Louis and at East St. Louis on the C, C, C. & St. L. railroad. He does a very large business in the city with steam users, business houses, residences, and has considerable of a shipping trade. Mr. Priesmeyer is a very successful business man, as is also his company, and both are deserving of the splendid trade they have built up.

A. VOGLER.

A thoroughly representative and reliable industrial establishment in St. Louis is that of Mr. A Vogler, manufacturer of "Climax" oil tanks, and bathtubs, and general sheet metal worker, at No 408 N. Main street. It was founded by this gentleman in 1886, and from the outset has been the center of a brisk and active trade, which now extends throughout the West and the South. Mr. Vogler is a workman of extended business experience, and brings to the business a perfect knowledge of its every feature and detail and an intimate acquaintance with the requirements of the trade. The premises utilized are of ample dimensions and comprise a three-story brick building with basement, having a frontage of 25 feet by a depth of 100. They are well adapted for their purpose, and possess every facility and modern appliance for the systematic prosecution of the business. From eight to ten skilled workmen are employed the year round, and a heavy and comprehensive stock is always carried on hand. Everything in the way of roofing, guttering and spouting is done. Estimates are furnished, and contracts entered into and executed in a careful and satisfactory manner. Tin, copper and sheet iron work are promptly attended to, while the prices charged are always fair and equitable. A leading specialty is made of the manufacture of "Climax" oil tanks, and bath tubs, and the trade in these alone is very large. These oil tanks have a capacity of from thirty to 1,500 gallons, and are in great demand, owing to the excellence of their construction and general superiority over all others. Bathtubs, skylights, cornices, ventilators, etc., are also made to order on shortest notice, as well as tinware of every description, and all work is executed under the personal supervision of the proprietor. Mr. Vogler was born in Germany, and has been a resident of St. Louis for the past thirty-two years. He is a gentleman of large business capacity and thorough reliability, and is held in high esteem by all with whom he has dealings.

DAVID G. EVANS & CO.

Among the staple industries of this city the trade in teas, coffees, and spices is represented by houses, whose operations form a considerable proportion of the commercial transactions of St. Louis. The increase of population and wealth has resulted in the acquisition of enlarged business by the houses engaged in the trade. One of the most notable and best known establishments of the kind is that of Mr. David G. Evans (trading as David G. Evans & Co.), located at No. 504 N. Second street. The trade of this house extends throughout Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, Montana, and the South, and its interests are represented on the road by a corps of twenty-five traveling salesmen. This flourishing concern was established by its present proprietor in 1865, and under his able and efficient management has continuously prospered to date. The premises occupied comprise an eligible four-story and basement brick building, 30x150 feet in dimensions, fitted with all the latest improved machinery for coffee roasting and grinding spices, while employment is given forty experienced hands. An immense stock of teas is carried, also coffees, spices, mustards, baking powders, etc., and orders of any magnitude are promptly filled. Mr. Evans has a high standing in the community, both from a social and commercial standpoint, his pronounced success being simply the reward of a business policy, which is characterized by liberality, progressiveness, and promptness in meeting all his various obligations.

ST. LOUIS STABLES.

The oldest, best known, most deservedly popular and liberally patronized boarding and livery stable in this city are the St. Louis Stables, Nos. 610 and 612 N. Eleventh street, of which Mr. A. W. Look and Mr. Sanford M. Cox are the proprietors. This business was established about 1840 by the late Mr. J. Deegan, and after his death was for a time conducted by his widow, and, after many changes in proprietorship, finally, in 1883, came under the ownership and control of its present proprietors. The premises utilized as stables are large, spacious and commodious, and comprise an entire two-story brick building, 45x135 feet in area. The office is handsomely fitted up with every modern convenience, including telephonic connections with all parts of the city and vicinity. The building is well ventilated, drained and lighted, and is equipped with all modern stable appointments. Excellent stable accommodation is afforded upward of sixty horses, and includes four large, roomy box stalls. The firm has here some of the finest and most stylish equipages to be found in the city, and a stock of superior horses, which can be hired for business or pleasure, on reasonable terms. They make a specialty of boarding horses, and have superior accommodations for doing so, and the best of care is taken of horses and carriages committed to their charge. Every facility that ingenuity can devise, or that an anxious regard for the requirements of customers can suggest, is here to be found. Carriages for funerals, parties, ladies calling and theaters, are furnished at reasonable rates. Orders are received by telephone (No. 1058), and are executed as faithfully as if personally delivered. Mr. A. W. Look was raised in Collinsville, Ill., while Mr. Cox was born in Boone county, Ill., and raised in Collinsville, Ill. Both gentlemen have become widely known and respected in the city, and have made this one the most popular estabment of its kind in the city.

173

PETER HAUPTMANN

There are not many lines of trade in St. Louis which can vie with the cigar and tobacco business. It employs a vast amount of capital, and an enormous number of hands, and the quantity of goods sold is so great that it forms one of the main sources of government revenue. Among the leading houses engaged in this line, one of the oldest and most reliable is that of Messrs. Peter Hauptmann & Co. of Nos. 511 and 513 N. Third street, which supplies a notable example of the extraordinary development that may be reached in the wholesale trade, especially when conducted upon sound business principles. Mr. Hauptmann was the founder, as long ago as 1868, and he quickly succeeded in acquiring a large permanent patronage, that now extends over the whole state. In 1881, he admitted Mr. Henry Harms to the partnership, forming the present company, and they have created for themselves a high reputation for goods of unsurpassed quality at a fair and reasonable price. They carry in their four-story brick building all the leading brands of tobacco, cigarettes, cheroots and domestic cigars, from the best manufactories in the country, which are noted throughout this great section, as the very best that can be obtained, and their popularity is conclusive evidence of the skill and judgment with which they have been selected. Pipes, and smokers' articles are to be found here in almost inexhaustible profusion, and in all shapes and varieties of design and manufacture. Mr. Hauptmann came to this city from Germany, his native country, many years ago, and is one of the most respected business men of St. Louis. He was the general manager of the Cherokee Packet Company, operating two fine steamers between St. Louis and Memphis, but retired a year ago, and takes a lively interest in all matters relating to the city and its interests. Mr. Harms was born in Missouri, and has always exhibited the true spirit of American enterprise in all his undertakings.

V. SCALZO, SON & CO.

In the wide range of the wholesale fruit trade of St. Louis, a representative and one of the most successful firms in the city, is that of Messrs. V. Scalzo, Son & Co., importers of foreign, California and tropical fruits, whose office and salesrooms are located at N. Third St. This extensive business was established in 1872, by Mr. V. Scalzo, who in 1883 was joined by Messrs. P. V. Rocco, F. Scalzo and S. Rocco Fiorita. Mr. Vincenzo Scalzo, the senior partner, departed this life on January 8, 1891, and just prior to his lamented decease sold and transferred his interest in the business to his wife, Mrs. Sarah Scalzo, the firm name remaining as before. The partners bring great practical experience to bear, coupled with influential connections and perfect facilities. They own and occupy a spacious and substantial four-story brick and basement building, fully equipped with all modern appliances, elevator, electric lights, etc. The premises were specially built by the firm in 1883, for the fruit trade, and contain six banana ripening rooms. They also occupy four large basements, and employ in their business twenty-five men. A heavy and choice stock of oranges, lemons, bananas, raisins, dates, nuts, figs, etc., is always on hand, all quoted at the lowest ruling market prices. They make a specialty of Florida and California oranges, and are sole agents for the celebrated Bluefields Bananas. Last year they sold 250 carload lots of bananas, and 300 carloads of Florida and California oranges. Their importations of foreign oranges and lemons, annually exceed 30,000 boxes, and they conduct the largest business in bananas in the South and West. Orders are carefully filled, and every effort is made to fully satisfy customers. They handle only really first-class fruits and import direct, while they are always enabled to offer substantial inducements in prices to jobbers and dealers. The firm's branch house in Kansas City is conducted under the title of "V. Scalzo & Co."

M. OSTERTAG.

The demand in a large city for artistic taste and culture is in no business more apparent than in that of the florist. The store of M. Ostertag, at No. 311 N. Grand avenue, is worthy of more than a passing notice in this review. It is here that at all times the purchaser may rely upon finding a choice and elaborate stock to select from, including all the flowers in season and plants of all descriptions, also palms and orchids. This establishment has been opened to the public now going on two years, and bids fair to outrival its competitors, both in the freshness of the goods kept, and the taste with which they are selected. Mr. Ostertag makes a specialty of supplying the choicest bouquets and cut flowers for weddings and balls, and also all description of ornamental work in unique designs for funerals. There is also left constantly on hand a large assortment of cut flowers, bulbs, shrubs, exotics and budding plants. The prices are always governed by moderation, and patrons may rely at all times upon getting the full value in their purchases. In view of the foregoing facts, we take pleasure in recommending our readers in this neighborhood to give a call to the establishment of Mr. Ostertag, feeling satisfied they will be repaid for their trouble.

MISSOURI MALLEABLE IRON CO.

In the manufacture of refined, malleable and light gray castings, one of the most successful and reliable concerns in the United States, is that known as the Missouri Malleable Iron Company, whose works are located on Papin, Twenty-first and Twenty-second streets. This progressive company is now building new works in East St. Louis, having an area of fifteen acres, where they intend to remove in April, 1892, where they will be in operation from that time. This company was incorporated in 1883, under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $50,000, which was soon increased to $80,000. In May last, the business was reorganized, and the paid up capital increased to $250,000, for the purpose of building and establishing their new plant. Their new works will be fully equipped with the latest improved machinery and appliances, operated by ample steam power. Here 800 skilled hands will be employed, and the company will turn out three times the work it did previously. Faithful attention is given to the production of all kinds of malleable and light gray iron castings, and the greatest care is also taken in the selection of proper qualities of metal and in the delicate processes, of casting, especially as the greatest accuracy and soundness are required in the finished articles. The company's castings are unrivaled for finish, reliability and uniform excellence, while the prices quoted for all work are exceedingly just and moderate. Orders are promptly filled, and the trade of the company now extends throughout all sections of Missouri and the adjacent states. The following gentlemen, highly esteemed in trade circles for their skill, enterprise and strict integrity are the executive officers, viz: J. C. Nulsen. president; Charles F. Orthwein, vice-president; A. J. Nulsen, treasurer; F. E. Nulsen, secretary, and F. S. Taggart, superintendent. They cheerfully furnish estimates for any description of iron castings, and attend promptly to designing and pattern making.

174

N. M. SIMONDS.

In the production of the most efficient wrought iron and steel ranges, and all kinds of hotel implements for culinary purposes, an old established and reliable house in St. Louis, is that of Mr. N. M. Simonds, whose salesrooms and workshops are situated at Nos. 1206 and 1208 Olive street. Mr. Simonds first commenced business in Chicago forty years ago, where he has his headquarters, and eventually in 1865 opened this branch in St. Louis. The St. Louis branch is under the able and careful management of Mr. R. O. Beeson, who is widely known in trade circles for his promptness and integrity. Here a commodious ground floor and basement, each being 40x60 feet in area, are occupied, and the stock which is heavy and choice, includes Simonds' wrought iron and steel ranges, all kinds of hotel culinary implements, heaters, copper pans, cooking utensils, dish washers, coffee and tea urns, suitable for hotels, restaurants, etc., and tinware. Simonds' ranges are admirably adapted to the wants of any section of the country and kind of fuel, while the prices quoted for them are exceedingly moderate. These ranges are unrivaled for durability, economy and efficiency, and are the embodiments of mechanical workmanship of a high order. Mr. Simonds' other goods have no superiors in the market, and are general favorites wherever introduced. Here many persons are employed, and the trade extends throughout all sections of the South, Southwest and West. Orders are carefully attended to and entire satisfaction is guaranteed patrons, while this house unquestionably commands the best trade in their line in St. Louis.

ROBERT STOECKER.

Few men have the ability to exercise better taste in the selection of their stock than Mr. Robert Stoecker, dealer in dry goods and notions, at 2831 Chouteau avenue, and his store, which is admirably suited to the demands of his business, always presents a most attractive and prosperous appearance. The business was established fourteen years ago, Mr. Stoecker having succeeded Mr. Chr. Giessler. He purchases his stock only from the most reliable sources and the best wholesale houses, and thus he avoids having anything on his shelves or counters that is not absolutely first-class, and will not turn out exactly as represented by him. He keeps in line with all the latest fashions and styles, and besides dry goods, he carries an unusually desirable selection of gents' furnishing goods, hats, caps and hosiery. Mr. Stoecker is a native of Germany and has been in St. Louis for thirty years. He possesses a genialty and happiness of disposition, which has drawn to him many warm friends, and he is looked upon as a man who is in every way reliable and whose business methods are based on the most conscientious motives.

LEIDNER-DROSTE.

This livery and undertaking company is one of the oldest, best patronized and most firmly established in St. Louis. Mr. Henry Leidner, Sr., founded the business in 1871, admitting his son (the present head) four years later, and Mr. H. Droste in 1885, under the style of Messrs. H. Leidner, Son & Co. Incorporation, under the laws of Missouri, followed in 1891, the first day of January seeing the house enter upon its new era of usefulness. On the lamented decease of the respected founder, on the nth of April, 1891, his son H. Leidner, Jr., took his place as president, Mr. H. Droste holding the treasurership, and the title of the corporation remaining unchanged. The capital is $50,000, and three fine establishments are conducted in various parts of the city, namely, at Nos. 1415 and 1417 N. Market street, where fifty horses can be accommodated; at Nos. 1418 and 1420 Benton street, devoted to vehicles and boarders, and at the corner of Jefferson avenue and N. Market street, which will hold thirty horses. These stables are unexceled by any in St. Louis for loftiness, good drainage and cleanliness, while every care is taken of animals committed to their charge, the staff of assistants, numbering twenty-five, being selected with this end in view. The undertaking department contains two magnificent hearses and twelve carriages, and is patronized by the most fashionable families in the city. The livery branch is noted for its splendid equipages and horses. Orders received by telephone (Nos. 3306 and 3363), receive the same prompt attention as those that come in any other way, and every advantage is offered to customers, both as regards handsome outfits, and reasonable prices. Mr. Leidner is a native of this city, and Mr. Droste of Germany.

GEO. H. MARQUARD & BROS.

Any description of the industries and business of St. Louis would be incomplete without an extended mention of George H. Marquard & Brothers, dealers in groceries, flour, feed, etc., at Nos. 1801 and 1803 N. Ninth street. This business was originally established in 1848 by Mr J. H. Marquard, the father of the present propetors, who successfully conductedthe business until January, 1882, when he was called to that "better world," and his sons, Mr. George H. Marquard, John F. Marquard and John H. Marquard, succeeded him in the prosperous business. The grocery store occupies the main floor at the above location, 35x70 feet in dimensions, the building and premises being their own, and their feed warehouse is across the street, from the store. They carry a full and complete line of foreign and domestic groceries, fancy and staple, canned goods and table delicacies, teas, coffees, etc., and they make a specialty of the choicest brands of family flour. They are all practical and experienced business men, being brought up to this business, and, in fact, were born in the very building their stores are now located in. They have a large trade in all parts of the city, and, besides their full corps of clerks, employ two teams in the delivery of their goods. They are active, energetic gentlemen, and have made hosts of friends.

C. H. DOCTER.

It is with the greatest pleasure that we make a special note of the grocery business of Mr. C. H. Docter, both on account of the popularity it has attained and the length of time it has been established. It was founded in 1857 by Mr. E. H. Docter, the father of the present proprietor, who succeeded to the business in 1880 upon the death of his father. The business has always been conducted on the most rigid business principles, and the house has become known as one in which every reliance may be safely placed. The business is conducted at Nos. 2201 and 2203 N. Ninth street, where two adjoining stores are occupied, each being 35x50 feet in dimensions. Here a large and carefully selected stock of staple and fancy groceries, canned goods, fruits, poultry, games, vegetables, wines, liquors, cigars, teas, coffees, spices and sundries is carried, and no finer or better goods are to be found in this city. Prices are always as low as can be met in competition, and the two clerks, who are employed, are courteous and attentive at all times. All goods are delivered by team to any part of the city free of charge. Mr. Docter is a young man of ability, and the highest financial and social standing.

175

CHAS. MEYER.

It would be impossible to write a review of the various business interests and prosperous business houses of St. Louis, without making an extended notice of so old and well-established house as that of Mr. Charles Meyer, dealer in all kinds of hardware, cutlery and tools at Nos. 3711 and 3713 N. Broadway. Mr. Meyer established his present business in St. Louis thirty-five years ago, and has been located at the same place for the past thirty years, being one of the pioneer merchants of the locality, and one of the most prosperous merchants of the city. His extensive store occupies the main floor and basement, 30x100 feet in dimensions, at the above location, and has a warehouse in the rear, 20x30 feet in size. Mr. Meyer carries a full and complete line of shelf and heavy hardware, mechanics' and builders' tools, cutlery in all its branches, and a well selected stock of everything pertaining to this line of business in its widest sense. Mr. Meyer always employs two experienced and competent salesmen, and personally oversees his immense trade, which his years of straightforward dealings and honorable and upright ways has built up for him. Mr. Meyer is a native, of Germany, and has been fifty years in the United States, coming here when quite young, and for the past forty-five years has been a resident of St. Louis. He is a thorough and well-experienced hardware man, and stands in the highest esteem with the business world, where he has earned so good a name. He is thoroughly identified with the interests of St. Louis and is popular alike in business and social circles.

GEO. FEHL & CO.

It is a well-known fact that, notwithstanting the enormous production of cigars in all the great centers of the United States, it is a really difficult matter to obtain a good high-class article. In St. Louis, however, there are several reliable houses who make a genuine cigar, which may be depended upon as for a consistent uniform smoke. Among these the firm of Messrs. Geo. Fehl & Co. of No. 1245 S. Broadway, on the corner of Rutger street, are conspicuous. The members are: Messrs. George and William Fehl, brothers, who began business in 1872, and, by a conscientious attention to customers' wants, have become a thoroughly representative concern, with a trade that covers the whole of the West, and with a reputation that is second to none in the city. Their brands are "Blue Ribbon," "G. F.," "Shandygaff," "Diploma," "Mount Vernon," "Standard," and "Bright Star," which have no superiors in the market, and which satisfy even the most fastidious connoisseur. They occupy a fine two-story brick building, 25x80 feet in dimensions, using the ground floor as salesroom and office and storeroom, the second floor is used as a shop. Here they employ fifty-eight hands, and turn out no less than 1,750,000 cigars every year. The elder brother is a native of Germany, and the younger of St. Louis, both being members of the A. O. U. W., and well known in business circies as men of great ability and integrity. Mr. William Fehl also belongs to the I. O.O. F. The brands of this house are faithfully maintained at the highest standard of excellence, and in fine flavor, finish and quality, challenge comparison with any similar products in this country.

J. WEINSBERG.

From the very earliest ages, the art of preparing the compounds that arrest and remove pain and heal the sick, has been regarded as among the highest of human functions, and thus it is that so much interest and importance attach to the calling of the druggist in the present day. Among the leading and most reliable members of the pharmaceutical profession in this section of the city may be named Mr. J. Weinsberg, who is registered by the Missouri State Board of Pharmacy, and is a graduate of the Marion Sims Medical College of St. Louis, of the class of 1890, who primarily engaged in business four years ago with his brother-in-law, who retired in 1890. Two years ago a removal was made to his present commodious quarters, northwest corner Tenth and Lafayette avenue, which are handsomely and appropriately furnished with all the latest modern improvements, while fine plate-glass show windows, elegant fixtures, etc., combine to render it one of the attractive features of the neighborhood. The stock embraces fresh, pure drugs and chemicals, patent and proprietary remedies, toilet articles, perfumery, druggists' sundries, etc., supplemented by a choice line of imported and domestic cigars. Mr. Weinsberg is a practicing physician, and maintains a large practice, and a prominent specialty is made of the prescription department, physicians' formulae and family recipes being here compounded at any hour with accuracy and precision, two trusty and competent assistants being employed. Born in Germany, he has resided for the past eleven years in St. Louis, where he enjoys the respect and esteem, both of the lay and professional public, and in view of the foregoing facts, it is with pleasure that we select Mr. Weinsberg to represent this section of the city in drugs.

GEO. A. ZELLER.

One of the most popular booksellers, stationers and newsdealers in St Louis we find is Mr. Geo. A. Zeller, who is located at No. 18 S. Fourth street, where he occupies a neatly fitted up store, admirably arranged and conveniently fitted up for all purposes of the business. He has been established in this immediate neighborhood since 1870, and has been in the same block for a period of nearly a quarter of a century. Mr. Zeller carries a very large stock of books of all kinds in plain and fancy bindings, in both the English and German langauges upon all subjects, also school books, maps, globes, blank books of every description, stationery, office supplies, juvenile toy books games, photo-frames, albums and a general line of fancy goods. He makes a specialty of Zwicker's Practical Instructor, treating on boilers, pumps, etc., magazines, libraries, periodicals and all the weekly newspapers. Mr. Zeller can furnish any book published in Europe and this country, and fill orders promptly at publishers' prices. He is from Germany originally, came to the United States in 1867, settling at Philadelphia, and subsequently made his home in this city. He is a business man of unquestioned reputation, and well deserves the success he has won by his ably directed efforts.

THE CALCOGRAPHIC WINDOW SHADE CO.

Although but recently established in St. Louis, the Calcographic Window Shade Company has come into prominence by the superior merit of their goods and the rapid increase in their business. This concern has had an extensive business in the East for years, having been established in New York twenty years ago. The rapid increase in their western trade and improving demand for goods, induced them to open their St. Louis headquarters. The business is conducted at No. 417 N. Twelfth street, in the eligibly located brick building, which is 25x100 feet in dimensions. They have a large stock of their superior window shadings, known as the "Our Own" brand. These are made in handsome designs, by the calcographic process, the patent being owned by the company. All kinds, colors, sizes, and styles of shadings may be had, and in addition a full stock of lace curtains, portieres, hangings, etc., is carried. The house employs a number of experienced traveling salesmen, who visit the trade throughout the South, Southwest, West, and Northwest, where an immense business has developed. The manager of this concern is Mr. A. M. Burchell, a native of New York, who has resided in this city for the past ten years. The officers of the company, residing east, are leading business men in their section, and the house is worthy of its extensive patronage and rapidly increasing business. The following are the officers: President, F. Schwanhausser; vice president, F. J. Kloes; secretary and treasurer, J. H. Blasdell. The extensive factories of the concern are located at Jersey City, N. J., from which point the shipped.

176

JULIUS LEFMANN.

The application of electricity to motors of all kinds has given rise to a number of new industries, and the manufacture of electrical supplies has become so great, and assumed so many specific forms, that these are being madesp ecialties of in their respective uses. Mr. Julius Lefmann is the general agent for general electric railway supplies, having established the business here in December, 1890. He occupies commodious offices on the third floor of the Fagin building, where he carries samples of the specialties handled, his office number being 309. Mr. Lefmann represents the Walworth Pole Electric Company, also the following well-known concerns, whose manufactures amount to millions of dollars' worth annually: The Griffin Wheel & Foundry Company of Chicago, Ill.; the Star Head Light Company of Rochester, N. Y., and Cashman Bros. & Co. of Boston, Mass., the manufacturers of spring rollers. In addition to these companies Mr. Lefmann is active in building and loan associations and several mining enterprises, being president of the Western Building and Loan Association. The trade handled by Mr. Lefmann in his specialties is mostly in the West and South, the trade being visited by Mr. Lefmann personally. He has a large business, and finds it steadily increasing. Mr. Lefmann is well-known as a business man, and is one of the society leaders of this city, of which he is a native. He is characterized as a young man of the highest character and exceptional energy.

CRAWLEY'S PHARMACY.

This old established pharmacy has always from its foundation maintained a hold on public favor. It is in all respects a first-class place, one of the foremost establishments of the kind in this section, and receives a very extensive patronage. It was inaugurated twenty years ago by Mr. F. X. Crawley, and its record during all the intervening period has been one of uniform success and prosperity. In 1891 it passed into the hands of the present proprietor, Mr. George Reber, who is a native of Reading, Pa., and who is registered by the Illinois State Board of Pharmacy. The spacious store at Twenty-second and Carr streets is handsomely appointed and neatly and tastefully fitted up and furnished, elegant showcases, plate-glass front, and attractive arrangement of stock imparting to the place a very inviting appearance. The laboratory is complete in all its appointments, and two trusty, experienced assistants are employed. The stock embraces a full assortment of absolutely pure and fresh drugs and chemicals, extracts, tinctures and pharmaceutical compounds of his own superior production, all proprietary remedies of well-known merit and reputation, the latest novelties in druggists' fancy goods, toilet articles, perfumery, fine stationery, etc., popular brands of foreign and domestic cigars, fine wines and liquors for medicinal purposes, surgeons' and physicians' appliances, druggists' sundries, and everything usually found in a well-regulated pharmacy. Mr. Reber brings to bear an experience of sixteen years. He has been in St. Louis twelve years, where he is popularly known in the community, and enjoys a large and steadily increasing business.

DAVID LOEWEN & SON.

Special attention is directed to the enterprising commission house of Messrs. David Loewen & Son, in the broom-corn trade. They are successors to the old concern of Messrs. S. Bienenstok & Co., who established the business in 1874, and developed a flourishing trade with widespread influential connections. In July, 1891, the present firm succeeded, composed of Mr. David Loewen and his son, Mr. Albert Loewen. Both gentlemen bring to bear special qualifications, having wide experience and influential connections, coupled with ample resources at command. The firm enjoy the best facilities of any in the United States. They occupy the finest building for the business in St. Louis. It is a modern five-story stone structure, 35x180 feet in dimensions, handsomely fitted up, and having all the modern improvements, including elevators run by hydraulic power. Here the firm carry an immense stock of superior grades of broom corn, receiving consignments direct from producers in the states of Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri and Illinois. Liberal cash advances are made on all consignments, and prompt account sales are rendered. No house offers such substantial inducements to growers, and the firm is doing a trade of corresponding magnitude. Besides broom corn the firm deals generally in broom manufacturers' supplies, including handles, twine, etc., and number among their customers leading manufacturers all over the United States. Mr. B. D. Kilcullen, their salesman, has been in the business for thirty-eight years, and has been the superintendent here for the past seven years. He is a recognized authority on broom corn, etc., and favorably known to the trade. Mr. David Loewen is a native of Germany, resident in this city for twenty-seven years past, and has ever retained the confidence of leading commercial circles. His son, Mr. Albert Loewen, was born in St. Louis, and is a popular and energetic young business man. The firm's sales will average $1,000,000 this year, and its progressive, responsible methods insure to it permanent prosperity, and a growing share of the broom-corn trade of the United States.

FINCK & KERSTEN.

The firm of Finck & Kersten, whose two prosperous stores are situated respectively at No. 2610 N. Fourteenth and No. 3903 N. Twenty-fifth streets, are identified with the retail trade of St. Louis in fine footwear, in a manner which is at once befitting to themselves as well as highly advantageous to the large class of patrons whom they strive to serve. The business was established by Mr. H. C. Finck in 1887, and in August, 1891, Mr. W. E. Kersten was admitted into partnership under the present style. Both gentlemen are thoroughly practical in their business, and held in high regard in the trade, and both are comparatively young men. Mr. Finck is a native of Missouri, and has been in St. Louis for four years, while Mr. Kersten was born in Illinois, but has been here since boyhood. Their stocks embrace fine and medium grades of ladies' and gentlemen's, misses' youths' and children's boots, shoes, slippers and rubbers, and everything in this line that is new, fashionable and desirable, from heavy cowhide walking boots to finest kid goods for evening wear. The stock is derived from the factories of prominence in the East, and a specialty is made of custom and repairing work at short notice. The buying is all done at the Fourteenth street store, but the members of the firm may be found at both places.

THE MORAN SHORTHAND COMPANY.

The Central College of Correspondence has become a feature of the educational interests of this city, on account of its widespread influence and high character. It is conducted by the Moran Shorthand Company, who publish shorthand and typewriting instruction books. The college and publishing business is conducted by Mr. Eldon Moran, president; J. W. O'Byrne, business manager, and J. G. Gatlin, secretary. They have been established in this city for three years, having previously conducted the same business in other places, and have at present a branch office at New York. The school has fifty pupils in the local college, and over four thousand are instructed by correspondence all over the United States. The courses consist of shorthand, typewriting, bookkeeping, and letterwriting. The charges are very moderate, and the utmost care is taken to perfect each pupil. The instruction books published by the company have received the indorsements of the leading educators and professional authorities in the country. The offices and college are located at Seventeenth and Olive streets, in premises well suited to the wants of the institution.

177

D. P. KANE.

St, Louis has one of the largest and best established houses in line in the land in that of D. P. Kane, manufacturer of the best and cheapest artificial lmbs, ever put on the market. Mr. Lane sends full descriptive and illustrated catalogues, free upon application to those who may want them. The original house was established thirty years ago, a branch of the New York house of Louis Lockwood. Mr. Kane was connected with Mr. Lockwood in the East, and established the business in St. Louis, which for the past thirty years he has conducted as the sole proprietor. Mr. Kane occupies the second floor of the large building at No. 205 N. Fourth street, 25x70 feet in size, with his offices and parlors in the front, and workshops in the rear. Every part of the limbs are made by machinery and are better and more uniform than can be made by hand. His artificial limbs have received the most hearty indorsement from the United States government, the different Southern states governments, railway officials, army officers, and railroad men, and better than all, from those who have used them for years, and have found them to nearly supply the place of the natural limb, Mr. Kane was born in New York and has resided in St. Louis for thirty years.

CHAS. SCHLEIFFARTH.

The oldest establishment in St. Louis, making trusses and instruments for deformities, is that known under the name of Chas. Schleiffarth, which was established in 1859. The business has been conducted by the sons of Mr. Schleiffarth since his death in 1890, the partners being Messrs. E. L., C. W., and A. Schleiffarth. The name of the house has never been changed. The business was formerly conducted on Market street, between Third and Fourth streets, but is now located at 608 N. Fourth street, where the two lower floors and basement are occupied, running through from Third to Fourth streets, the dimensions being 25x130 feet. Here they manufacture all kinds of instruments for deformities, silk elastic hose for varicose veins, abdominal supporters, shoulder braces, crutches, invalid chairs and surgical rubber goods. They have competent female attendants in a private salesroom for ladies, and they are patronized by the leading physicians of the city. The business receives the personal attention of the brothers, who all learned every detail during the long time it was conducted by their father. They employ fifteen hands and the trade may be said to extend all over the United States. Mr. E. L. Schleiffarth is a prominent member of the Royal Arcanum, the Royal League and Legion of Honor and the other gentlemen are also prominent socially and financially

D. A. DIXON & CO.

The name of Mr. D. A. Dixon has for many years been associated inseparably with the leather business throughout the whole of the Southwest. His long and honorable commercial career in this staple line, justly entitles him to this prominence, for we doubt if there is another man in St. Louis who can point to a half a century's active connection with the trade. The same energy, enterprise and integrity, which have overcome every difficulty in his path, is characteristic of the operations of the house to-day, and has secured for it an enviable reputation for prompt and liberal dealings and for its success in effecting sales on the most favorable terms. Three years ago Mr. Dixon reorganized his business and became the southwestern representative of many large manufacturers of leather, etc., whose goods are recognized as the best obtainable in the United States. These include the J. C. Lappe & Sons' Tannery of Alleghany City, Pa., Messrs. James Gallery & Co. of Pittsburgh, Pa., the Phoenix Tannery Co. of Louisville, Ky., Messrs. T. P. Howell & Co. of Newark, N. J., Mr. Edmond Woefel of Morris, Ill., and the Louiville Girth and; Blanket Co. of Louisville, Ky. He carries a full line of the famous productions of these well-known establishments, and, is in constant receipt of large orders from every part of that great region tributary to St. Louis. In 1890 the firm name was altered to Messrs. Dixon & Mendel, and in the same year was changed to that as at present known. Mr. Dixon is a native of New Jersey.

A. L. JORDAN

The revolution wrought by the advent of the bicycle is not yet fully complete, but promises to be. At present it has developed into a business of vast proportions, and the "silent steed" has become a valued institution. The energetic qualities of such men as A. L. Jordan & Co., of No. 1324 Washington avenue, have had much to do with this development, to the great advantage of the young men of the present, who find in the "pike" the fullest opportunities of athletic development, coupled with the faculty of "getting there." In a word, a bicycle is a traveling gymnasium, and it is small wonder that they have grown so popular. The business was established by Mr. Jordan, under the present style, but with no partner, four years ago, and, thanks to his untiring energy, courtesy and skill, has grown to fine proportions. Mr. Jordan was formerly connected with the bicycle department of the Simmons Hardware Co. of St. Louis. The firm are agents of the Pope Manufacturing Co. of Hartford, Conn., makers of the famous Swift, the light roadster Safety, the Worth and the Rover, beside carrying a full line of all leading makes, and having a specialty of ladies' and boys' and girls' Safeties. Tandem wheels are also kept in stock, and cheap Safeties of all grades, for youths of both sexes, from the Indiana Bicycle Manufacturing Co. Beside these, all kinds of wheelmen's supplies are kept in stock. The showrooms are in the front and the workrooms in the rear of the ground flour, the area of which is about 20x60 feet.

178

BROCH & THIEBES CUTLERY CO.

An important representative local enterprise in its special branch is that of the Broch & Thiebes Cutlery Co. whose establishment is at No. 417 N. Seventh street. The foundation of the flourishing business now carried on by this concern, dates from 1866, when operations were commenced by Mr. Chas. Broch who built up a splendid trade and in 1887 was joined by Mr. Henry Thiebes, since when under the present name and style the facilities have been increased and the business extended. The Broch & Thiebes Cutlery Company manufacture and import a general line of fine cutlery and for the purposes of the business, occupy the ground floor of a building, 25x75 feet in dimensions. The equipment is first-class in every respect and includes everything necessary for turning out fine work, Steam power is employed and competent hands kept constantly engaged. In the salesroom a full and complete stock of pocket and table cutlery is carried, also scissors, shears and everything in the way of cutlery of both the company's manufacture and the best European production. A specialty is made of repairing, and sharpening cutlery, butchers and mechanics tools, and a large business is carried on. Mr. Broch, the founder of the business, was born in Germany. He came to St. Louis twenty-five years ago and has since been actively engaged in business. Mr. Thiebes is a native of Franklin county, this state. He is well known in St. Louis and popular as a business man. These gentlemen are practical to the business in which they are engaged, and each succeeding year their trade steadily grows in importance and magnitude.

C. E. HILT.

Few houses in St. Louis are better or more deservedly well-known than that of Hilt's One-Price Shoe House at Nos. 604 and 606 Franklin avenue, and No. 829 N. Sixth street One reason for this is that the "one price," one which the firm justly prides itself, is the low price, and claiming to "lead the world on low prices." Mr. Hilt justifies his claim by the increased patronage he enjoys, and the large business, which in this way has grown up from the modest dimensions of fourteen years ago. When he opened a store west of the present site on Franklin avenue. He afterward removed to Nos. 604 and 606, Franklin avenue, and later opened at No. 829 N. Sixth street and joined both stores in one. The Franklin avenue store is thirty-six feet front, and that on N. Sixth street, 23 feet front by 75 feet deep. Mr. Hilt's trade is local, and is sufficient to keep eighteen salesmen busy. The store is elegantly fitted both for the purposes of accommodating the public and facilitating business. The railway cash system, having eight stations, is in use, and the goods handled are of fine and medium grades. Mr. Hilt is a native of Livingston county, N. Y., and came to St. Louis in the spring of 1865. He is a Mason and a Knight Templar, and enjoys in an eminent degree the confidence of his fellow-merchants, and of the people of his adopted city.

FRANCIS & BROTHER.

Any history of the business or industries of St. Louis, would be incomplete without an extended notice of the well-known house of Francis & Brother, dealers in drugs and medicines, chemicals, varnishes, oils, glass, dye-stuffs, fancy articles, perfumery, etc., at No. 931 N. Fourth street. This pioneer house was established in 1854 by the present proprietors and at the same location, being the oldest drug house in St. Louis without change of location. The firm is composed of Mr. James W. Francis and Mr. John Francis. Both came to this city when mere boys, with other members of the family, and joined their elder brother, David Francis. Both are prominent members of the Odd Fellows, and are thorough and experienced pharmacists. About 1840, David Francis (Edwards & Francis), opened a drug store on the southwest corner of Third and Green, and in a few years established branches at Fourth and Market, Seventh and Franklin avenue, Fourth and Carondelet avenue and Broadway and N. Market streets. In these stores the members of the fir of Francis & Brother were trained. Both are registered pharmacists and members of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy (or Missouri). They were among the first to join the St. Louis Pharmaceutical Association, the originator of the college. Their store occupies the two floors at the above number, the first being used as the retail store, with a laboratory in the rear, and the second as their stockroom. They carry a very large line of the purest and freshest of drugs and medicines, and manufacture all of their own standard preparations, essences, extracts, etc., and make a specialty of the careful compounding of physicians' prescriptions.

N. GUHMAN, JR.

A popular and reliable pharmacy in this city is that of the above named gentleman, located corner of Twelfth street and St. Louis avenue. It is in all respects a first-class place, one of the foremost establishments of the kind in this section, and receives a very extensive patronage. The business was inaugurated in 1876 by Mr. Guhman, who is a native of Germany, but raised in this city, and is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. His store is amply spacious, very handsomely fitted up with all the latest improvements, including a special department for the prompt and accurate compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, in which none but properly qualified assistants are employed. The stock embraces a full and complete line of fresh, pure drugs and pharmaceutical preparations. The prescription department is under his immediate supervision, every precaution is taken to secure accuracy and promptness, and Mr. Guhman is an experienced pharmacist, well qualified for the duties of his profession, and may be implicitly relied upon. He is a very popular and intelligent gentleman of superior business abitity and high professional attainments, highly respected by the public and the profession, who have long since formed the correct conclusion, that unvarying exactness and the best of materials are to be met with at his hands The house is well known all over this section, and is conducted upon sound business principles and the highest standard of professional ability. Patrons will in the future, as in the past, find every element of satisfaction, both in the variety and freshness of the stock, which in a great measure accounts for the substantial prosperity and success with which this enterprise has been rewarded.

FRITON BROS.

The list of manufacturing jewelers in St. Louis contains many names whose operations are as creditable as they are extensive; but none have a higher business reputation, or command a trade penetrating a wider area, than Messrs. Friton Bros., whose establishment is located at No. 326 Market street. This house was originally established in 1886 by Messrs. Krause and Friton. In 1889 the partnership was dissolved, Mr. Krause retiring, and Mr. Julius G. Friton admitting his brother, Aug. C, to the firm, when the present style was adopted. The premises utilized consist of a brick building, 35x50 feet in area, and is equipped with all the latest modern apparatus and appliances, operated by an electric motor, and employment is given to nine expert workmen, the partners themselves devoting their whole time and attention to the operations of the establishment. In the mounting of diamonds this firm brings to their work the taste and fine appreciation of color effects which give to the gems their full force and beauty. In the manufacture of gold and silver jewelry, they are noted for originality of conception, beauty of design, and artistic workmanship, which render their productions objects of admiration to the connoisseur and artist. General repairing is also promptly attended to, and there is nothing in the lines indicated that escapes the range of their work. They are widely known throughout the South, Southwest, and the West, as a leading house in this line of trade, and are the recipients of a large and substantial patronage. Prompt and reliable in executing all commissions intrusted to them, strictly honorable in their business methods, and liberal in their dealings, they are highly esteemed in all trade and financial circles.

179

H. WESTHUS.

A concern that takes a front position in its special line of enterprise is that of Mr. H. Westhus, No. 2001 and No. 2003 S. Broadway. It has been for more than a quarter of a century engaged in cultivating an artistic taste for beautiful surroundings in houses, offices and public buildings. That its work to-day is of a satisfactory character is evidenced by the fact of its having a business connection that exceeds that of any other house of its kind in the South end. The business was founded in 1866, and has been at its present location since 1873. Mr. Westhus died in 1881, and his widow became the owner of the business, and her son, Mr. Berry Westhus, became its manager. The premises occupied consist of two spacious stores, 50x122 feet in dimensions, and are equipped with every possible convenience. The stock embraces Brussels and Moquette carpets, Scotch tapestry, and ingrain carpets, rugs, lace curtains, and upholstery goods. The house makes a specialty of the choicest fabrics, wherever manufactured. The goods are imported direct from the most celebrated manufacturers, and fifteen persons are employed in the house. The stock of lace curtains, portieres, linoleums, mattings, oilcloths, window shades, rugs, etc., is the finest in St. Louis. Wall papers are also extensivly dealt in and the stock embraces everything in the line, from the cheapest to the most elaborately artistic and costly. In Mr. Berry Westhus will be found a genial, energetic and obliging business man, and the business transacted by the house is very extensive and rapidly increasing This house is getting out and giving away an exceedingly beautiful calendar for 1892, with photo view of inside of their vast establishment. It will well repay any one to call and get one of these unique and useful calendars.

JONES' COMMERCIAL COLLEGE.

The oldest and most successful educational establishment in St. Louis is Jones' Commercial College, eligibly located between Olive and Laurel streets, entrance at 309 N. Broadway. It was founded in 1841 by Prof. Jonathan Jones, who conducted it until about 1880, when he was succeeded by Mr. J. G. Bohmer, the present, able principal. It owes its success, chiefly to the thousands of prominent business and professional men who have received their business qualifications here. The various class-rooms are well lighted, heated, ventilated and furnished, and the institution is the most popular and desirable in the city. Although it has been in operation fifty years, this college has always kept pace with all modern systems of education, and perfect discipline is a prominent feature. Jones' Commercial College guarantees to produce more satisfactory results by its system of instruction, than is possible by any similar institution. The curriculum includes a thorough course of instruction in bookkeeping and science of accounts, double and single entry, penmanship, business correspondence, commercial law, business forms, negotiable papers, etc. The English and preparatory course includes spelling, reading, English grammar, arithmetic, writing, etc. Special attention is given, and every care exercised to provide thorough instruction in short-hand and typewriting. Their system in telegraphy is probably the most complete in the world as it is under the immediate supervision of the Western Union Telegraph Co. who supply teachers, furnish instruments and battery, and use every means in their power to forward its efficiency. This department is connected by the regular wires, with the main office of the Western Union Telegraph Co., and students are examined and graduated by the officers of this company. The present yearly attendance is over 500, and is steadily increasing. Prof. Bohmer has solved the problem of imparting thorough education rapidly, and his graduates readily find lucrative situations after graduating here satisfactorily. Practical accountants, and those interested in the business education of their sons or wards are requested to call during the regular hours of instruction, as such visits do not conflict with the working of the college. The fifty-first annual catalogue of the college is now issued, and will be forwarded promptly to any address upon application. Former students and graduates are cordially invited at any and all times to visit this college.

T. J. KLUEGEL.

One of the best known carriage and wagon makers in this city is Mr. T. J. Kluegel, who has had many years practical experience, and since 1873 established in business on his own account, removing in 1883 to the very desirable premises now occupied at 827, 829, 831 S. Broadway. The building is two stories in height, 66x120 feet in area, and equipped in every department with the latest appliances. Sixteen workmen are employed, who are under the supervision of Mr. Kluegel and all work is inspected before leaving the premises, it being his boast that he can turn out a better carriage or wagon for less money than any other in the business in St. Louis. He keeps a large stock of vehicles for sale in the repository, and gives particular attention to manufacturing to order carriages of all kinds, barouches, buggies, spring wagons, and light and heavy trucks. Mr. Kluegel uses only the very best seasoned wood and superior quality of iron and steel in his shops, and fully guarantees all his work for strength, durability, beauty of style and perfection in finish. He was born in Missouri and has resided in St. Louis twenty-five years, and in that time made many friends. Mr. Kluegel makes a specialty of repairing. Mr. Edward Herman, an experienced, practical man has charge of the painting department.

CENTRAL FURNITURE CO.

A concern of national reputation is the Central Furniture Co. of this city. It has been in existence since 1881 when it was incorporated under the Missouri laws, with a paid up capital of $30,000, Their plant is located at 2527 St. Louis avenue, and consists of a large four-story brick structure, thoroughly fitted up with all the most modern appliances, including sawing, planing, mortising moulding, dovetailing, scroll sawing and carving machinery. The factory is supplied with power from an ample steam plant. A dry kiln is on the premises for seasoning lumber, thus insuring superior quality in the product of the factory. The premises, including lumber yards, shipping rooms, etc., are 225x150 feet in dimensions, and altogether are of the highest class. This company manufactures plain and medium bedroom suits, bureaus, cheap beds, wardrobes, etc., for the wholesale trade only. They use over 600,000 feet of walnut, maple, and oak woods each year, and their trade extends through Missouri, Texas, Arkansas, Kansas, Illinois, California and Iowa. The officers are all natives of Germany and have resided in St. Louis for many years. The president is Mr. C. Rothenheuser, a thirty-year resident of the city. The treasurer and superintendent is Mr. E. Ernst, who is thoroughly practical and has had extensive experience in these lines. The secretary is Mr. Fr. von Handorf, who manages the details of the company's business.

PATRICK MONAHAN.

Any commercial history of St. Louis would be incomplete without extended notice of the old established house of Mr. Patrick Monahan, livery stable keeper, undertaker and embalmer at Nos. 928 and 930 N. Seventh street. This extensive business was originally established in 1850 by John Wheeler, and in 1867 was succeeded by Monahan & Rogers, and in 1881 Mr. James C. Rogers retiring, the present proprietor took sole charge. Mr. Monahan occupies two floors at the above number, 72x129 feet in size, has thirty-five horses, seventeen vehicles, and two first-class hearses to care for his undertaking business. Mr. Monahan employs a large staff of assistants, and makes a specialty of embalming and undertaking. He was born in Galway county, Ireland, and has been a resident of St, Louis for the past forty years, and has been honored much in civil life, representing the second ward in the municipal assembly for six years, was a justice of the peace, and a commissioner of the Mullanphy Relief Fund, and is a director of the Laclede Building and Loan Association, and is also connected with the Missouri Building Loan Association. Mr. Monahan is largely interested in real estate, and owns eighteen elegant flats on Seventh street, near Cass avenue; also a handsome flat on Grand avenue and Ninth street. He is an affable, courteous gentleman and has hosts of friends.

180

ST. LOUIS COFFIN CO.

The most marked advances made of recent years in the introduction of new and appropriate styles of coffins and fine funeral furnishings, have been made by the celebrated St. Louis Coffin Company, which under able management has developed a trade international in character and extent. This industry was founded in 1865, and in 1881 the important interests involved were incorporated under the laws of this state, with ample resources at command, and under the following exceptionally able guidance: Mr. Fred D. Gardner, president; Mr. K. E. Gardner, vice-president, and Mr. Samuel M. Piper, secretary. The company utilize two large brick buildings, each five stories in height, on Thirteenth street, extending through to Fourteenth street, and having together a floor space of no less than 143,000 square feet. In these extensive premises fourteen foremen, 300 mechanics, twenty-one women and ten office assistants are steadily employed, while twenty-five traveling salesmen represent the house in the United States, six in South America, and one each in Mexico and Cuba. The prominent specialty here is the finest grades of caskets in all the desirable kinds of woods. The works have the most complete and improved outfit of machine tools in the United States, and as to workmanship and elaborate finish, the productions are unexcelled. The company constantly keeps in its large yards adjoining, an immense stock of lumber, to be thoroughly air-dried and seasoned before being used, and their coffins, caskets and undertakers' supplies are much preferred by the trade everywhere. Their goods are not only in demand all over the United States and Canada, but are largely exported to Europe, South America, Cuba, Mexico, etc. In this connection we may state that its oak coffins are being shipped in large quantities to England, and that they give the greatest satisfaction there, where only the best goods can find a market. This is the second largest coffin factory in the United States.

McLEAN & GRISWOLD.

The real estate agent is an important personage in any community. Possessed of business ability, with a knowledge of real estate, its value and the forms of safe transfer, and having information about his locality, he is enabled to furnish an intelligent opinion concerning business prospects, and judiciously advise those seeking investments in realty for speculative, residence, or manufacturing purposes. Among those experienced and practical as dealers in real estate in East St. Louis, there are none more thoroughly qualified to carry through to a successful issue transactions in the transfer of houses and lands than Messrs, McLean & Griswold, whose office is No. 303 Broadway. They give their attention to every branch of the real estate business, making sales, buying on order, renting and leasing property, examining titles, managing estates, collecting rents, etc. Through their close connection with capitalists and wide acquaintance in financial circles, Messrs. McLean & Griswold are enabled to obtain loans on bond and mortgage at the very lowest rates, and also on all first-class securities. They place investments judiciously in improved and unimproved city and suburban property, and have a wide reputation for keen judgment and foresight. They are doing a splendid business, and those who may require reference as to the character and standing of the firm are referred to the First National and the Workingmen's banks. Mr. John J. McLean is a native of New Jersey, is a prominent member of the East St. Louis bar, and has resided in this vicinity for many years. Prior to engaging in realty operations, he was for a period of eight years clerk of the circuit court of this district. He is a director of the Hillsburg and the Litchfield National banks, and one of the best known influential business men in this section of the State of Illinois. Mr. John W. Griswold was born in Litchfield, and was formerly high sheriff of Montgomery county four years. He is also well known and popular in this section. The copartners are gentlemen of sterling integrity, and have been associated and established in their present location since September, 1890. Besides handling and dealing in realty, the firm also draw deeds, mortgages, and all legal papers. Mr. McLean is a notary public, and attends promptly to all business appertaining thereto.

AL. CROISSANT & CO.

The business of the printer, bookbinder, blank book manufacturer and stationer is an important one. and is well represented by Messers. Al. Croissant & Com who establishment is at 328 Market street. The house is one of the oldest in this line in the city and dates its foundation from 1865, when it was established by Mr. Christ. Wissmann, who continued it up to the time of his death last July. The following August Mr. Al. Croissant and Mr. D. Speth succeeded to it by purchase and have since conducted operations under the present name and style. They have made many needed improvements in the premises and by their well-directed efforts are extending the trade. The premises comprise the ground and the second floors of a building 25x60 feet, and in all departments every facility has been provided for filling orders with dispatch. On the ground floor is the stationery department, in the rear of which is the bindery. The printing is all done on the second floor where is also located the blank book man facturing department. In respect to mechanical equipment the firm can hardly be excelled, and the work turned out in all departments is such as to be safely classed as superior. Estimates are cheerfully furnished for book, job and commercial printing, book and pamphlet binding, including whole editions and for blank books of any size and every description. All work is executed in the best manner and satisfaction guaranteed as to price. A full line of stationery and office supplies is always kept in stock and everything that belongs to the business. Both members of the firm are young men, natives of St. Louis, thoroughly practical and experienced. Mr. Croissant previous to forming his present copartnership was for a period of twelve years in the business, and Mr. Speth was in the employ of the St. Louis Type Foundry eight years. Having ample facilities and a thorough, comprehensive knowledge of all branches of their business, we may say without impropriety that those desiring first-class work in this direction will find it advantageous to patronize Messrs. Al. Croissant & Co. They are doing a splendid business and the prospects of its increasing in importance and magnitude, are indeed very cheering to them, and is only a fit testimony to their business value and worth.

181

L. FRIEDERICH & BRO.

One of the best known manufacturing houses in St. Louis is that doing business under the name of L. Friederich & Bro., at 2562, 2564, 2566 Sullivan avenue. This business was established by these gentlemen at the present location in 1883, and has been steadily and most satisfactorily increasing ever since. They have an excellent plant at the above location, the entire premises being about 200x108 feet. The factory is 50x87 feet in dimensions, and is two stories in height, being equipped with all the latest improved machinery, and is supplied with ample steam power. Twenty-five skilled workmen are employed, and over 50,000 feet of lumber are used in the manufacture of their wares each month. They use principally walnut, poplar, oak and ash woods, and have full facilities for seasoning all the lumber they use. The specialties of this house are the manufacture of lounge frames and center tables, as well as furniture. They make cheap and medium grades for popular use, and have a capacity of 1,000 lounge frames and 500 center tables per month. Their sales are made to the wholesale trade only, and an immense business is done, center tables being shipped all through Arkansas, Texas, Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska and Missouri, lounge frames being sold to the city trade mostly. The demand for their goods is steadily increasing in a most satisfactory manner. The members of the firm are young men, natives of this city, and practical cabinet-makers. Mr. William Friederich as well as Mr. Louis Friederich is well-known in social and business circles, and they are popular and highly respected. In addition to the factory mentioned above they also occupy a large adjoining warehouse, two stories in height, which they own and built.

R. SASSMANN.

The drug store at No. 722 S. Fourth street, is a very attractive one, and Mr. Sassmann, the proprietor, has displayed great taste in its arrangement. In this connection we would emphasize the fact that Mr. Sassmann is especially particular in compounding prescriptions, and has already won many encomiums from the neighboring physicians for the excellence of his drugs and for the purity of his tinctures, essences, etc., which he manufactures himself. Mr. Sassmann is a native of Germany, a graduate of the University of Giesen, of the class of "68," and came to this country and settled in St. Louis in 1871. Fourteen years ago he established business at Baden, Mo., a suburb of St. Louis, and in 1888 removed to his present location. He is a prominent member of the Missouri State Pharmaceutical Association and the St. Louis College of Pharmacy.

WEISS & MACCALLUM.

In the stationery and printing business one of the leading firms in St. Louis is Messrs. Weiss & Maccallum, at No. 3737 N. Broadway. It was organized in 1881 by Mr. George Weiss and Mr. James Maccallum, the present proprietors. In January, 1891, they removed to their present location, which property they own, and erected the substantial one-story brick building, 25x85 feet in dimensions, especially designed for their business. The firm does a large and ever-increasing business in book and job printing of all kinds, lithographing, bookbinding, and in fact everything pertaining to their trade. Both Mr. Weiss and Mr. MacCallum are practical printers, and employ a large force of skilled workmen. Their establishment is fitted with the most improved presses, besides cutters, rulers, and other necessary machinery and appliances for their work, all of which is operated by a gas engine, which furnishes power to the whole establishment. In addition to their large job printing, lithographing and binding trade, Messrs. Weiss & Maccallum do a large business in the line of office stationery, which they sell by samples from their immense stock. Mr. Weiss was born and raised in St. Louis, and is considered one of the best mechanics in his line in the city. Mr. Maccallum was born in Scotland, but has resided in St. Louis for the past thirteen years. Both are genial, courteous gentleman, and are most reasonable in their prices. They do a large country business, and their mail orders receive the same carefu attention as their city work — in fact, they guarantee their work and prices to be satisfactory. German and Spanish translating and printing is a specialty with them, and a large amount of technical and scientific work is done.

GAYLORD, BLESSING & CO.

Prominent among the leading and reliable bankers and brokers of St. Louis is the firm of Messrs. Gaylord, Blessing & Co., whose offices are centrally located at No. 307 Olive street. This prosperous business was established in 1861, and Mr. John H. Blessing, who had been a clerk in the house from 1869 to 1880, became a partner in 1881, when the firm name was changed to that of Gaylord, Blessing & Co. Both Messrs. Gaylord and Blessing bring to bear a wide range of practical experience, coupled with an intimate knowledge of values, and number among their permanent customers many wealthy capitalists, stock operators and business men. They buy and sell strictly on commission for cash, or on margin all stocks, bonds and miscellaneous securities listed on the New Bank, Chicago and Boston Exchanges. Messrs. Gaylord, Blessing & Co., have every facility for obtaining the earliest information affecting any security, and faithfully serve the best interests of customers. They make a specialty of first-class investment securities, such as state, city and county bonds, bank, insurance and street railroad stocks, etc., and those in need of financial aid will find them prepared to make the most liberal terms, making advances on approved collateral. Messrs. Gaylord and Blessing are widely known in financial circles, for their ability and integrity; and are specially recommended to our readers as well qualified to give sound and reliable information as to all classes of securities, either for investment or speculative purposes.

J. D. FITZGIBBON.

The character of the buildings erected in St. Louis is highly commendable, and is of the nature of a high indorsement of the ability of the contractors and builders, as well as the architects. One of the most reliable and certainly best-known contractors and builders in the city is Mr. Jas. D. Fitz Gibbon, who has been established in business since 1873. Mr. Fitz Gibbon has built up a patronage that is certainly enviable, and a reputation that is highly commendable. His success has been due to his close application to business, his conscientious and honest work and faithfulness to detail. He gives his contracts personal supervision, and is always careful to prevent any slight or defect on account of incompetence or false economy. He employs a large number of men, his payroll at times numbering as high as 150 workmen. He contracts for and builds all kinds of structures, and has erected many of the best known structures in the city, a few of which we mention: The Central Distilling Company's building, on the Wabash R. R., near Vandeventer avenue; the Sullivan building, northwest corner Seventh street and Christy avenue; Burns' building, on Christy avenue, between Seventh and Eighth streets; the Meyer-Bannerman building, southeast corner Sixth street and Christy avenue; Chas. Hoyle's building on Third and Locust streets; the Paramore fiats, on Bell avenue, near Grand; A. Mansur's residence, on Lindeli avenue; Hiram S. Liggett's building, on Chestnut street, and many public and private structures of elegant design and fine construction. The office and workrooms are located at Nos. 1815 and 1817 Pine street, where a two-story brick building is occupied with a space of 50x109 feet, especially suited to the business. Mr. Fitz Gibbon was raised in Hartford, Conn., and has resided in St. Louis a number of years. He is well known and highly respected in business and social circles, and has a business that is constantly increasing.

182

M. HIRSCHBERG.

The industries of St. Louis cover every branch of skilled and professional activity, many of which are quite unique and of great importance, and, in its special department, the house presided over by Mr. M. Hirschberg has long taken the lead in this city. It dates its existence back to 1850, when it was founded by the late Mr. S. Hirschberg, who was succeeded on his decease by his son, the present proprietor, in 1889. Mr. Hirschberg is an extensive importer of and dealer in theatrical outfits, military regalia, church and society goods, and all kinds gold and silver trimmings. He at all times carries an immense stock of these goods, also gold cloth and brocade, jeweled coronets, necklaces, tights, girdles, pendants and fancy ornaments, etc., a special feature being made of the manufacture of all kinds of badges and rosettes to order. The premises comprise a commodious ground floor in the building No. 702 N. Fourth street, 25x50 feet in area, admirably fitted for the business. The trade, irrespective of a large Catholic city connection, is chiefly southern. Mr. Hirschberg was born in St. Louis, and brought up in this business under the able tuition of his late father. He is a prominent member of the A. O. U. W., Master Workman of Banner Lodge No. 12, member of the Knights of Honor, and one of the founders of Anchor Lodge No. 1173 of the Knights and Ladies of Honor.

THE ANCHOR FOUNDRY.

A thoroughly representative house in the line of iron and brass castings is the Anchor Foundry, successors to the well known Novelty Foundry and Manufacturing Company, whose premises are eligibly located the corner of Sixth and Poplar streets. The old company was established in 1888, and gave way to the present firm on October 13, 1891, the latter having purchased the business. They are now thoroughly overhauling the premises, equipment, etc., and will shortly be ready to execute all commissions with the utmost promptness and care. The proprietors will manufacture gray iron, malleable, and brass castings, of a superior quality, for all purposes, and will make a leading specialty of pattern and model making, and the production of patented specialties. The line will also embrace japanning, nickel plating, bronzing and general finishing in the highest style of the art. Their premises consist of two floors, each 30x90 feet in extent and they will require on an average twenty hands. The heads of the house are Messrs. Stephen Bernard, Alonzo J, Gerst and Fred P. Noll, all of whom are practical men, who have an intimate acquaintance with every phase and feature of the business.

AMERICAN ELECTRICAL MFG. COMPANY.

St. Louis has numerous concerns dealing in electrical supplies of all kinds, but none of better reputation than the American Electrical Manufacturing Company. Although this corporation is comparatively new, it has become one of the foremost in the business, and the product of their factory is meeting with a phenomenal sale in all sections of the country. They manufacture incandescent lamps for all electrical systems, and also make the celebrated American Carbon Battery. Their factory, offices, and warerooms are located at Nos. 2011 and 2017 Pine street, and consist of a fine two-story brick structure, 50x75 feet in dimensions, fitted with all necessary appliances for the manufacture of their specialties. Ten experienced workmen are employed, and all the work is of superior merit and quality. This company was incorporated in 1890 under the Missouri state laws with an ample capital. The officers are gentlemen of wide experience, technical knowledge, and ability. The president is Mr. Ben Nahm, a native of this city, and a gentleman well-known in leading business circles. The vice-president is Mr. Joseph Wolf, a native of Little Rock, Ark., and the secretary and treasurer is Mr. Louis Nahm, brother to the president, who for over ten years practiced law, and is to-day the active manager of the company. The business of the concern is developing very rapidly, and daily increasing in magnitude and importance.

A. W. BORG.

One of the oldest and best known houses in the cigar importing trade in this city is that of Mr. A. W. Borg, which is located at No. 600 Washington avenue. It was established by Mr. Borg himself twenty-three years ago, and is devoted to the importation and handling of many valuable brands of cigars and tobacco, which are not obtainable elsewhere in the city. As a direct importer of fine Havana cigars Mr. Borg receives almost weekly through the Custom-house cases of goods from the leading Havana factories, which he sells at both wholesale and retail, having a very large city trade. His facilities for buying are excellent, and he is therefore prepared to quote to the trade at the lowest possible figures. His store is admirably adopted for the care of such a valuable stock, the temperature being always carefully regulated. Mr. Borg is at all times prepared to meet the demands of his customers in the most satisfactory manner, no matter how large may be their order. The brands handled by him are such as may always be depended upon as of uniform quality, and many of them are recognized as the purest, best flavored, and most delightful articles in the market. Mr. Borg is a native of Germany, but came to St. Louis a number of years ago, and enjoys the confidence of a very large section of the community.

ROSE ELECTRIC LIGHT SUPPLY CO.

The progress made in recent years in the applied branches of electrical service is marvelous. A prominent and reliable concern engaged handling and dealing in electric apparatus is the Rose Electric Light Supply Company, whose office and salesroom is at 1106 Pine street. The business was established about nine years ago, and is under the immediate supervision of Mr. T. L. Rose as manager. He is a practical electrician of many years' experience, and well posted in all branches of the science. Every facility, and convenience have been provided. The salesroom is on the ground floor, and has an area of 25x75 feet, adjoining which is a repair shop, where eight skilled hands are employed. The scope of the business embraces the buying, selling, and exchanging electric light apparatus of standard manufacture, and a full stock of arc lamps, arc light, dynamos, and sockets, also voltmeters, amperemeters, wires, and everything that belongs to the business is kept on sale. The trade comes from all parts of the United States, and is mostly conducted by correspondence with electric power companies, and those using electric lights. The business now already large is steadily growing in importance and magnitude. Mr. Rose is a native of Cincinnati, O., but has resided in St. Louis a long time, and as an electrical expert is considered one of the best in the city.

H. W. STRATHMANN.

In the nearly five years during which Mr. H. W. Strathmann has established the drug business at the southeast corner of Twenty-third street and Cass avenue, he has succeeded in making a success in every way of his enterprise. The store is finely appointed and fitted with all the good taste that to its credit generally distinguishes the profession, is excellently stocked with all the varied assortment of goods that make up a first-class chemistry, besides articles of toilet, perfumery, pure drugs, cigars, confectionery, etc., while no point of these departments lack the most thorough supervision, the "weightier matters of the law" have by no means been neglected. To the prescription department, which is open at all hours of the day and night, Mr. Strathmann brings a thoroughly equipped training as a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy, and a carefulness and knowledge beyond estimation. Nothing is allowed to outweigh these essentials. The store is 25x50 in area, and one clerk acts as Mr. Strathmann's assistant. Mr. H. W. Strathmann is a young man, born and raised in St. Louis and yields to no one in the profession in his ability to meet every professional need of his native city.

183

EMBREE-MCLEAN CARRIAGE CO.

The enormous increase in the demand for carriages, buggies and wagons of all grades, has rendered their manufacture a prominent industry in the United States. There are few branches of industrial trade in which such a vast amount of capital has been invested, and none other in which the American manufacturer has so far outstripped his competitors. Among the most widely known and reliable concerns in the West, whose vehicles are in constant demand, is that known as the Embree-McLean Carriage Company, manufacturers of fine light carriages and buggies, whose factory is situated in St. Louis, at Nos. 1817 to 1825, Olive street. This progressive and successful company was incorporated in 1889, under the laws of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $50,000, and its trade now extends throughout all sections of the Southern, Southwestern and Western states. The executive officers of the company are Mr. Thos. M. McLean, president; Mr. Jas. G. Embree, secretary, and Mr. F. B. Schlotterbeck, superintendent. They have had great experience in the manufacture of carriages, and possess an intimate knowledge of every detail, also the requirements of the trade and of a critical public. They occupy a spacious and substantial five-story brick building, 100x140 feet in dimensions, which has been specially built by them for their trade. The workshops are fully supplied with modern tools and machinery operated by steam power, while employment is given to 125 skilled workmen. They manufacture and keep constantly on hand a heavy and choice stock of fine light carriages, buggies of all kinds, phaetons, barouches, victorias, broughams, surreys, wagonettes, etc. Only carefully selected and thoroughly seasoned materials are utilized, and the vehicles produced are unexceled in this or any other market for strength, lightness, durability, ease of draft and elegance of finish. Orders are carefully filled at the lowest possible figures, and all vehicles are fully warranted. Mr. McLean was for seventeen years identified with the Caruth & Byrns Hardware Company, while Messrs. Embree & Schlotterbeck were previously connected with the Milburn Wagon Company.

H. B. LOUDERMAN, JR.

St. Louis is one of the foremost cities in America for the handling of securities. Her standing in relation to the mining interests has long made her prominent, and the investment of the capital of her citizens in this industry, has brought to them an hundred fold in dividends. The stock and bond business is controlled by a company of young men, who are liberal minded progressive and of sterling business worth, and whose influence is constantly widening. One of the most prominent and popular brokers in this special line is Mr. H. B. Louderman Jr. who has been established in business for himself since 1888. Mr. Louderman was formerly in the employ of James Campbell, and has become well and most favorably known to all our leading financiers and business men, by whom he is held in highest esteem and confidence. Mr. Louderman is a native of this city, and a young man of sterling worth. He is a member of the Merchants' Exchange, and the St. Louis Mining Stock Exchange. His offices are eligibly located at No. 315 Olive street, where he does a general brokerage business in bonds, stocks, municipal securities, mining stocks, etc.

ALOYS JOBST.

A representative and enterprising house in this city enjoying a well-earned reputation for dealing only in first-class goods is that of Mr. Aloys Jobst, dealer in wallpaper, window shades, oilcloths, etc., whose store is at No. 1716 S. Broadway, between Soulard and Lafayette streets. The business was established by Mr. Jobst in 1875 at No. 171r S. Broadway and he has occupied his present premises for the past seven years. Mr. Jobst is a gentleman of middle age and a native of Germany and came to St. Louis in 1849. He served with honorable distinction with the Home Guards in the late war. He enjoys much popularity and is a member of the St. Paul Benevolent Association. He carries in stock a most valuable and well assorted selection of wallpapers, dados, friezes and centerpieces, as well as window shades in every tint, and also does quite an extensive business in paper-hanging and whitening, and all work executed by his firm receives his own personal supervision, and will therefore be found to be in every instance satisfactory.

L. C. YOUNG PRINTING CO.

One of the best means of advertising that can be adopted by any firm is that of having neat and artistic printing in their office stationery and cards. To secure this it is necessary to patronize a first-class firm, and St. Louis is particularly fortunate in having such a concern in the L. C. Young Printing Company of No. 400 N. Third street. This business was organized by the present proprietor, Mr. L. C. Young, three years ago, and has met with a very liberal patronage since its organization. Mr. Young is a practical and experienced printer and employs a force of six to assist him in his work. He occupies the second floor of the large brick building at the above number, 25x60 feet in size, has an electric motor power, three presses and all the necessary type, rules and appliances for the execution of all kinds of job, commercial and book work, and in fact all kinds of printing that can be done with type. Mr. Young is a native of Indiana, and has resided in St. Louis a number of years, where he has had a large experience in the finest kind of printing. He personally superintends all work and can guarantee satisfaction

184

M. A. SEED DRY PLATE COMPANY.

In the manufacture of photographic dry plates, the representative firm in America is the M. A. Seed Dry Plate Company, whose St. Louis office and salesrooms are located at No. 2005 Lucas Place. The company's works are situated at Woodland, Mo. Here 175 skilled hands are employed, and the trade extends throughout the entire United States and Canada, and to Europe and Australia. This business was established in 1882 by Mr. M. A. Seed, who conducted it till 1884, when it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid up capital of $12,000, increased later to $90,000. The following gentlemen are the executive officers, viz.: H. C. Huiskamp, president; A. R. Huiskamp, secretary and treasurer; M. A. Seed, superintendent. The premises occupied in St. Louis comprise a spacious two-story brick building, 40x150 feet in area, fully equipped with every convenience. The company's dry plates are everywhere recognized as standards by the trade, and are prepared upon the most scientific principles and processes for taking instantaneous photographs. These plates, the Arrow brand, are unrivaled for efficiency and reliability. The trade is exclusively wholesale, and the sales for the past year were over $500,000. Several demonstrators are employed for the purpose of teaching photographers their use. The company's eastern depot is in New York City, at No. 2 Bond street. Mr. M. A. Seed, the superintendent, is a scientific expert in the manufacture of dry plates, while Messrs. H. C. and A. R. Huiskamp are well known business men in St. Louis. Mr. A. R. Huiskamp is secretary of the E. Jaccard Jewelry Company.

GRIESEDIECK ARTIFICIAL ICE COMPANY.

Among the more recently established houses, which are the product of this progressive age, the Griesedieck Artificial Ice Co, represents an industry which is filling an important place in the economy of our modern civilization. Instead of cutting this indispensable article from large bodies of water frozen by natural means we now prepare it artificially from the purest water as required, and not only have a product of higher sanitary value, but we dispense with the necessity for vast storage capacity, effecting an economy that is duly appreciated on all hands. The above company was incorporated in September, 1890, under the Missouri laws, with a capital of $100,000, which has subsequently been increased to $250,000. They occupy three splendid buildings on the corner of Thirteenth and Papin street, which are four, three and one story in height, respectively, and cover an area 160x184 feet in dimensions. Two large De la Vergne ice machines, embodying all the latest improvements, are available, having a capacity of from 150 to 160 tons of ice daily, and the product is sold to dealers in the city and its suburbs. In no respect is the contrast between the methods now adopted and those in vogue but a few short years ago more striking, and the very existence of this company is a useful reminder and mark of the great strides we are making in the perfecting of our civilization. The officers are: Mr. A. Griesedieck, president; Mr. B. Griesedieck, his son, treasurer; and Mr. Robt. Baur, secretary, the former being a native of Germany, and the founder of the well-known Griesedieck Brewery Company. Mr. B. Griesedieck and Mr. Robt. Baur are natives of this city. All are practical business men, expert in their duties, who are vigorous and consistent exponents of the most honorable commercial methods.

STEVENS & SCHUREMAN MFG. CO.

Representative among the leading houses of St. Loui actively engaged in handling all kinds of farm machinery and vehicles is that known as the Stevens & Schureman Mfg. Company, whose offices and salesrooms are centrally situated, corner of Twelfth and Walnut streets, and only three blocks north of Union depot. This progressive company was incorporated in 1890 under the laws of Missouri, with an ample paid-up capital, and succeeded the St. Louis branch of the David Bradley Mfg. Company. They occupy the largest and lightest showrooms in the city, and keep constantly on hand Bradley's Garden City Clipper plows, also all kinds of Bradley's steel, chilled, wheeled, sulky and gang plows, Bradley disk and lever harrows, stalk cutters, hay rakes, cotton planters, field rollers, double shovels, rolling colters, hand Bradley rocker carts, Kentucky grain drills, Mitchell farm and spring wagons. Here also can be obtained a full line of first class buggies, carts, farm and spring wagons, harness, etc., all quoted at extremely low prices. All their vehicles and farm machinery are guaranteed, and their trade, which is steadily increasing, now extends throughout all sections of Missouri, Illinois, Iowa, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Texas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and the West, Fifteen persons are employed in their warerooms, and they also have a number of traveling salesmen on the road. The following gentlemen, who are widely known in trade circles for their enterprise, sound business principles and integrity, are the officers, viz.: A. T. Stevens, president; C. H. Schureman, vice-president and treasurer; W. C. Abbott, secretary. Mr. Stevens was for ten years connected with the well-known firm of Deere, Mansur & Co., while Mr. Schureman was for many years with the firm of Schureman Bros. & Co., and Mr. Abbott was with the popular house of Pope, Lockwood & Co. The farm machinery and vehicles handled by this responsible company are general favorites wherever introduced, and are unrivaled for reliability and uniform excellence. Orders are carefully filled at the lowest possible figures, and entire satisfaction is guaranteed patrons. They issue very superior illustrated catalogues and price lists, which are forwarded promptly to any address upon application.

CENTRAL LABEL CO.

A review of St. Louis' representative industries would be most incomplete without more than passing notice of the Central Label Company, at No. 513 Elm street, of which Mr. F. E. Klein is the proprietor. This enterprise was inaugurated in 1886 at the corner of Second and Market streets, by its present proprietor, and removed to its present more eligible quarters in 1890. The premises consist of a substantial brick building, 30x80 feet in dimensions, and located at the address already indicated. These are supplied with a most complete outfit of the latest improved machinery presses, engineering and lithographing tools and appliances. The power is obtained from an electric motor, and constant employment is given to a large force of skilled hands. Mr. Klein is a thorough expert in this branch of artistic and skilled industry, and manufactures on an extensive scale labels of all descriptions, show cards, folding boxes, powder boxes, stickers, cork tops, and advertising novelties, all of artistic excellence. This firm unquestionably leads all competition, and permanently maintains the supremacy in its line of business, and in view of its facilities it offers the most substantial inducements to all consumers of labels and kindred lines of work. Mr. Klein is a native of St. Louis, and is prominently known in commercial circles, and is held in most favorable repute, owing to this enterprise and his upright business methods.

185

OTTO OETERS LEATHER CO.

One of the oldest among the representative stanch houses in its special line, in St. Louis, is that now conducted under the name and style of the Otto Oeters Leather Co. The foundation of the business dates from 1842, when it was established by Mr. Otto Oeters, and continued until 1885, when the present company was organized and incorporated with a capital of $100,000. Mr. Oeters, the founder, died a year after, since which time the business has been conducted by Mr. O. F. Oeters, president, and Mr. Geo. C. Oeters, secretary. The company own the Rockspring Tannery and also the spacious, commodious building, three stories high, with basement, used as office and warehouse, at 209 S. Main street. The building is 25x 140 feet in dimensions and well fitted up for all purposes of the business. An immense stock of goods is carried, embracing everything in the line of harness and skirting leather, shoe findings, shoe store supplies and tools. The house is the leading and most prominent in its line in St. Louis, and controls a large substantial trade which is widely diffused throughout the South, West and Southwest. An adequate force of clerks is employed in the office, and salesmen are maintained on the road. The goods handled and dealt in by this company are superior in every instance and fully warranted as represented. The officers of the company are natives of St. Louis, well known as business men, and stand high in the esteem of the trade.

AMERICAN STEAM LAUNDRY CO.

The American Steam Laundry Company is without doubt the largest concern of the kind in St. Louis. The company was organized and incorporated in 1886, since when an immense patronage has been secured. The president is Mr. J. A. Spoore, who is superintendent of the Wagner Palace Car Co. of Chicago, and resides in that city. Mr. K. E. Morgan is the manager and devotes his entire energies to the business. The establishment occupies the ground floor and basement, each 40x120 feet of the building at Twenty-first and Morgan streets, and is equipped with a 100 horse-power steam engine and 150 horsepower boiler, seven of the latest improved washing machines, besides many ironing machines, extractors, etc., and turns out a vast amount of superior work. Thirty to thirty-five skilled operatives are employed, and three delivery wagons kept constantly busy. The American is what is known as a plain linen laundry and does work for railroad companies, steamboats, hotels, restaurants, and families' washing and ironing: Spreads, sheets, pillow slips, hand towels, roller towels, glass towels, dish towels, tablecloths, napkins, aprons, chair covers, jackets, caps, doyleys, blankets, etc. Mr. Morgan, the manager of this concern, is a native of New York. He is an enterprising, thorough business man, and his personal popularity and reliable business methods have given the company its enviable prestige and remunerative and steadily increasing patronage.

ROBERTS & HEINEMAN.

A noteworthy representative of the art of steel and copper plate engraving and printing is without exception the house of Roberts & Heineman, who execute work with rare tact, skill and neatness not exceled by any other in this special branch. They do all kinds of fine commercial work, originate pleasing designs, attractive monograms crests, etc., and execute everything in the way of steel and copper plate engraving, stamping and printing, making a specialty of wedding cards. Five competent assistants are employed and all orders are filled promptly and satisfactorily at fair reasonable prices. Messrs. Roberts & Heineman are well equipped with all the requisite tools, presses, etc., for executing work in the highest style of the art, and have acquired a wide reputation. They are doing a splendid business at 506 Olive street, and well deserve the success which has crowned their well-directed efforts. Mr. Charles J. Roberts is a native of Liverpool, England. He has been in America since 1861, and for a period of twelve years was engaged in business in Chicago. He came to St. Louis in 1881. Mr. Harry A. Heineman was born in Louisville, Ky., and has resided in St. Louis eighteen years. These gentlemen have been associated and established in business since 1889, and occupy a foremost position among the best representatives of their art in the city.

TUCKER & TESSON.

Among the real estate houses recently established, that of Tucker & Tesson is destined to achieve a marked and lasting success. These young men have both had a thorough experience in the business and are qualified to handle any line of real estate intrusted to their care. Mr. W. T. Tucker was formerly with the Gibson Town and Land Company, and is well posted in values in all sections of the city, particularly on acreage and suburban tracts. He is a native of Massachusetts, and has lived in St. Louis some time. Mr. F. B. Tesson is a native of St. Louis, and is thoroughly familiar with all of her varied interests. He has had a thorough experience, and while progressive, active and energetic, is conservative to such a degree as to insure his success and the confidence of patrons. The house is doing a good business, giving employment to three salesmen. All kinds of real estate is handled, but a specialty is made of acreage tracts, in which a large business is done. The office of Messrs. Tucker & Tesson is on the third floor of the Odd Fellows' building, No. 316, and is complete in every detail. These young gentlemen have an established reputation for stability and character and need no introduction to the merchants of St. Louis; they have every element of success, and with their unexceled connections are certain of a liberal and appreciative patronage.

A. O. PRIEST & CO.

St. Louis by virtue of its central location, and the business energy of its merchants is the acknowledged head of the wholesale and jobbing trade in the South and Southwest. Among the best established houses is the well-known firm of A. O. Priest & Co., wholesale dealers in foreign and domestic wines and liquors, at No. 520 N. Third street, near the corner of Washington avenue. Mr. Priest established the present business at the same location sixteen years ago, and is now sole proprietor. He does a general wholesale and importing business of French, German, and other European wines, liquors, and brandies, as well as the choicest champagnes and whiskies, and cigars. Mr. Priest was born in Michigan, came here in 1864, and has built up a very large trade, locally as well as in the surrounding country. He makes a specialty of the finest brands of Kentucky whiskies, and has an immense trade in them.

S. BUDER.

Our sketch of the jewelry trade of this city would be manifestly incomplete without some brief notice of one of its most prominent representatives in this part of the city. We have reference to the emporium of S. Buder of No. 2118 S. Broadway, now in operation for fourteen years or more, and to-day one of the most important houses of the kind on S. Broadway, in point of the value of its stock and its varied and comprehensive character. This business was established by Mrs. S. Buder in 1877, and has been rapidly increasing in trade, and is a fair indication of the energy and enterprise of the management. Mr. William Buder, the son, who formerly conducted a store on N. Broadway, can now be found at this establishment, to which he is now devoting his entire attention. The premises occupied comprise a neat and commodious store, 20x35 feet in dimensions, and suitably divided as to the various goods dealt in. Here is always carried a heavy, reliable and judiciously selected stock of jewelry, watches, diamond goods, sterling silver, optical goods, marble clocks, opera glasses, etc. A specialty is made of the finest American watches, in silver, gold, plain and ornamental, adapted to all pockets and all acquirements. In solid gold jewelry also, the stock includes sets, half sets, and quarter sets, and single articles, including a superior stock of rings, earrings, pins, brooches, necklaces, bracelets, chains, and lace pins. A thoroughly experienced watchmaker is employed, and cleaning, repairing and regulating watches is executed with care.

186

SHEPARD BAKING POWDER CO.

Among the most prominent and popular establishments in this city, is the Shepard Baking Powder Company, manufacturers of Shepard's "Economical" Baking Powder, flavoring extracts, bluing, spices, etc., at No. 320 N. Second street. This splendid business was originally established in 1885 by Mr. W. H. Shepard as the Shepard Baking Powder Company, land in 1891 was purchased by Mr. Arthur Bell under the old firm name. The company occupies the second and third floors at the above number, 25x100 feet in size, using the second floor as offices and salesroom, and the third floor as a factory. They employ five assistants, and are manufacturers of pure baking powder, of which they make a specialty, and also of flavoring extracts and bluing. They have a very large local trade, and also an immense and ever-increasing business at wholesale in the Southern and Southwestern states. Their well known brand, the "Economical," has a wide reputation for its purity and superior excellence, which has made it the popular brand of baking powder in the land. The proprietor, Mr. Arthur Bell, is a native of Kentuc ky, who has resided many years in St. Louis. He is an active and enterprising gentleman, and has well earned his present large business by his honest, straightforward and square dealings with all.

LOUIS C. HESSE.

Among the enterprising and successful job printers of this busy locality is Mr. Louis C. Hesse, who has secured a leading position in the foremost ranks of the trade. In 1880 Hesse & O'Brian located in the Chronicle Office building. In 1885 Mr. Hesse sold out to Mr. O'Brian and started in business for himself on Pine street. Later he moved to No. 321 Market street, but the place becoming too small he moved to his present quarters, Nos. 316 and 318 Market street, which are very spacious and fully equipped with all the latest improved appliances, such as presses (of which there are five), type, and these adjuncts necessary for the purposes of the typographer's art. Mr. Hesse possesses every facility for executing all branches of job and commercial printing in the most artistic manner at the lowest prices consistent with fair and equitable dealings. A specialty is made of very fine job printing, catalogues, billheads, circulars, envelopes, hotel printing, such as bills of fare, etc., and in every department the work turned out is, for beauty of design, originality, superiority of workmanship and promptness, unexcelled by the products of all competitors. All orders receive the immediate and personal attention of Mr. Hesse, and a large and substantial patronage, drawn from mercantile houses, societies and social organizations, has been secured, and the future career of this reliable concern given most encouraging evidence of a long and prosperous one. The trade extends throughout the city and surrounding counties and eleven experienced printers are kept constantly employed, Mr. Hesse is an active member of the St. Louis Typpothetse, Ancient Order United Workmen, Independent Order of Red Men, and the South St. Louis Gymnasium Association. In all his business relations he will be found liberal, punctual and upright.

J. H. MERTEN & CO.

One of those influential and enterprising commercial houses which are so largely contributing to St. Louis' material prosperity is that of J. H. Merten & Co., at No. 102 S. Main street, wholesale flour and grain dealers and general commission merchants. This business was established in 1885 by Mr. J. H. Merten, who was formerly flour inspector for the Merchants' Exchange, and has been an active member of that body since 1881. The premises utilized for the business consist of a ground floor and basement, each 25x80 feet in dimensions, fully equipped with every necessary convenience, and here can always be found a full and complete stock of grain and the choicest brands of family flour. They are the sole agents for the Central Roller Mills of St. Charles, Mo., owned and operated by S. H. M. Merten & Co., and a specialty is made of the famous IXL brand of family flour, which is conceded to be the finest on the market, and has an enormous local consumption, this house supplying 375 retail stores in this city, besides a steady demand from leading dealers and jobbers south and east, also for export trade. Merten & Co. are also extensive commission dealers in grain, and afford an important market for the best growths of wheats — shipping South and East. The business extends throughout Iowa, Kansas, Illinois and Missouri, Mr. Merten is an active member of the Legion of Honor, and has ever accorded a hearty support to all measures best calculated to advance the welfare and prosperity of St. Louis, of which city he is a native. The telephone call of the house is No. 581.

E. C. ROBINSON.

Among the prominent merchants in this city, may be mentioned Mr. E. C. Robinson, dealer in lumber, lath and shingles, whose main office and yards are at the northwest corner of Ninth and Monroe streets, with branch yards at the corner of Easton and King's Highway, and Madison, Ill., Ottawa, Kan. This is an old established business, and was purchased by the present proprietor in January, 1890, who previous to this was connected with S. A. Brown & Co. for ten or twelve years, who at one time had seventy-five yards through Kansas and Missouri, and Mr. Robinson had charge of twenty-five of them, called the Ottawa-Kansas division. The main yards and office extend through from Ninth to Tenth streets at the above number, and are 100x300 feet in extent, and the branch yards are also very large. The yards are well stocked with a choice line of lumber, lath, moulding, shingles, etc., and a specialty is made of white pine of which the firm carries a splendid stock. Mr. Robinson is a practical and experienced lumberman, has a large force of competent assistants, aud cheerfully furnishes estimates in any amount of material any builder or contractor may desire, guaranteeing in all cases, first-class material in every respect, and prices that will compare with any offered in the market, He is a sociable, affable gentleman.

GODLOVE & BAUER TAILOR CO.

At no period during its entire history has the tailor's art been so highly appreciated or better understood than at the present day. Among the many popular and prosperous houses devoted to this important industry in St. Louis, and well worthy of more than passing notice, is the Godlove & Bauer Tailor Co., whose well-ordered establishment is most centrally located at No. 917 Olive street, and which has for many years enjoyed a widespread reputation for the superior quality of its productions. This enterprise was established in 1883 by Messrs. Gregory and Nilson, who were succeeded by L. R. Wilson & Company in 1887, and they were succeeded in turn by Messrs. Godlove & Bauer in 1889. The business has been at its present location since 1883, and the premises utilized comprise a ground floor, 25x110 feet in area, and are fully equipped with every convenience for the comfort of patrons, and the advantageous display of the fine stock of French, English and German broadcloths, cassimeres, woolens, worsteds, tweeds, meltons, cheviots, diagonals, etc., in all the latest and most fashionable patterns. A large force of skilled workmen is employed, and the cutting department is in charge of Mr. Bauer, who is a thorough master of his art, and has a high reputation for the beauty of his designs and the correct fit he always obtains. Both gentlemen of the firm are energetic, painstaking men, and all work is executed under their immediate supervision, no garment being allowed to leave their establishment that does not come up to the highest standard of excellence. The trade is very large, and extends throughout the city and surrounding country. Mr. James E. Godlove is a native of Missouri, and Mr. Barth Bauer was born in this city.

187

ST. LOUIS MERCANTILE CO.

A careful review of the business interests of St. Louis develops the existence of a class of houses in every respect, prepared to compete in the lines they represent, with any other in the West. Prominent among the leading houses referred to, is that of the St. Louis Mercantile Co., importers, manufacturers' agents and exporters. The business has been established some years and is ably conducted and managed by Mr. C. M. Kendrick, the president, and Mr. C. A. Kendrick, vice-president and general manager. This concern has always maintained a high reputation and through its correspondence in Europe, Mexico, Central and South America, and in all the leading cities in the United States, is well equipped and prepared to fill orders and special commissions for all classes of goods, and as exporters do an immense business. A four-story brick building with basement, 50x140 feet in area, is occupied at 313 and 315 N. Second street, and an extensive stock of imported and domestic goods of all kinds is always carried. The Messrs. Kendrick are natives of St. Louis, well and favorably known in commercial circles and have always taken a deep interest in the advancement of every enterprise that was for the public good.

E. & C. GRANDJEAN.

From time immemorial, the ever popular drugstore and pharmacy has occupied the corner location, when obtainable, in every locality, and twenty years ago, when Messrs. Eugene and Charles L. Grandjean sought a location for their drugstore, they chose the junction of three streets, Fourteenth, Wright and Dodier. The wisdom of their choice has been attested by the splendid business they have built up at their location. The handsomely appointed store of Messrs. E. & C. Grandjean occupies the corner room at the above location, 50x70 feet in size, and is well filled with a large and choice line of the purest and freshest drugs and chemicals, patent medicines, perfumeries and toilet requisites, while their well stocked laboratory occupies one side of the room. Both gentlemen being practical pharmacists, they make a specialty of the careful compounding of physicians' prescriptions, and are very thorough students in this branch of their business, being graduates of the best French College of Pharmacy, In addition to their other lines, they carry a choice stock of the finest imported and domestic cigars, and have a large trade in that line. The Grandjean brothers are natives of the French part of Switzerland, and have resided many years in St. Louis where they have built up an immense trade and made hosts of friends in business and commercial circles.

BLELOCK MANUFACTURING CO.

The immense development of the trade in sewing machines, and the universal use in which these machines are now employed has led to the establishment of several auxiliary branches of trade. Chief among these is that which has for its object the handling of needles, parts and attachments of every description. The leading concern in St. Louis engaged in this line of business is the Blelock Manufacturing Co., whose salesrooms are located at No. 309 Locust street. This company was incorporated in 1883 with a capital of $12,000, and its officers at present are W. M. Blelock, president, and F. W. Blelock, secretary and treasurer. Both these gentlemen have had a wide range of practical experience in this branch of trade and are fully alive to the wants and requirements of the innumerable uses of the sewing machine. Bringing such excellent qualifications to bear, they have built up a trade of great magnitude, which extends throughout all the Southern and Western states and territories. The premises utilized comprise the ground floor and basement of a three-story brick building, 40x60 feet in dimensions. These are well appointed throughout and are fitted up with all necessary conveniences. The stock carried is at all times full and complete, the company handling needles, parts and attachments for every kind of sewing machines, old and new, now in the market. They employ seven assistants, and their excellent connections and unsurpassed facilities enable them to place these goods before the trade at prices which cannot be obtained elsewhere. The officers are enterprising and pushing business men, and those having dealings with them are assured of always finding the same of a pleasant and profitable character.

FRED C. WEBER.

In furnishing cut flowers, designs and plants for special occasions, there is no house in St. Louis better equipped than that of Mr. Fred C. Weber, the well-known and long established florist of 3134 Olive street. There is not a line of business more popularly patronized in this city than this. The demand for elegant flowers for all special occasions is enormous, and gives ample trade to the many first-class houses engaged in this business. Mr. Weber established himself in business in 1873, and has had an uninterrupted success since its inception. He came to St. Louis from his native land, Germany, about twenty-five years ago and is known as one of our most progressive and stable business men. A large and elegant conservatory is erected in the rear of the store, and a full stock of fine plants of all kinds, palms, exotics, climbers, etc. are always ready for decorative purposes, while the assortment of cut flowers cannot be excelled in St. Louis. Funeral designs are furnished at short notice, and special attention is given to decorations and furnishing plants or flowers for weddings, banquets, anniversaries, etc. The telephone call is 1828.

A. BRAUN'S PHARMACY.

One is always inspired with a feeling of thorough confidence when a first-class drugstore is in their easy reach, and the residents in the neighborhood of Elliott avenue and Gamble street have much cause for congratulation from the fact that Mr. A. Braun's pharmacy is situated on that avenue at the corner of Gamble street. The business was established in 1880, and has since been conducted in a manner that leaves nothing to be desired. Mr. Braun is a gentleman of middle age, and a native of Germany. He passed examination at Berstein, Germany, and is a registered druggist under the laws of the State of Missouri. His store is fitted up in the most attractive manner with walnut fixtures, costly soda fountain, and marble floor. He devotes his whole attention to his business, keeping an eye of supervision over every detail, and one of the chief features of his establishment is the accurate compounding of physicians' prescriptions, for which he has a complete laboratory with every appliance brought down to date. His stock of drugs and fancy goods is comprehensive and well chosen, and low prices prevail.

F. W. SPILKER & CO.

There is not a house in St. Louis that has a higher reputation for superior goods than that of F. W. Spilker & Co., caterers. This house dates its foundation back to 1858, when Mr. F. W. Spilker founded the business. The present style of firm name has been in existence for the past twenty-six years, the partners being F. W. Spilker, the founder, and J. F. Lyons. The business has become recognized as of the utmost importance in our city. They occupy the ground floor and basement of the premises located at No. 3150 Olive street, where they have commodious quarters 25x60 feet in dimensions. The bakery is located in the basement and is equipped with every modern convenience, while the store is a model of elegance, having splendid wall and counter showcases, plate glass front, etc. The display of fine confections, pastry, cakes, etc., is of the highest order, and weddings, parties, banquets, anniversaries, etc., are supplied in the most careful and elegant manner, with everything necessary or pertaining to the supply on such occasions. The gentlemen at the head of this enterprise are among our best known and most highly honored citizens. Mr. Spilker was born in Germany, having resided in St. Louis since childhood; while Mr. Lyons came to St. Louis from the State of New York many years ago, coming from his native country, Ireland, to New York in childhood.

188

ALEXANDER FINNEY.

Of the many insurance agents in St. Louis, it is safe to say none stands higher in public confidence or has received a larger measure of recognition from leading merchants, manufacturers and property owners than Mr. Alexander Finney, whose office is room 2 on the second floor of the large stone building at the southwest corner Broadway and Olive street. Mr. Finney has been established in the insurance business in this city for a period of fifteen years, and has developed a connection and patronage that clearly proves his energetic ability and influence. He is the authorized agent for the Northern and Phoenix Assurance Companies of London, England, (the last named company having been established in 1782, a period of over no years), their present capital reaching the enormous figures of $30,000,000. They transact a general fire insurance business. As a practical experienced underwriter he offers substantial inducements to the public, including low rates and liberally drawn policies, while all losses sustained are equitably adjusted and promptly paid. Mr. Finney is prepared to take entire charge of the insurance of factory and warehouse properties, dwellings and stores renewing policies when expired, and generally relieving the business community of all care and trouble in this important respect. He is a native of St. Louis, in the active prime of life and stands deservedly high in insurance and business circles. Mr. Finney is a gentleman who personally makes a point of attending to and following up to a satisfactory adjustment all losses sustained by any parties insuring with him in the interests, both of the insured and insurer. Mr. Finney has effected insurance with many of the leading business men and institutions of this city, including the city of St. Louis Poorhouse and Insane Asylum, St. Louis Jockey Club, Agricultural and Mechanical Association, City Hall, Female Hospital, City Hospital, the Mullanphy Emigrant Relief Fund, representing over seventy-five dwelling houses, the Four Courts, the People's Railway Company, and many others, and is unquestionably a leading representative in the fire insurance business in St. Louis.

H. J. NATHAN & BRO.

A representative, and one of the most popular furniture establishments in St. Louis, is that of Messrs. H. J. Nathan & Brother, Nos. 1128 and 1130 Olive street. This extensive business was established six years ago by Messrs. H. J. and I. Nathan, both of whom have had long experience, and possess an intimate knowledge of the requirements of all classes of the community. They occupy a spacious five-story and basement building, 30x110 feet in area. The warerooms are well lighted, and the immense stock is displayed to advantage, and includes full lines of parlor, chamber, hall, library, dining-room and kitchen furniture, carpets of all kinds, stoves, refrigerators, baby carriages and household goods generally. Here are palor sets in mahogany, walnut, oak, etc., upholstered in a rich manner, and quoted at prices that render them the best value in the city. They also keep a full assortment of folding beds, mattresses, etc., and make a specialty of completely furnishing houses, flats, etc., at low prices on the popular installment plan. Only really reliable and desirable goods are handled, and all orders are promptly and carefully attended to. Messrs. H. J. and I. Nathan were born and educated in Cincinnati, O. They are honorable, enterprising and able business men, who are greatly respected by the community. They employ in their establishment twenty clerks, assistants, etc., and their patronage extends throughout all sections of the city and its vicinity.

PETER WHITE SANITARY CO.

We have great pleasure in bringing prominently before the public a gentleman who has, by his great inventive ability aided materially in reaching the high sanitary condition to which we have attained in St. Louis; we refer to Mr. Peter White. On the 10th of February, 1891, he established and incorporated the Peter White Sanitary Company, with a capital of $50,000, for the production of his ingenious and invaluable fixtures. The premises of this promising concern are located at Nos. 1439 to 1443 N, Nineteenth street, and 1900 Cass avenue, and consist of a substantial brick factory, etc., 50x154 feet in dimensions. The equipment is most complete, and includes a sixty horse-power steam engine, and every suitable and proper appliance known to the trade. Among the meritorious articles manufactured are, White's Famous Syphonia tank-closet, his "Famous New Hydrant," "Famous New Street Washer," "Duplex Noiseless Tank," "Compression Street Washer," "Compression," "Climax," "Challenge" and "Duplex" hydrants, "Bath Waste and Overflow," and many others of equal value. Nothing is more certain than the rapid and general adoption of these household and street necessities. His trade already extends over the whole of the United States. Mr. White is a native of Ireland, but has resided in this city during the past thirty-eight years. He is the president and treasurer of the company, and is also president of the Peter White Bath Tub Company, located in the same building. Mr. D. J. Brennan is the secretary of the firm under notice. Mr. P. White is probably one of our oldest citizens engaged in the manufacture of plumbers' supplies in the city, having been actively engaged as a foreman for twenty-seven years before embarking in the company.

BISCHOFF BROS.

One of the most prominent supply houses in its special line in St. Louis is that of the Bischoff Bros., at No. 809 N. Seventh street. The foundation of this business dates from 1884, when it was established by the firm, and a large trade has since been built up. The premises utilized measure 25x50 feet, and are arranged with an especial adaptability to all purposes of the business. The Messrs. Bischoff do an extensive business as jobbers, and carry a large stock of men's furnishings, hosiery, gloves, Irish, Scotch and German linens, shawl edgings, table covers, notions, etc. They also manufacture flannel shirts, canton flannel drawers, and jean pants, employing a large force of dexterous operatives. The trade comes from the city and surrounding sections, and an immense business is done with peddlers. The individual members of the firm, Messrs. Abe and Marquis Bischoff, are from Poland originally; the former has been in St. Louis nine, and the latter six years. The Messrs. Bischoff have a house in the city of New York, which is in charge of their brother, where they manufacture the celebrated Beehive suspenders, and do the buying for the house in the West, thus giving them the advantage of most other houses in their line of business.

MORGENS' ST. LOUIS STEAM DYEING AND CHEMICAL CLEANING ESTABLISHMENT.

A popular establishment, and one that is a great convenience to the citizens of St. Louis, is the St. Louis Steam Dyeing and Chemical Cleaning Establishment, Mr. G. A. Morgen, proprietor, located at 1318 Pine street, and branch office at 3147 Olive street. The business was inaugurated away back in 1852, and is to-day the oldest steam dye house in the West, and has always had, and still maintains a reputation second to none in this or any other city. The premises occupied consist of a two-story brick building, 25x100 feet in area, and equipped throughout with special appliances and steam power for executing orders promptly and satisfactorily, dyeing and chemical cleaning in all their branches are done to order with skill and care. Garments of both ladies and gentlemen are dyed and cleaned without ripping apart or removing trimmings. All kinds of silk and woolen dresses, zephyr and Shetland shawls, ladies' sacques and polonaise, scarfs, sashes and fringes, velvets, piano covers, tableclothes, damask curtains and lambrequins, cords and tassels, feathers and kid gloves, are dyed and finished in the highest style of art. All orders by mail or express are immediately attended to and the goods forwarded C. O. D., satisfaction being in every instance guaranteed. Mr. Morgens is very moderate in his charges, taking into consideration the quality of the work done, and, besides doing a splendid city business fills many orders from all the surrounding sections.

189

GLOBE ELECTRIC BELT CO.

Of all the uses found for that now indispensable agent, electricity, perhaps none are of more practical value than its application to the cure of diseases, which have hitherto been relieved, but never thoroughly eradicating by the ordinary remedies of the medicinal art. These ailments are so persistent in their development, and so deeply rooted in the constitution, that they can only be effectually met by the steady and constant vitalizing force which is generated and scientifically applied by the best electric belts. At the same time we desire to earnestly warn our readers against many of these articles, which have been constructed without due consideration of the primary importance of applying this invigorating force to those parts of the body which will enable the whole system to reap the greatest possible benefit. Those of the Globe Electric Belt Co. may be used with confidence by all who are suffering from nervous debility, rheumatism, neuralgia, paralysis, St. Vitus' dance, and all disorders affecting the stomach, kidneys, liver, nerves, etc., as they not only generate a current of the required strength, but it is applied to the body in those particular parts where its steady curative effects may be most efficiently communicated. The proprietor of this excellent company is Mr. M. Israelson, a Prussian by birth, who is rapidly becoming known throughout the section of country tributary to St. Louis, for the superiority of his valuable belts, which are certain to become in great demand among the invalids of our community. The office is at No. 104 (elevator 104) N. Broadway.

HENRY E. ROACH & SON.

We desire to refer specially in this review of the commerce and industries of the city of St. Louis to the representative and successful firm of Messrs. Henry E. Roach & Son, architects, whose offices are located at 720 Pine street. Mr. Henry E. Roach first commenced the practice of his profession in St. Louis twenty years ago and in 1890 admitted his son, Mr. Harry F. Roach, into partnership They are widely recognized as thoroughly representative members of the distinctive American School of Architecture, and have ably and successfully solved the complex problem of how best to utilize the minimum of building area with the maximum of accommodation and architectural beauty of design. Proofs of their superior practical skill and ability are embodied in the many fine buildings erected in the last few years under their directions and plans in the city and elsewhere, which are greatly admired by expert for their stability, workmanship and elegance. These buildings include the Baptist Sanitarium, which cost $60,000; James G. Butler's tobacco factory, Walnut street, seven stories, cost, $100,000; Liggett & Meyer tobacco factory, cost, $80,000; Mexico Military Academy, Mexico, Mo., cost $50,000; Tiffany building, Tenth and Spruce streets, cost, $125,000, and many others. They attend faithfully to details, their plans are well digested and studied, and they spare no time nor pains to give entire satisfaction to patrons. Mr. Henry E. Roach is a native of Missouri, while Mr. H. F. Roach was born in St. Louis. Mr. H. F. Roach is a graduate of the Manual Training School of St Louis, and also of the Boston School of Technology. Both gentlemen are highly regarded by the community for their professional skill and integrity, and are prepared to execute all commissions, not only promptly, but with that intelligent apprehension of design that has made their efforts so highly appreciated.

H. & L. CHASE.

No historical review of the representative business houses of St. Louis would be complete without special mention of the reliable firm of Messrs. H. & L. Chase, importers, manufacturers and dealers in bags of all kinds, whose offices, factory and salesrooms are located at Nos. 8 to 20 N. Main street. This firm also has branch houses in Boston, Chicago and Kansas City. This extensive and flourishing business was established forty years ago, and the present copartners are Mr. F. H. Ludington, who controls the St. Louis business, while the Boston house is under the able management of Mr. Wm. L. Chase. In St. Louis they occupy a spacious four-story double basement structure (five buildings), which have an area of 150x100 feet. The manufacturing departments are fully equipped with the latest improved appliances and machinery, operated by steam power, and a full staff of operatives is constantly employed. A heavy stock of all kinds of bags is always on hand, and the trade of the St. Louis branch extends throughout the Central, Southwestern, Western and Northwestern states. The firm's goods are everywhere recognized and appreciated by the trade as standard productions, and have no superiors in the market, being unsurpassed for quality, reliability and uniform excellence. The largest orders are promptly filled at the lowest possible prices, and all goods are fully warranted. The partners enjoy the highest confidence of our best commercial circles, and are widely known as honorable and reliable business men.

WM. PFEIFER.

For sixteen years Mr. William Pfeifer has been honorably associated with the grocery business, and was formerly at 2900 Market street, but the name has since been changed to Manchester road. His store is admirably suited to his business and to the display of his very handsome stock of goods. These comprise full lines of staple and fancy groceries, teas and coffees, of the choicest growths, table luxuries and delicacies, sugars, spices, canned and bottled goods, laundry supplies, extracts, essences, crackers, preserves and grocers' sundries generally. In addition, he always has on hand a rare selection of domestic and imported cigars, as well as choice wines and liquors in bottles or by the gallon for family and medicinal purposes. In selecting his stock Mr. Pfeifer obtains his goods from the most reliable sources, and is constantly replenishing, so that his customers can always rely upon obtaining their goods absolutely fresh and pure. All goods are delivered free by team, and family orders called for when desired. Mr. Pfeifer is a resident of St. Louis since 1852, having come here in his infancy; his father coming to this country in 1832. He has long enjoyed the esteem and confidence of a large patronage.

THE ORIENTAL.

While St. Louis bears the reputation of having the best hotels in the country, it must also be credited with possessing one of the most complete and one of the best managed Turkish baths in the world, and this is the Oriental, at 311 N. Seventh street. These baths were established in 1870 by Mr. George F. Adams, and six years ago the present able proprietor, Dr. Orren S. Kniffen, succeeded him, and has since conducted them in a manner which cannot be excelled for liberality and good management. These baths are the largest and by far the most complete in the West, and without overcrowding, can accomodate 150 persons. A force of fourteen skilled help, is always on hand, and the massage, which is imparted by the assistants, is one of the most healthful invigorators known. Those who are sick receive special and gentle care, and everybody is made to feel that the management is especially interested in his or her case. The greatest kindness prevails on all hands, and the whole place is conducted with a degree of refinement and extreme respectability, which has made it a favorite resort for St. Louis' best citizens and for all traveling men who visit the city. Dr. Kniffen is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons, and enjoys an extensive practice. The baths are open from 7 a. m. to 12 p. m., and on Sunday from 7 a. m. to 12 m., and Turkish coffee is served free to all.

190

LAFAYETTE MARKET.

"Cleanliness is next to godliness." This proverb does not only apply to our own person, or the keeping of our homes, but most certainly also to the manner in which the necessities of life, be they whatever desirable, are offered to the public. Appreciating this fact, Mr. M. T. Sharp, a native of this city, conducts a neat and attractive meat market known as the "Lafayette Market," where all goods sold are handled with the greatest care and most exacting cleanliness. This enterprise was founded eleven years ago as the "Lafayette Market Co.," on Lafayette avenue, the present proprietor assuming sole control of affairs in 1884. The market of Mr. Sharp occupies a ground floor, 20x50, at No. 1813 S. Jefferson avenue, whence a removal was made about a year ago. The meat business is a very precarious one, as the least neglect in the management of the same means the loss of a customer and a blot on the reputation of the dealer. This establishment is kept in a first-class condition. A spacious ice-chest insures fresh and palatable goods, and a choice display of fine smoked hams invites the transient customer, as well as old patrons, to obtain something well worth the little cost, and the assortment of fresh meats, vegetables, poultry, fruit and game in season, is not easily surpassed by other concerns of this kind. The furnishings and finish of this store are all that the most fastidious taste could expect or desire, being furnished in light and dark wood, and a large and profitable business is transacted, requiring the services of three active assistants who understand their business. Mr. Sharp is to be congratulated upon his success, and the people in turn are to be congratulated in having so genial and capable a gentleman as Mr. Sharp among them, and at the head of such an important enterprise. Prices cannot be outdone elsewhere, but his goods, however, are the main attraction, and which the public appreciate.

McNELUS BROS.

A mercantile establishment standing in the foremost rank of the trade in St. Louis is that of Messrs. McNellis Bros., importers and dealers in Irish, Scotch, and German linens, shawls, dress goods, laces, edgings, notions, etc., at No. 806 N. Seventh street. This prosperous business was founded in 1883 by the firm of Messrs. McNellis, Campbell & Co., by whom it was carried on until April 29, 1891, when Mr. W. F. Campbell died. It has since been conducted by Messrs. Daniel and Michael McNellis under the present firm name. The premises utilized comprise the ground floor of a building, 20x80 feet in dimensions. The salesrooms are handsomely fitted up, and all facilities are at hand for the attractive display and close inspection of the heavy and carefully selected stock. Messrs. McNellis are heavy importers, receiving their splendid goods direct from the most reliable sources of production, both in Europe and the United States. Their excellent connections abroad enable them to place on their counters simultaneously with their appearance on the European markets, all the latest novelties in Irish, Scotch, and German linens, Paisley and India shawls, Lyons silks, satins, fine cloths, and other dress goods, Nottingham and Belgian laces, edgings, notions, and novelties, etc., which to the public they quote the lowest prices. Three assistants are employed, and patrons' orders are filled with the utmost care. Both partners are natives of County Donegal, Ireland, Mr. Michael McNellis resides in Chicago, where he is a member of the firm of Campbell & McNellis, his partner being Mr. James Campbell, father of the late Mr. W. F, Campbell of St. Louis. The business in this city is under the immediate management of Mr. Daniel McNellis.

LIPSHITZ & SPIELDOCH.

One of the most progressive young firms in the city is that of Lipshitz & Spieldoch, manufacturers of shirts, drawers, overalls, and the celebrated seamless crotch pantaloons, patented April 15, 1880, at Nos. 702 and 704 N. Seventh street. This splendid business was originally established five years ago by Lipshitz Bros., and in December, 1890, the old firm was dissolved, and the present firm, composed of Mr. Morris Lipshitz and Mr. Jacob Spieldoch, was formed under the firm style of Lipshitz & Spieldoch. The firm occupies two floors at the above numbers, 20x80 feet in size each, and employ sixty to eighty hands inside and outside, They do a very extensive business, which will exceed $75,000 annually, being especially in the line of topshirts boys' knee pants, and the celebrated seamless crotch pantaloons, considered to be the best pants of the kind ever manufactured, rendering them impossible to rip or tear. Mr. Lipshitz was born in Europe, and has been for many years a resident of St. Louis. Mr. Spieldoch is a native of Germany, and has made his home in St. Louis for the past nine years, being formerly in the employ of Simon Gregory & Co., manager of their pants manufacturing department, They have been in their present location about three months, their increasing trade making it necessary for them to secure larger quarters than those occupied at No. 418 W. Seventh street.

PARK STABLES,

The finest ventilated and best located stables in the city of St. Louis are without question those, of which the experienced D. H. Hall is the proprietor, at 1306 to 1310 Washington avenue. The business was established ten years ago by Mr. Hall, and has been run successfully, to the great advantage of the locality as well as to Mr. Hall himself. There are from ten to fifteen persons employed, according to the season, and over 100 horses kept on hand of all grades, from the high-classed pacer and trotter, dear to the experienced "whip," to the steady going family horse, whose action is such as to commend him to the least experienced driver. Carriages of all kinds are also kept in stock, and any arrangement for private, driving, wedding party, or funeral purposes can be made with the utmost confidence that the accommodations will be all that could be desired. The Park stables are also adapted to the purposes of boarding, the personal attention of the experienced proprietor being given to this class of business. The premises consist of a two-story brick block, 50x100 feet, having the horses on the ground floor, with carriage and harness rooms on the second story, with elevator service. The location of the stables is excellent, the Richelieu hotel being on the west, and Belvidere flats on the east. The telephone number is 1052. Mr. Hall is a native of Kentucky, who has made his home in St. Louis for many years.

BREMSER'S.

Among those who have obtained an excellent reputation for making thoroughly artistic custom clothing are the Bremser's, who occupy a neatly fitted up handsome double store, 36x50 feet in area, at Nos. 714 and 716 Wash street. The foundation of the business dates from 1861, when it was established by Mr. John A. Bremser, and continued by him until 9880, when he retired, and was succeeded by his sons, J. Henry and J. George Bremser. In 1888 J. W. Bremser, a younger son, was admitted to an interest in the business. For a long time the business was carried on at 814 Wash street, but since 1868 the premises now occupied have been utilized. The stock of goods carried is complete, and embraces the finest selections of suitings, woolens, trouserings, overcoatings, vestings, broadcloths, etc., of both European and American production in all the popular styles. The trio of copartners are experienced, practical, scientific cutters, careful and exact. They are moderate in their prices, and their workmanship is unexceled. The patronage comes from the best class of citizens, and is steadily increasing. The skill and ability of the Messrs. Bremser has given their establishment a wide reputation and popularity. All the members of the firm were born in St. Louis, and brought up in the business, in which they are engaged, under the careful tuition of their father.

191

HENRY C. WINTHER.

One of the most popular young business men in St. Louis is Mr. Henry C. Winther, who occupies a spacious and commodious store at the southwest corner of Fifteenth and Cass avenue. The business was established a quarter of a century ago by Mr. A. J. Holstrom, and came under his control in March of last year, since when he has increased the stock, made many needed improvements about the premises and besides the patrons left him by his predecessor is adding many new ones. In dimensions the store is 36x75 feet and contains a large, valuable assortment, embracing everything in the line of dry goods, including dress fabrics, also gentlemen's furnishings, fancy goods, toys, notions, and hats and caps in all the prevailing styles. Mr. Wintrier is a practical, experienced tailor and scientific cutter of gentlemen's clothing, and is recognized as one of the best in the city. He carries a full line of trouserings, overcoatings, vestings, fine woolens and suitings, and conducts his affairs in a highly creditable manner. He is a native of St. Louis, and very popular as a business man and citizen. About the premises seven clerks and assistants are employed, and a splendid business is being carried on.

STANDARD ELECTRICAL CONSTRUCTION CO.

St. Louis can boast of a number of electricians of exceptional ability, among whom is Mr. I. Fajans, manager of the Standard Electrical Construction Company, whose office is on the second floor of the building, No. 613 Pine street. Mr. Fajans is a thorough, expert practical electric engineer, has had many years experience in the profession. As a consulting engineer, his services are always in request, and as a contractor he is ever ready to furnish estimates for electric light and power plants, dynamos, power and fan motors, electric light wiring for any system, fitting up buildings with electric bells, speaking tubes, door openers annunciators, burglar and fire alarms, watchmen's clocks and registers, electric and gas fixtures and brackets, and changing gasfixtures so as to be used for electric lights. He also pays particular attention to making repairs, and fully guarantees to execute all work promptly and in the most reliable and satisfactory manner. From six to ten competent electricians are employed, and all orders filled under Mr. Fajans' personal supervision. Although a resident of St. Louis many years, Mr. Fajans is a native of Poland. He is one of the most reliable electricians in the city and is highly indorsed and recommended for his skill.

FRED. NISCHWITZ.

Mr. Fred. Nischwitz is one of the oldest established and popular dealers in stoves, ranges, tinware, cutlery, etc., in the city of St. Louis. He founded the business in 1858, and for the past fourteen years has occupied the commodious premises at No. 1408 S. Broadway, where he has the ground floor, 25x75 feat in dimensions, having a workshop at 312 Miller street. Mr. Nischwitz carries a superior line of stoves, ranges and tinware, also cutlery, enamel ware, house furnishing goods, etc. He effects stove repairs of all kinds, and makes to order, guttering, spouting, cornice work, etc. All kinds of jobbing is promptly attended to and satisfaction is guaranteed. Mr. Nischwitz is a native of Germany, and came to St. Louis in 1850. He served with honor during the late war, and has numerous friends in leading social and fraternal circles. He is an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Western Rowing Club, the Protestant Brothers Orphanage, and the South St. Louis Turnverein. He employs six experienced workmen and uses two teams for delivery purposes. Mr. Nischwitz deserves the greatest praise for his broad-mindedness and diligent business application.

ENTERPRISE BRASS CO.

The finest brass goods for interior decoration in St. Louis, are produced by the Enterprise Brass Company, who have recently removed from their stand at 809 Franklin avenue, to the handsome seven-story brick at Nos. 312 and 314 N. Eighth street, 35x70 feet in dimensions. Here every facility is at hand for their work, and for the display of the exquisite goods they produce. Their chandeliers, and gas and electric fixtures, are works of art, exhibiting skill in design, and embodying the most desirable features. Office and store fixtures, brass bedsteads, brass tables, easels, fire screens, etc., are among the articles made here, and a leading specialty consists of window fixtures for the display of goods. The trade of this establishment has developed rapidly, and now covers every part of the United States. The company was incorporated in 1886, with a capital of $40,000, its officers being as follows: Mr. F. Harris, president; Mr. J. B. Johnson, vice-president, and Mr. M. D. Greengard, secretary and treasurer. Mr. Harris is a Russian by birth, and has resided here for a number of years. He was in business for awhile in Canton, Mo., and is well known as one of our most enterprising and experienced merchants. Mr. Johnson is a native of this state, a prominent capitalist, a director of the Continental National Bank, and one of the leading financiers of St. Louis. Mr. Greengard is also a Russian, but has resided here more than twenty-one years.

JOHN MAY.

The labor of compiling an historical review of the industrial business of St. Louis involves an arduous task, and no subject is found more worthy of the historian's attention than the hardware trade, constituting as it does, in its several departments, one of the most important factors of metropolitan commerce. For fifteen years past Mr. John May has conducted a thoroughly representative hardware establishment at 2833 Chouteau avenue, and here may be found an exceptionally fine stock of stoves and ranges in leading styles, including the Buck stoves and ranges of the Excelsior Manufacturing Co., and the celebrated superior stove made by the Bridge & Beach Manufacturing Co. He also manufactures tinware, hollow ware, enamel ware, builders' and shelf hardware, mechanics' and carpenters' tools, pocket and table cutlery of imported manufacture, paints, oils, varnishes, etc., and in fact everything that is generally kept in a first-class hardware store Considering the quality of the goods the prices are exceedingly low, and this is accounted for by the fact that Mr. May has exceptional facilities for buying on the most favorable terms. He also makes a specialty of roofing and spouting. Mr. May is a native of England and has been in St. Louis for twenty years. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen; and is in every way a reliable and responsible representative in the hardware line.

CHAS. E. HOFMANN COMMISSION CO.

A reveiw of the representative houses of St. Louis would hardly be complete without mention of the Chas. E. Hofmann Commission Co. of No. 903 N. Fourth street. This concern was established by Messrs. Hofmann Brothers in 1868, such firm being dissolved in 1887, each member engaging in business on his own account. A consolidation was effected some four years later and in May, 1891, their interests became welded in the Chas. E. Hofmann Commission Co., incorporated under the laws of Missouri, capitalized at $25,000, and officered as follows: C. E. Hofmann, president; R. H. Hofmann, secretary and treasurer; Montrose Hofmann, vice-president. The premises occupied comprise two floors of the building at the address indicated, each 25x65 feet in dimensions, giving ample accommodation for the manipulation and storage of stock. The firm is largely engaged in the wholesale handling of butter and cheese, though consignments of all kinds of country produce are quickly disposed of on commission, shippers and producers being referred to the Fourth National Bank of this city. The management of the business is characterized by liberal methods, prompt returns at most favorable market quotations, and all interests intrusted to the company are certain of being judiciously placed. The members of the company are identified with the Merchant's Exchange, and rank among the representative merchants in this branch of St. Louis commerce.

192

ROBERT HUNICKE.

There are few more enterprising lumber establishments than that of Mr. Robert Hunicke, whose premises are well located on Fourteenth street, between Cass avenue and Mullanphy street. The business was begun a quarter of a century ago, by Messrs. Chapman & Thorpe, who were succeeded by the Eau Claire Lumber Co., and in 1887, the present energetic proprietor, who held a prominent position in the above company for thirteen years, took the helm and has carried on the business successfully since he became proprietor. His yards and sheds cover an area of 220x127 feet, and are well equipped with transport facilities, and conveniences for the rapid handling of stock. The line embraces lumber, lath, shingles, etc., and every care is manifested in the selection of the best in each grade. Here may be found a splendid assortment of yellow pine flooring, white pine, and all kinds of rough and dressed lumber; shingles, lath, joists, scantling, sills, etc., and customers will find that their orders, whether sent by telephone (No. 3353) or otherwise, will receive immediate attention. Mr. Hunicke handles no less than 4,000,000 feet per annum, and quotes bottom prices to builders and contractors, it being a feature of this concern, that relations once established with it are almost certain to lead to an enduring business connection. The history of this gentleman is a remarkable instance of what energy and ability will accomplish in a city offering so many advantages as St. Louis. He began at the foot of the ladder a few years ago, and is now one of the most respected and prosperous merchants of the city.

HENRY KASSING.

One of the leading furniture and carpet houses m the section of St. Louis in which it is located is that of Mr. Henry Kassing, at 2709 and 2711 N. Fourteenth street. This enterprise was established in 1883 by Kobusch & Co., Mr. Kassing being a member of the firm, and two years after, he succeeded to the business and greatly increased the facilities and stock. The premises is a double building with three floors and a basement, the salesroom devoted to furniture, being 25x90 feet in area, and here is displayed a large and varied assortment of richly upholstered parlor and bedroom suits, dining room and kitchen furniture, also lounges, sofas, wardrobes, office desks, fixtures, etc. The salesroom in which carpets are exhibted is 25x75 feet in area, and contains a stock of imported and domestic carpets of every kind, including Wiltons, Moquettes, Ingrains, Brussels, Velvets, etc., in plain colors and in handsome patterns. Everything is in full accord with the prevailing fashions and has been selected expressly for a first-class trade. The prices which obtain are the very lowest, and every article is fully guaranteed as represented. Mr. Kassing is a native of Germany, has resided in St. Louis since he was a boy, and is a young man of splendid business abilties. He buys his goods direct from the most celebrated manufacturers and the leading importers.

A. HOFFMANN HARDWARE AND PAINT CO.

In a city where so much building is under progress, there can be no more important business than the hardware and paint line. Among the most substantial dealers in this business is the A. Hoffmann Hardware and Paint Company, located at Nos. 2501, 2503 and 2505 Fourteenth street. This excellent business was established in 1875 by Messrs. A. Hoffmann and G. W. Kurtzeborn, and has done a splendid business since the first opening. In 1886, the firm was incorporated under the state laws of Missouri, with a cash capital of $16,000, Mr. A. Hoffmann being chosen president and treasurer, Mr. G. W. Kurtzeborn, vice president, and Mr. Henry Marx was admitted to the firm and elected secretary. They have always been located in the immediate neighborhood of their present establishment, where one year ago they erected their present handsome three-story and basement brick building, 50x70 feet in dimensions, with a large oil warehouse in the rear. They do a general wholesale and retail trade, and carry a large stock of hardware, builders' and mechanics' tools, paints, oils, varnishes, etc., and are local agents for the celebrated Monarch brand, Senour's, strictly pure, ready-mixed paints and floor paints. All of the officers of the company are natives of St. Louis, and are practical, active and energetic business men, who have pushed their business to the front in such a vigorous manner.

S. E. GROTE PAINT STORE CO.

In the manufacture of brushes and the sale of paints and painters' supplies, a representative concern in St. Louis is the S. E. Grote Paint Store Company, whose factory and salesrooms are located at Nos. 519 and 521 St. Charles street. This business was established in 1856, by Messrs. Pettes & Leathe, who were succeeded in 1882 by Messrs. Grote & Scott. Eventually, in 1885, it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a paid-up capital of $15,000. The executive officers are Mr. S. E. Grote, president, and Mr. Wm. H. Scott, secretary and treasurer. Both have had long experience and possess superior connections and perfect facilities, while their sales for the past year amounted to over $150,000. They occupy a superior five-story brick building, 45x75 feet in dimensions, where they keep all kinds of dry and ready-mixed paints, varnishes, colors, Japans, priming, filling, artists' materials, brushes, glue, glass, putty, white lead, oils and painters' supplies generally. They are importing agents for Harland's famous English Varnishes, and manufacture largely all descriptions of brushes, the specialty being paint and whitewash brushes. Twenty hands are employed, and orders are carefully filled. From the first they undertook to manufacture only goods of a standard high quality, and the result is that their brushes are generally favorites. Mr. Grote has been nineteen years connected with this house. Both he and Mr. Scott are widely known in trade circles for their strict integrity.

FLESH & KRUSZ.

In the important plumbing business, together with gas-fitting and sewering in St. Louis, the firm of Flesh & Krusz, No. 2425 S. Broadway, has achieved a well-earned reputation. The house was established by Mr. J. W. Flesh in 1886. Three years later he was absent from the city for a short time, but again embarked in the business April, 1891. In September, 1891, Mr. Phil. Krusz was admitted to partnership, and the concern assumed the name of Flesh & Krusz. They occupy a spacious ground floor and basement, each being 20x40 feet in area, fully stocked with a complete and choice assortment of plumbers' and gasfitters' supplies, including lead and iron pipe, bath tubs, closets, hydrants, sinks, gasfixtures, shades, globes, etc. They are widely known for their modern methods of plumbing, gasfitting, and house drainage. Contracts of any magnitude are made, and the complete fitting up of buildings is satisfactorily executed, while the prices charged for all work are extremely just and moderate. Both are natives of St. Louis.

THE VETERAN AND RAILROAD MEN'S ARTIFICIAL LEG MANUFACTURING CO.

Even in the busy and bright city of St. Louis, and this glorious country of ours we must expect some misfortunes, and what can be greater than the loss of a leg? To supply this great loss, as near as nature, the Veteran and Railroad Men's Artificial Leg Manufacturing Co. aims to do. The offices and manufactory of this splendid concern are at the northwest corner of Broadway and Pine streets, with entrance at No. 511 Pine street. Mr. Michael Cleary, the sole proprietor of this house, is a native of Ireland, who served honorably through the lace war, and left a limb on a southern battle field. He established his present business seven years ago, after returning from a trip to his native land after the close of the war, and has devoted himself exclusively to the business ever since. Mr. Cleary has a large trade, making from sixty to eighty artificial limbs a year, and guarantees success and satisfaction in every case. United States soldiers are furnished limbs and transportation free. Mr. Cleary is a genial, social gentleman, and being a sufferer can judge of the wants of his afflicted comrades.

193

OLYMPIC THEATRE.

Ever since its opening night in 1867 the Olympic Theatre of St. Louis has been a leading attraction to amusement goers, and its management has been such as to commend it to the general public as eminently worthy of their approbation and support. It is eligibly situated at the corner of Broadway and Walnut street, and for years has been the recognized city theatre for grand and comic opera, melodrama, grand spectacle, and all first-class attractions that are benefited by a stage of extensive dimensions. The Olympic was originally opened on November 25, 1867, and continued in operation till 1881, when the proprietor, Mr. Chas. A. Spalding, erected the present magnificent structure. The interior is spacious, elegantly furnished and perfect in all its arrangements and appointments. There is a large and elegant foyer, spacious lobbies on all floors, ladies' retiring rooms and all modern improvements, including exits on all sides, 1,000 electric lights and a perfect system of heating and ventilation. There are large dressing rooms for actors and actresses and every accommodation for a large company. There is a fine orchestra, and the capacity of the Olympic is 2,409; but when J. K. Emmet was on the boards 8,000 people were admitted. Mr. P. Short, the manager, is well and favorably known to the amusement world, and is a success in catering to theatre goers of the city, bringing on the stage a series of high-class companies in opera, tragedy and comedy, and offering attractions that invariably draw the largest and most appreciative audiences. In addition to Emmet, Booth and Barrett, other stars have appeared here. Mr. Short has been manager since 1882. He was born in Ireland, but has resided in St. Louis since 1868. He is highly esteemed for his ability and integrity, and is extremely popular with the profession and all classes of the community. Mr. Spalding is one of the largest real estate owners in St. Louis, where he owns upwards of $1,000,000 of realty. He is an honorable and progressive business man, and one of our public-spirited and influential citizens.

THE STRAUS-EMERICH OUTFITTING COMPANY.

The facilities enjoyed by the people of St. Louis and vicinity for the purchase of the best and most durable grades of furniture, carpets, bedding, stoves, etc,, are unequalled in any other city of the Union by reason of the existence here of such a live, progressive house as that of the Straus-Emerich Outfitting Company, whose immense stock is by far the most complete and comprehensive to be found in town. The business was founded in 1884, when the present company was organized and incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a capital, paid up, of $40,000, Mr. Martin Emerich becoming president, and Mr. Max Straus secretary and treasurer. Both are young and energetic business men, thoroughly conversant with every detail of the trade, and whose success has been achieved on the basis of dealing in the best and freshest of goods only, sold at the lowest prices, quality considered, ever quoted in St. Louis. The complete outfitting of homes is a specialty, and in this line the popularity of the company is recognized by every one, due to its fair, square, honorable treatment of customers, who can purchase all they want here on easy terms at the lowest cash prices. The company occupies a substantial five story and basement building, 60 feet by 120 in dimensions, at Nos. 1121, 1123 and 1125 Olive street. The establishment presents a very attractive appearance, and has all the improvements, including elevator, to every floor, The vast stock is shown in various distinct departments, on the respective floors, including all styles of plain and cabinet furniture, for parlor, bed-room dining-room and library use; likewise kitchen furniture and outfits, including all sizes of stoves and ranges. Another department is devoted to a magnificent stock of new patterns of carpets — in finest Wiltons, Brussels, tapestry, ingrains, etc. Here also are full lines of rugs, oil-cloths, mats and matting, etc. The finest and purest of bedding is a specialty, while all necessary house furnishing goods can be had here in any grade, including lace curtains, refrigerators, baby carriages, chinaware, cutlery, woodenware, etc. Upwards of forty employees are required to secure to the numerous customers prompt attention and delivery of goods, and the sales this year are far in excess of any previous record. This shows what the company is doing for the public. It has ever pursued an honorable and an equitable policy, affording an opportunity to all honest and worthy families to purchase such household goods as they may require, and giving them the easiest possible terms of payment. In this way thousands of homes in St. Louis and its suburbs have been fully furnished, and a large trade developed that has placed this responsible company far in the van of all competition.

SONNENFELD MILLINERY COMPANY.

The "Sonnenfeld Millinery Company" represents a business that was founded many years ago by the firm of Britton & Smith, succeeded by Messrs. Nunes & Britton, who were followed by S. J. Britton & Co. The latter were finally succeeded by the firm of H. Sonnenfeld & Co. The business had a rapid and substantial growth, and on January 24, 1889, the important interests involved were duly organized and incorporated under the title of the "Sonnenfield Millinery Company," with a paid-up capital of $80,000, the late Mr. H. Sonnenfeld becoming the President. The company has had remarkable prosperity, and is in every respect the leading concern of the kind in St Louis and the West. Upon the decease of Mr. Sonnenfeld in 1890 Mr. Adolph Rosenthal became president, with Mr. Joseph W. Myer as secretary and treasurer. Both gentlemen bring to bear special qualifications for handling aright this vast concern. The premises occupied are centrally located on the southwest corner of Broadway and St. Charles streets and comprise a substantial and handsome four-story and basement building, 100x132 feet in dimensions. It has the finest show window front of any store in St. Louis, and is one of the most completely and conveniently equipped in the United States. All the modern improvements are here, including two elevators, an independent electric light plant, supplying hundreds of lights, and rendering the store at night as brilliant as noon day. About 250 hands are employed. The company are direct importers of and dealers in every description of millinery, fancy goods, cloaks, toys, notions, etc. The arrangement of the various departments is as follows: Basement — Dynamos, engine Room, etc. The spacious first floor is divided into four sections — the first being devoted to flowers, feathers, millinery trimmings and laces; the second division is devoted to ruchings, ribbons, embroidery, hosiery, etc.; the third is devoted to sunshades and parasols, fancy goods in vast profusion, velvets and silks, leather goods, notions, drugs, patent medicines, perfumery, etc., and the fourth is devoted to ladies' underwear. In the rear is the truly magnificent and complete display of trimmed hats and bonnets in all the newest shapes. The company has its trained buyers abroad, and all the Parisian novelties in each season's modes are shipped direct here. On the second floor is the most complete display in town of ladies' cloaks, sacques, etc. On this floor are the ladies' hairdressing parlors, where shampooing, cutting, dressing, etc., are performed by the best experts in the city. On this floor also are the firm's private offices, and on the third floor is the toy department. Some idea of the magnitude of the business transacted at Sonnenfeld's may be gathered when we state that last year their sales aggregated over $800,000. Mr. Rosenthal was formerly of Portland, Ore., and is a merchant and capitalist of the soundest judgment and greatest executive ability, one whose success is being achieved in the most honorable manner.

194

CHAS. A. DRACH ELECTROTYPE COMPANY

Perhaps no industry is more indispensable than that which pertains to the art of the Electrotyper, Stereotyper and Engraver. Engaged in this department of what may be called the trade arts we find the Chas. A. Drach Electrotype Company, who occupy the third and fourth floors of the old Globe-Democrat building, corner of Fourth and Pine streets. The premises have ample dimensions and are equipped with a complete outfit of improved modern machinery, electric apparatus and appliances for the prompt execution of orders in the best style of the art. A specialty is made of book, newspaper work and fine wood cuts, and of doing every description of electrotyping, engraving and stereotyping. In the different departments of the establishment thirty careful and highly trained workmen pre-employed, and the facilities at hand are fully equal to any demand that may be made upon them. Estimates are cheerfully furnished to city and country patrons, and satisfaction is guaranteed in all cases where commissions are awarded. The splendid business now being conducted by this concern was founded in 1882 by Mr. Chas. A. Drach and continued until July 1st of the past year, when the present company was formed, with Mr. Chas. A. Drach, president; Mr. John Bermel, manager, and Mr. E. C. Drach, secretary. The establishment is the largest of the job in this section of the country, and an immense business is carried on. The officers are all well-known representative men and popular and useful citizens.

MUELLER & FARIBAULT.

A representative real estate house is that of Messrs. Mueller & Faribault, at No. 17 North Tenth street. Mr. C. F. A. Mueller was born in this city and was for twenty-one years confidential man to the firms of Grether & Boeck and Boeck & Co. Mr. W. R. Faribault is from the State of Minnesota and was with J. B. C. Lucas, also as confidential man, for eleven years. Both partners have an intimate acquaintance with the values of property, both present and prospective, in all sections of St. Louis and vicinity. They transact a general real estate business, buying, selling, exchanging and letting of real estate of all kinds, and have upon their books at all times full descriptions of the choicest residence and business properties, vacant lots, etc. They negotiate loans on bond and mortgage on most favorable terms to the borrower. They take full charge of estates, securing responsible tenants, collecting rents, paying taxes and insurance premiums, effecting necessary repairs and improvements. They refer by permission to J. B. C. Lucas, president of the Citizens' Savings Bank; Peter Nicholson, president of the American Exchange Bank; Mr. Peter A. O'Neil, union depot, and D. K. Ferguson president of the Mechanics Bank. Mr. Mueller is a well-known member of the Legion of Honor and Royal Arcanum. Mr. Faribault is a member of the Knights of Honor and Royal Arcanum. Intending purchasers of realty should, in their own interests, give these gentlemen a call before going elsewhere, for there are no better informed men in the city regarding realty, and none in whom will better care of patron's interest be taken.

CHAS. W. TOMFOHRDE.

One of the best equipped pharmacies in the section of St. Louis in which it is located is that of Mr. Chas. W. Tomfohrde, at the northwest corner of Cass avenue and Hagan street. Mr. Tomfohrde, who is a practical, expert pharmacist, established the store in 1884, since which period he has secured an influential patronage from the best families in this neighborhood. The store is elegantly appointed, has an area of 25x45 feet, and fully stocked with a choice, carefully selected assortment of pure, fresh drugs, chemicals, family medicines, pharmaceutical preparations, toilet articles, surgical appliances, supplies for the sick room and everything usually to be found in a well conducted establishment of this kind. The laboratory in the rear of the store is 25x25 feet in area and equipped with all the modern adjuncts necessary for compounding and dispensing medicines correctly with promptitude and filling physicians' prescriptions, which is the special feature of the business. Three clerks are employed, who are under the immediate supervision of Mr. Tomfohrde, and every care is exercised to render the best satisfaction to patrons. Popular prices prevail, and as a consequence a brisk business is done. Mr. Tomfohrde was born and brought up in this city and is a graduate of the St. Louis College of Pharmacy. He is a young man of fine abilities well deserving the success he has won by his ably directed efforts.

GEO. H. BERRY & CO.

One habit, which has been the cause of many a sneer from nations less natural and unaffected than we, is that which many of our young ladies have acquired, namely, chewing gum. It undoubtedly developes the muscles of the face and neck, and with them the bronchial tubes and all those delicate organs in the neighborhood which are subject to so many forms of disease. As ladies are denied the luxury of the cigar we must ignore the opinion of outsiders and allow our girls to do as they please. A serious consideration is the providing of the pure article for their use. In this connection the well-known house of Geo. H. Berry & Co., of No. 318 North Main street, St. Louis, will at once recur to the memory as one of the largest and most reliable in the trade. Mr. Berry began business in 1888, and has built up a trade of imposing dimensions, whose ramifications extend to every part of the United States, requiring the constant services of 125 skilled assistants. The premises are quite in keeping with the magnitude of the industry, consisting of a five-story brick building containing an immense stock of the choicest goods produced. No less than twenty-eight different brands of chewing gum are manufactured here, including all the popular varieties and many others which have been originated by this house, and which are rapidly coming into demand in all parts of the country. These tulu gums are perfectly innocuous and so delicately flavored as to impart a pleasing odor to the breath, acting at the same time as a cleanser and preservative to the teeth, which no powder or paste can equal. Mr. Berry was born in Virginia, and during his ten years' residence here has commanded the respect and esteem of all classes of society for his great business ability and for his sterling integrity manifested in all his commercial transactions.

195

FRUIN-BAMBRICK CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.

The rapid growth of this country in population and wealth has caused a demand for all kinds of public works requiring the highest qualities of engineering skill, and right here we desire to direct attention to the Fruin-Bambrick Construction Company, whose office is at 805 Pine street. This well-known concern was formed in 1883 by the consolidation of the business of the firm of Fruin & Co. and that of Mr. P. Bambrick, and a year later the enterprise incorporated under the laws of the State, with Mr. W. H. Swift as president, J. Fruin as vice-president and Mr. P. Bambrick as secretary. The latter gentleman died in July, 1891, and he has been succeeded in the secretaryship by Mr. Edwin Batdorf. The officers of the company are experts in their line, and contract for and superintend the building of railroads and the construction of water-works, viaducts and all kinds of heavy mason work for all purposes. The company are the owners of Benton, Cheltenham, Grand avenue, Chouteau avenue and Rock Spring quarries, and can furnish the best quality of stone in any quantities that may be desired at the shortest notice. Estimates are furnished and the best satisfaction is guaranteed. This company has done considerable work in this and adjoining States, and furnished the material for many important undertakings which have been carried through successfully. The company constructed large portions of the 'Frisco Railroad in the Indian Territory. They also constructed the Oak Hill road around the city of St. Louis and many of the street railways within this municipality, and they have put in water-works complete at Stillwater, Minn., and in other places. They have on hand a large contract for the erection of depot, yards, etc., for the C, B. & Q. R. R, and another important contract with the city for the construction of water-works and the necessary tunnels, pits and conduits, and are bricking caissons and are running; tunnels for water-works at Pine Bluff, Ark. In their operations, the company employ many hundreds of skilled workmen and laborers, and by their skill, energy and enterprise have done much toward adding to the advancement and prosperity of this community, and we predict for them greatly extended operations in the near future, their services being in demand.

ST. LOUIS RATTAN AND WHEEL WORKS.

A remarkable feature of the furniture trade of St. Louis is the attention that is now given to the production and sale of reed and rattan goods. In this important and artistic industry the representative and most successful house is that of the St. Louis Rattan and Wheel Company, located at 1608 to 1622 South Second street. This business was established in 1875 by Mr. A. Boeker as a retail dealer in rattan goods. In 1889 he commenced the manufacture of reed and rattan chairs, carriages, etc., and in February, 1892, the business was incorporated under the laws of Missouri as a stock company and under the title of the St. Louis Rattan and Wheel Company, whose trade now extends throughout all sections of Missouri and the adjacent States. They occupy and own a commodious three-story and basement building 90x40 feet in dimensions, and have recently added a fine four-story brick building, 50x90 feet in size. They are also about to erect a third large brick building, containing four floors and a basement, besides numerous smaller buildings. The company manufacture reed and chair cane and turn out reed and rattan chairs, children's carriages, velocipedes, iron tricycles and safeties, express wagons, etc., which are unrivalled for elegance, workmanship and durability. They employ constantly from 200 to 300 skilled hands, and the machinery is driven by a 125 horse-power steam engine. The capacity of this factory is 300 to 400 pieces of rattan and reed goods daily and in their other lines from 400 to 500 pieces daily. A heavy stock is always on hand and the prices quoted in all cases necessarily attract close and careful buyers. Furniture houses keeping their goods will find they will materially assist their trade in other lines. Mr. Boeker was born in Germany, but has resided in St. Louis since 1872. He is an honorable, enterprising and able business man who is very popular in trade circles. Orders are promptly and carefully filled and all goods are fully warranted, and under the management of the present able executive the business is bound to assume greater proportions.

JOSEPH LINDENSCHMIT GROCER COMPANY.

In catering to the needs of the family in fine staple and fancy groceries there is no house in St. Louis with a better reputation than that known as the Joseph Lindenschmit Grocer Company. This house was established by Mr. Joseph Lindenschmit in 1854 and has had a most prospsrous career. In 1887 the present company was incorporated under the State laws of Missouri with a capital stock of $15,000. Mr. T. Lindenschmit is the president and Mr. George Lang the secretary and treasurer. The patronage of this house is with the best citizens of the city. The stock carried is very large and in addition to the usual supplies of staple groceries of every description includes canned goods in great variety, foreign and domestic delicacies, condiments, preserves, nuts, cheese, pickles, extracts, etc.; also specially selected teas, coffees and spices, and the finest imported and domestic wines and liquors The store is most eligibly located at No. 2802 Olive street and is splendidly appointed, every detail having been carefully studied. The fixtures are of walnut and the place has electric lights. Seven courteous and attentive clerks attend to the needs of patrons, and free delivery of goods is made to any part of the city, as the company owns four fine teams, used especially for this purpose. The gentlemen at the head of this concern are well known and most highly respected in business, financial and social circles and are progressive and active in the conduct of their business. They are reliable and deserve the extensive patronage with which they are honored, and considering the courtesy and attention shown customers it is no more than could be expected. The telephone call is 1897.

JOHN MCMAHON & CO.

In the important business of plumbing no firm has earned a more well-deserved reputation than John McMahon & Co., whose office and store are at 416 North Seventh street. Mr. McMahon, who is a native of Ireland and came to St. Louis a great many years ago, established the business twenty-five years ago, and in 1889 he admitted Mr. John P. Kelleher into partnership under the present style. The premises comprise a spacious ground floor and basement 25x50 feet in area. Here will be found a most complete assortment of plumbers' and gas-fitters' supplies, baths, water closets, urinals, taps of every kind, gasoliers, brackets, globes, pendants, etc., and these are sold at remarkably low prices. A full force of skilled men is employed and the firm does a large trade, in fact everything in the way of plumbing, ventilating, gas and steam-fitting and scientific sewering is undertaken by them. Contracts for the complete fitting of buildings are satisfactorily performed at the lowest prices. They have just completed the sanitary plumbing for the Archbishop's pastoral residence, admitted to be one of the most scientific jobs of plumbing in the West. This firm is the only house in St. Louis making a specialty of lead burning, an industry they have given particular attention to for the past thirty years. They number among their customers many large soap factories and chemical works, where this business becomes necessary. They manufacture all kinds and sizes of tanks for acid purposes of any kind, and they have lately put in a complete plant for the St. Louis Smelting Works.

196

THOS. MORRISON.

In the manufacture and sale of tents, awnings, etc., the representative and most successful house in St. Louis is that of Mr. Thos. Morrison, whose salesrooms and factory are situated at 214 North Second street. Mr. Morrison first commenced business in this city in 1861 in the ship chandlery and rigging trade. He continued in this trade till 1877, when he embarked in his present business. Mr. Morrison occupies a spacious five-story brick building 25x150 feet in area, fully equipped with all modern appliances for the successful prosecution of this useful and important industry. Here from fifty to seventy-five skilled hands are employed, and the trade of the house extends throughout the Middle, Southern and Western States. Mr. Morrison manufactures extensively tents, awnings, tarpaulins, flags, wagon covers, horse covers, water-proof oil clothing and mops. Half of the awnings used in St. Louis are made in this establishment, which has gained an enviable reputation for the superiority and intrinsic merits of its productions. In fact only the best materials are utilized, and the goods produced are unsurpassed in this country for strength, durability and workmanship, while the prices quoted in all cases are exceedingly moderate. Mr. Morrison carefully fills orders and guarantees entire satisfaction to the most exacting patrons. He sells a large quantity of tents to railroad contractors, and his patronage is steadily increasing. He is a progressive and honorable business man and enjoys a well deserved reputation won by his energy and industry.

WHITAKER & GARRETT LUMBER COMPANY.

St. Louis is acknowledged to be the greatest market in the United States for yellow pine lumber, the prices of which are fixed by the quotations here. One of the most notable of the firms engaged in the manufacture and wholesale trade in this great staple product of the South is the Whitaker & Garrett Lumber Company, who recently purchased the plant and succeeded to the business of the Arkansas and Texas Lumber Company, which was incorporated in 1886. The present firm is composed of two gentlemen well known in lumber circles, namely, Mr. W. L. Whitaker and Mr. T. H. Garrett. The former resides at Texarkana, Tex., where one of the two large mills operated is located, and superintends both that and the other at Dubberley, La., while the latter gentleman attends to the St. Louis house, having come to this place from Kansas City on the closing of the branch there and of which he was in charge. His office is at Suite 503, Houser Building, where he efficiently conducts a large and increasing trade. The combined capacity of the mills is 100,000 feet of lumber per day, and in 1890 no less than 30,000,000 feet were shipped to points in Kansas, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa, Ohio, Indiana, Missouri, Illinois, Texas, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. Southern pine timber and lumber is also dealt in largely, and car and cargo lots form the usual modes of shipment. Mr. Whitaker is a native of Texas and Mr. Garrett of Virginia, and both are members of the Southern Lumber Manufacturers' Association and experts in their important vocation. The company have control of some of the finest producing sections in the South and are a thoroughly representative concern.

SLAWSON PRINTING COMPANY.

There is no more attractive or profitable form of advertising than that of having the job work and office stationery of a firm done in first-class artistic style. In this line a leading concern in St. Louis is the well-known house of the Slawson Printing Company, book and job printers, at No. 231 North Main street. The business was first established in 1880 as Slawson & Co, and in 1888 was incorporated under the State laws of Missouri with a capital of $10,000 and the following officers: Mr. Samuel Slawson, president; Mr. S. C. Ryan, vice-president, and Mr. Walter Slawson, secretary and treasurer. The company occupy the second floor of the three-story building at the above number. This is 40x75 feet in size, and the company employ ten men in their work. They are furnished with steam power, have two cylinder and three job presses, and are well equipped for executing the most artistic work in their line of book, job and commercial printing. They have built up a very large trade in all parts of the State and in the South and West. The officers of the company are all practical printers, and have had many years of experience in this line. Mr. Samuel Slawson was born in New York, and has been in St. Louis over thirty-four years. Mr. Ryan was born in Mississippi, and has also been many years in St. Louis. Mr. Walter Slawson was born in New York, and has been thirty years in St. Louis. All are active, energetic gentlemen, and merit their extensive trade.

WERNER ENGRAVING COMPANY.

The improvements in illustration have been phenominal in the last ten years. The style of engravings is greatly improved and the character is better, while the cost has been very materially decreased. St. Louis has a number of first-class engravers who are masters of their art, one of the most prominent and promising being Mr. A. Werner, the accomplished proprietor of the Werner Engraving Company, of 26 South Third street. Mr. Werner is a master of his art, having learned the trade in the old country. He is an accomplished wood engraver, and is thoroughly familiar with all the forms of process engraving. He makes engravings for business cards, portraits and catalogues, and contracts for furnishing complete illustrations for any work, no matter how elaborate. Mr. Werner was born in Germany, and came to St Louis in 1883. He has had sixteen years' experience in his art, and is considered one of the best engravers in St. Louis to-day. He does work for the largest and best known establishments in the city, and keeps four experienced engravers constantly employed. His establishment is conveniently located, and is thoroughly equipped. The patronage is constantly increasing. Mr. Werner is prominent in social circles, and is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

197

JAMES HALPIN MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

The important heating, plumbing, gas and steam-fitting interests of St. Louis are most ably represented by the James Halpin Manufacturing Company, under the presidency of Mr. James Halpin. Mr. Halpin is a native of New York City, who settled here upwards of thirty-five years ago. He has been in business for himself ever since 1861. In 1887 the important interests were incorporated under the State laws with a large paid-up capital, Mr. James Halpin becoming president and treasurer, and Mr. John Halpin, secretary. It operates a large foundry at Belleville, Ill., the premises being of brick, two stories in height and 100x200 feet in dimensions. The shops, foundry, etc, are fully equipped with the latest improved machinery and appliances, run by steam power, and affording employment to upwards of 150 hands in the manufacture of hot air furnaces, ranges and stove castings, ventilators, registers, tin, copper and sheet iron work. The office and salesrooms are centrally located at 1216 Washington avenue, where is carried a large and complete stock of chandeliers, gas fixtures, bowls, closets, valves, tubing and plumbing materials generally. The Halpin furnace has overcome every one of the objectionable features of the old style furnaces. It is a perfect and economical heater and has stood the severest tests under all conditions. To those seeking heating apparatus that is reliable we strongly advise to secure estimates from this company. In hotel and home ranges also it leads the trade.

MCCASLAND OPERA HOUSE.

Through the energy and enterprise of Mr. J. T. McCasland East St. Louis has an opera house that will compare favorably with any in the country. The opera house was opened September 21, 1891, the total cost being $100,000. It is the property of Mr. J. T. McCasland, who is also the manager. The house is a substantial four-story brick building 60x120 feet in dimensions, fully equipped with electric lights, galvanized iron fire-proof entrance, steam heat, elevators, etc. The stage is 38x58 feet in area, and has a capacity of accommodating 1,500 people. The building is practically fire-proof and is provided with numerous exits, the upper tiers having fire escapes. The fresco work and decorations are extremely beautiful and artistic, and were executed by Mr. Peters. Messrs. Noxon & Toomey painted the scenery and drop curtain, which are greatly admired. The following attractions have already been engaged by Mr. McCasland, viz.: Arlington Minstrels, Madison Square Theatre Company, Denman Thompson Two Sisters Company, Pauline Hall Opera Company, Field's Minstrels, Limited Mail, Paul Kauvar, Roland Reed, The Burglar, Captain Karl, Bottom of the Sea, Downing & Hasson, Eunice Goodrich, Little Tycoon, Fast Mail, return engagement, Roland Reed, A Knotty Affair, A Pair of Jacks, Oh What a Night, The Hustler, Waifs of New York, Royal Pass, Old Homestead, Pete Baker, Ole Olson, The Stowaway, McCarthy's Mishaps, Harry Lacy and many others. Mr. McCasland is supported by Mr. J. H. Quinn, the business manager; Mr. T. T. Cullen, the treasurer; Mr. A. Ginthert, the leader of the orchestra, and Mr. Theo. Bonroe, the electrician. Mr. McCasland is a wealthy real estate dealer, and has just completed a splendid eight-story hotel in East St. Louis at a cost of $250,000.

DAN. SHINE & BRO.

Prominent among the leading contractors and bricklayers of St. Louis is the old established concern of Messrs. Dan. Shine & Bro., whose office is located at 1917 Olive street. This prosperous business was established about twenty-five years ago by Mr. Dan. Shine, who conducted it till 1888, when he admitted his brother, Mr. Dennis Shine, into partnership. They have built numbers of houses and other structures in St. Louis and its vicinity, giving entire satisfaction to patrons. Their list includes the Custom House, Museum of Fine Arts, Smith Academy, Merry Institute, Catlin's Tobacco Factory, Liggett & Myers' Tobacco Factory, Crystal City Glass Works, etc. Mr. Dennis Shine still continues the business and closely follows specifications and promptly furnishes estimates on all kinds of brickwork, while Mr. Dan. Shine confines himself to job brick work of all sorts, additions and repairs, at the old stand 1917 Olive street. Both Messrs. Daniel and Dennis Shine were brought up in the city of St. Louis. Mr. Dan. Shine's residence is at 3818 Finney avenue, and Mr. Dennis Shine resides at 3640 Page avenue. Both partners own their residences and also their premises at 1917 Olive street. They closely follow specifications and promptly furnish estimates on all kinds of brickwork and make a specialty of all kinds of job brickwork, additions and repairs, which is attended to in person by Mr. Daniel Shine.

WITTENBERG

Many advances have been made in the art of wood engraving during the past two decades and it might be fairly said that perfection has been attained. For more than twenty years the firm of Wittenberg & Sorber have been engaged in this special business in St. Louis and as designers, engravers on wood and photo engravers have no superiors in the city. All their work bears the impress of the master hand and is unexcelled in neatness, elegance and artistic workmanship. The firm execute all kinds of work in this line, making a specialty of fine engravings for books, catalogues and illustrations. The premises occupied, consisting of two floors, at the southwest corner of Third and Chestnut streets, have been utilized for the purposes of the business since 1887, and are well equipped with all the necessary tools, machinery and accessories needed for turning out high class work in a superior style. An extensive business is carried on and twelve to fifteen expert artists are employed. The trade comes from the city principally, but many large orders from all the surrounding cities and towns are filled. The co-partners are Mr. Paul Wittenberg and Mr. Richard Brown, Mr. Sorber having retired as partner, but he is still actively connected with the firm in his capacity as artist. They have resided in St. Louis many years, and it should be said to their credit that they are the leading wood engravers in the city. Their work will always bear the closest scrutiny and inspection and is always executed in the highest style of the art.

198

SOUTHERN COOPERAGE COMPANY.

A representative industry, with its headquarters permanently located in St. Louis, is that of the Southern Cooperage Company, which has achieved the enviable reputation of producing the finest and most durable barrels and kegs on the market. This flourishing concern dates its inception back to 1864, when the Windel & Wirthlin Manufacturing Company started in business. Success attended their efforts, and eventually they were succeeded by the present company, which was duly incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with a capital stock of $100,000 paid up. The concern was removed to the present location in 1883, which is central, and has unsurpassed shipping facilities to every section of the country. The premises are 125x240 feet in dimensions, on which are erected a three-story brick mill and large sheds, besides storage for stave bolts, etc. The latest improved facilities and the best of machinery have been introduced, and the company is noted for its progressive methods under President Robert L. Wirthlin's guidance and the able general management of Mr. G. A. Will. Upwards of 125 hands are employed in the various departments in the manufacture of white oak barrels and kegs of all standard sizes for all purposes, and which afford universal satisfaction to the trade and consumers everywhere. Well buckets are also a specialty. Only the choicest of materials are used, while the company employs none but skilled workmen and turns out the finest finished barrels, kegs and buckets on the market, They have agencies established in all prominent cities all over the United States, and are enabled to offer the most substantial inducements as to prices and quality by reason of their superior manufacturing facilities and nearness to the best cooperage stock to be found. Mr. Robert L. Wirthlin, the president, and Mr. Henry Fredrich, the vice-president and superintendent, are well known and respected St. Louis business men, of the soundest judgment and marked executive ability. Mr. Will brings to bear special qualifications as secretary and general manager, while Mr. Oliver R. Wirthlin is the popular assistant superintendent. The company has won a great success on the basis of the best work only at moderate prices, and St. Louis is to be congratulated upon the possession of such an important industry.

A. J. NEIMEYER LUMBER COMPANY.

The Mississippi river with its great tributaries drain an area of no less than 1,000,000 square miles, and many of these tributaries tap the richest wooded sections of country, sections that yield the finest lumber and timber, for the distribution of which St. Louis has naturally become the principal center. Prominently identified with the trade is the A. J. Neimeyer Lumber Company, doing business as manufacturers and wholesale dealers in yellow pine lumber and dealers in white pine lumber of the finest grades. The company was incorporated in 1886 with a capital of $80,000, the officers being A. J. Neimeyer, president, and Chas. Neimeyer, treasurer, and Chas. A. Antrim, secretary, with J. P. Woods manager of the white pine department. The head office is located at Room 508 Granite Block in this city, and the mills, which are the most complete for saw and planning purposes, etc, are situated at Waldo, Ark., where are produced flooring, ceiling, siding, casing, finishing and base and yellow pine moulding, corner, plinth and base blocks. These mills with their yards cover a very extensive area of ground. Shipments are made in car lots direct from these establishments to consumers in all parts. Mr. A. J. Neimeyer, the president, is one of the most expert lumbermen in the West. He is a member of the Southern Lumber Manufacturers' Association, of the St Louis Lumber Exchange and of the Merchants' Exchange. He is ably assisted by his brother officers of the company and is steadily building up a large trade.

THEO. E. SETZER.

Mr. Theo. E. Setzer is admitted to be one of the most capable artist photographers in this city. He has been established in business for the past seven years, having had in all fifteen years of experience. His gallery is located at No. 1633 South Broadway, where he occupies the entire building. He uses the first floor as an office, picture gallery and waiting rooms. The second floor is utilized for operating rooms and is fitted with the latest and most approved appliances, cameras, scenery, lights and every possible aid to complete work. The third floor is used for printing and retouching rooms, etc. The gallery of celebrities and notables, as well as numerous residents of this city, is well worthy of a visit. He makes a specialty of bridal and cabinet group pictures and his work has the highest possible finish, with all the excellencies of artistic pose, careful retouching and perfect printing. Mr. Setzer is a native of this city, and is well known as a leading artist in his profession.

HOME MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

The leading representative of the trade in druggists' specialties and grocers' sundries in St. Louis is recognized as the Home Manufacturing Company, No. 8 South Commercial street and No. 4 South Levee. This business was established several years ago by the Home Manufacturing Company, which was succeeded by the St. Louis Wine Company. In 1888 it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri as the "Home Manufacturing Company" with a paid up capital of $75,000, and its trade, which is steadily increasing, extends throughout all sections of Missouri, Georgia, Texas, Florida, the South and Southwest. The executive officers, Mr. Fred. Manget, the president and treasurer, and Mr. J. W. Gaines, the secretary, have had long experience in this important industry. They occupy a spacious and substantial five-story and basement building 30x120 feet in area. The laboratory is fully equipped with modern apparatus and appliances, and a full staff of assistants is employed. An immense stock of the best grades of druggists' specialties and grocers' sundries is always on hand, and the company also manufactures extensively bitters, cordials, patent medicines, cough syrups, perfumery, Florida water, etc. Both as to quality, purity and price the goods offered by this responsible house present superior inducements to the trade, and in every case give entire satisfaction. Orders are filled promptly and carefully, and the best interests of patrons are closely and intelligently promoted. The officers are honorable and enterprising business men, who have achieved a very substantial success.

199

WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY.

Few persons will now dispute the right of the sewing machine to be placed on a level with its wonderful rivals of the present century — the steam engine and the telegraph. In fact the inventor of the sewing machine has conferred a blessing on women, and has brought many comforts within the reach of all, which were once only enjoyed by the wealthy. In this connection special reference is made to the reliable and successful. White Sewing Machine Company, manufacturers of the famous White Sewing Machine, whose offices and salerooms in St. Louis are at 1114 Olive street. The company's headquarters and works are at Cleveland, O. Already 1,000,000 White sewing machines are in the hands of the people, and its intrinsic merits and superiority are now widely known in all parts of the world. Its wearing qualities cannot be questioned. It will last a life time, while its range of work excels that of any sewing machine yet produced. Its high arm, automatic bobbin winder, vibrator stitch regulator, self-setting needle, simple shuttle, perfect tension, positive take up, double feed, belt shifting device and adjustable parts are elements of perfection that defy competition. The company's line of attachments is incomparable and their new bent woodwork excels anything in the market to-day. Those who wish a sewing machine embodying all the best results of inventive skill, and constructed to do the best of service for a life time, should not fail to examine this popular company's machines, which are unrivalled for tailors, seamstresses, dressmakers, manufacturers of clothing, corsets, shirts, all kinds of white goods, gloves and light leather work, etc., while as a family machine it has no equal in America or Europe. The White machines are now largely used in all sections of the United States, Canada and Mexico, and are also exported largely to Central and South America, Europe, India, Africa and Australia, in fact to all parts of the civilized globe. In St. Louis the premises occupied comprise a spacious four-story building 30x110 feet in area, fully equipped with every convenience. Here fifty persons are employed and the branch is under the energetic and careful management of Mr. Chas. W. Fliedner, who is widely known for his promptness and strict integrity. The company furnishes free with each machine a tucker, ruffler and set of hemmers, a feller, braider, quilter, gauge and screw, six bobbins, etc.; also the celebrated White embroidering attachment and the White hemstitching attachment, which specialties are made only for the "White." They warrant every White Family Machine for five years, while the price quoted for it is exceedingly moderate.

ANTHONY & KUHN BREWERY

No better illustration of the enterprise and energy of our St. Louis brewers can be had than in the fact that their lager beer is not only in great demand in the city, but is also shipped in large quantities. Much of the credit for the fame of St. Louis lager is due to the celebrated Anthony & Kuhn Brewery, eligibly located on Eleventh and Victor streets. This brewery was built in 1870 by Messrs. Anthony & Kuhn, who conducted it till 1888, when it was incorporated under the laws of Missouri, with ample capital. In 1889 it was merged into the widely known St. Louis Brewing Association, which controls eighteen leading breweries of the Mound City, and has a paid-up capital of $10,000,000. The Anthony & Kuhn brewery covers an entire block. The brewery, bottling house and surrounding buildings are extensive and are constructed in a most substantial and durable manner, while the greatest care is exercised by the managers to secure absolute cleanliness in all operations. The brewery contains every modern improvement, the immense fermenting vats, mash tubs, kettles, boilers, steam engines, pumps, etc., all bespeak the large capital invested and the perfection of the arrangements. Here are an "Arctic" and a "Consolidated" ice machine in full operation, which have a capacity of 155 tons of ice daily. They employ 100 hands in the brewery, 40 men in the bottling departments and 16 teams delivering orders in the city and its vicinity. The capacity of the brewery is 70,000 barrels of lager annually, and a specialty is made of export bottled beer. Anthony & Kuhn's lager is unsurpassed for purity, quality, flavor and uniform excellence. Mr. H. Anthony, the manager, and Mr. F. G. Schoenthaler, the assistant manager, are authorities on everything pertaining to brewing. Their export bottled beer, under the brand XXX, possesses rare tonic and strengthening properties, is absolutely free from adulteration or deleterious elements, and altogether is the best and purest lager in the market.

ST. LOUIS FRUIT COMPANY.

One of the largest and most reputable concerns active in the business of handling foreign and domestic fruits is that of the St. Louis Fruit Company, whose office and warehouse are at 841 North Third street. The building is a four-story structure, having a frontage of 60 feet and extending through to 818 North Fourth street, a depth of 150 feet. The foundation of this concern dates from 1881, when operations were begun by Mr. M. J. Kavanagh. Subsequently the firm of Kavanagh Bros, was formed and the business was continued by them until 1888, when Mr. Kavanagh died. In March, 1889, the Kavanagh Fruit Company was incorporated and continued for a time, when the present company — St. Louis Fruit Company — was organized, with Mr. J. H. Kavanagh president, M. J. Kavanagh vice-president, M. J. Gundinning, secretary, and J. C. Kavanagh treasurer. The premises occupied are equipped with every convenience for meeting the demands of the trade and receiving consigments. Resident buyers represent the company in California, Florida and other fruit-producing sections, and an extensive business is carried on. The company also imports largely foreign fruits and nuts of all kinds, and supplies a large trade both in the city and throughout Missouri, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas and Arkansas. This concern always has the finest and best foreign and domestic fruits to be found in the city and can name prices that cannot be otherwise than satisfactory. A general commission business is also done, and prompt returns are always made consigners. This is one of the most reputable concerns in the business in the city. All the officers of the company are natives of Illinois. Mr. J. H. Kavanagh, the president, is a popular member of the Royal Arcanum. Orders are filled promptly, consignments disposed of and all business carefully attended to satisfactorily.

200

THE GUERDAN HAT COMPANY.

An old established and popular house, widely and favorably known throughout this city, is that known as the Guerdan Hat Company, located at the corner of Broadway and Walnut streets, under the Southern Hotel. This business was inaugurated in 1849, and subsequently the business came under the control of the Guerdan Hat Company, with Mr. Nicholas Guerdan as manager, with the able assistance of his son, Mr. George Guerdan. The store occupied is one of the leading and most attractive on this popular thoroughfare, and it is perfectly appointed throughout, being spacious and commodious in size and having entrances from the hotel as well as the street. Ten polite and efficient salesmen attend to the wants of patrons, and a large, first-class and varied assortment of goods is at all times fonnd here, embracing all the new, fashionable styles of silk and derby hats, and also soft bats and caps of every kind in great variety, all of which are extremely reasonable in price. The house handles American goods only, which are made expressly for it by the leading manufacturers. The stock is always full and complete, and contains everything seasonable and desirable, and those in search of the newest fashions are always sure of finding them at this store. It is hardly necessary to add that the stock displayed is one of the most complete and best deserving of attention from the public to be seen in the city. Mr. Guerdan, the manager, is a thorough gentleman and well liked by all who know him or come in contact with him, and under his energetic management the business has become highly successful. His son, Mr. Geo. Guerdan, is also a most estimable gentleman who contributes in no small degree to the immense and popular success this house has attained. They strictly adhere to the motto on their card: "First-class goods," "Leading styles," "Largest assortment" and "Lowest prices."

ST. LOUIS IRON AND MACHINE WORKS.

The St. Louis Iron and Machine Works have achieved a national reputation in the construction of heavy machinery, steam engines and castings generally. The business was established in 1856 by Messrs. G. H. Timmerman & Co. In 1875 the important interests involved were incorporated, under the existing name and style, with a paid-up capital of $200,000. The officers are as follows: Mr. G. H. Timmerman, president; Mr. H. Krutzsch, vice-president and manager, and Mr. J. H. Timmerman, secretary and treasurer. The works occupy a desirable location on Chouteau avenue, Main and Second streets, covering an entire square. Here have been specially erected substantial one, two and three-story brick buildings. The foundry is considered the most completely fitted up of any in the West, and the machine shop has all the latest type of machine tools and appliances, powerful travelers, lathes, planers, boring and milling machines, steam hammers, etc. The plant is so admirably located that all materials can be handled direct from the railroad tracks. The company has constructed the finest Corliss engines and steamboat engines ever made. The concern has also achieved an enviable reputation for its cotton compresses, plate glass machinery, hoisting travelers, mining machinery, dry press brick machinery, especially their patented machine, the "Lion," all designed and constructed upon improved methods. Upwards of 175 hands are employed and a business of some $2,000,000 annually is transacted. Mr. G. H. Timmerman has been a resident of St. Louis since 1844 and Mr. Krutzsch since 1871, and both are business men of standing in the community, and are looked upon as leaders in their line of business.

HUGH M. THOMPSON.

Mr. Hugh M. Thompson, the popular notary public and trader in all kinds of real estate, agent for the sale of mineral wool and secretary of the Hydraulic and Steam Brick Machine Company of East St. Louis, has resided in this city many years, thirty-six of which he was engaged in the manufacture of sewer and drain pipe, fire brick, clay, etc. In 1889 he established his present business and occupies neatly fitted up offices in the building No. 108 North Ninth street. He handles and deals in St. Louis residence and business property, houses, factories, hotels, etc., city lots, suburban places, acre tracts, farms, ranches, timber lands, etc. The company for which he is agent own the patent and are the sole manufacturers of mineral wool from granite and other rock in the United States. The factory of the company is in the southern part of St. Louis and has a capacity for turning out from ten to twenty tons daily. Mineral wool, like asbestus, is indestructible, odorless, fire-proof, frost-proof, an excellent insulator, and makes a good and cheap substitute for it. It is much cheaper and more abundant than asbestus. It is a non-conductor of heat and is very desirable for refrigerators, ice houses, breweries and linings in walls and floors of buildings; for fire-proofing, roofing, coverings, coatings, cements, sheating felt, mill boards, deadening sound by filling space between walls, partitions, floors and roofs, for making wall papers and "papier mache." Now that it can be produced in abundance and cheaply by this company it will be used for various other purposes.

WELDON & ROGERS.

The artistic design of our numerous homes and the increasing business demands of our city give abundant opportunity for the conducting of a first-class house, sign and decorative painting business, where the proprietor is progressive, capable and reliable. Such a house is that known as Weldon & Rogers, who have been established for over five years. They give attention to all branches of painting, making contracts for painting any kind of building, and do all kinds of frescoing, decorative work, etc. Their fancy sign work is executed in the highest style of the art, being under the personal supervision of the proprietors. The gentlemen who conduct this business have long experience and practical skill, Mr. Henry Weldon is a native of New Orleans, who came to this city many years ago and has become well known in our leading business circles. Mr. George Rogers was born in New York and has also resided here a number of years. A fine stock of paints, oils, dryers, putty, glass, brushes and other requisites is carried at their store, 2742 Olive street, where all orders receive prompt and careful attention.

S. LOEWENSTEIN.

There is no greater convenience in any locality than a a first-class grocery and family supply store. None in St. Louis take higher rank in that line than the splendid establishment of Mr. S. Loewenstein, dealer in staple and fancy groceries, meats and vegetables, at Nos. 1601 to 1607 Park avenue. Mr. Loewenstein established his present business about five years ago at the same location, and has met with a most liberal patronage ever since. He occupies two large and conveniently arranged rooms, that at No. 1601 being occupied by a large and well selected stock of staple and fancy groceries, foreign and domestic fruits, canned goods and table delicacies of all kinds. At No. 1607 is the cleanly and neatly arranged meat and vegetable market. Here Mr. Loewenstein carries a choice line of fresh, smoked and cured meats, sausages, lard and fresh vegetables in season. Mr. Loewenstein is among the most prosperous merchants in his locality. He employs five courteous and affable assistants, and has three teams engaged in delivering orders. Mr. Loewenstein is an energetic and capable young gentleman, a native of St. Louis and one who has spent all of his life in the Mound City.

201

RAYMOND

An industry that has grown to large proportions in St. Louis is that of the manufacture of silk and stiff hats. The business is represented by none so well as Raymond & Torwegge, whose office and factory is at 720 and 722 North Fourth street. Mr. Wm, Raymond began the business in 1868 and continued it until 1870, when he was joined by Mr. H. J. Torwegge, and as Raymond & Torwegge a large trade was built up. Mr. Raymond died some time ago, and was succeeded by Mr. J. L. Rose, but the old firm name has been retained. Many improvements, however, have been made in the factory and the operations extended. The firm occupy three floors, the third, fourth and fifth, each 40x90 feet in area, and these are splendidly equipped with everything needed in their special industry. The scope of manufacture embraces fine silk, cassimere and fine hand-made stiff hats of a superior quality, and employment is given to from forty to fifty skilled hands in the different departments. The firm is always the first to introduce the new styles, which are received direct from London and New York, and they name prices that are always satisfactory to the trade. Their goods are staple on the market, and the demand, which comes from Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin, Minnesota Iowa, now already very heavy, is steadily increasing. The members of the firm are practical hat makers and have ever maintained a wide reputation for the high standard character of their goods.

MEAGHER & NAGLE.

Many of our most able, energetic citizens are to be found engaged in important realty operations, and well known among these is the firm of Meagher & Nagle, who occupy offices at the southeast corner of Ninth and Chestnut streets. The co-partners, Mr. Wm. A. Meagher and Mr. J. M. Nagle, are experienced, practical men of tact and sagacity, and have developed a solid connection in all branches of the real estate business. They negotiate loans of all kinds, buy, sell, exchange, lease and rent property of every description in the city and vicinity, collect rents, take the entire management of estates and secure good tenants, pay taxes for absent and non-resident owners, and make investments, in which branch they exercise that care and judgment so necessary to obtain the best results for the investor. They have the fullest confidence of leading capitalists and property owners; and, owing to the wide range and superior character of their connections, are prepared to dispose of realty at fair values, while offering to conservative investors the best possible bargains that are guaranteed to produce a steady income and a prospective increase within a reasonable time. Their services are particularly valuable to parties dealing in realty or in need of loans, as all their business is faithfully and honorably attended to with promptness and dispatch. Mr. Meagher was born in Ireland, and has resided in this city since boyhood, and Mr. Nagle is a native of Pennsylvania, and has also lived in St. Louis since early life. Both gentlemen were connected with the well-known firm of M. A. Wolf & Co. They have always enjoyed a successful career and the regard of all with whom they have had business relations.

GRABLE & WEBER.

With the rapid increase of population, refinement and wealth in the leading cities of the United States has developed a growing demand for the blending of the artistic and the beautiful with the idea of utility in architecture. The results have been extremely gratifying to the advocates of progress in this most important profession. Among the firms who have acquired a wide reputation for their great skill and artistic conceptions as architects in this city the firm of Grable & Weber rank among the first. It was established in 1849 by Mr. A. Grable, who came to this city from his home in Kentucky, and has ever since been identified with her development and progress. In 1881 Mr. A. Weber was admitted to the firm and the present style adopted. Mr. Weber is a native of Ohio, but was reared in St. Louis, and is an experienced and progressive architect of pronounced and recognized ability. This firm has the patronage of the most progressive citizens of our city. They have designed and superintended the construction of many of the most elegant residences that have done so much toward making our city famous for homes, in addition to numerous large buildings and public edifices. Their business, already large, is increasing with great rapidity, the work constantly requiring the services of many assistants of experience and skill. Their offices are in Rooms 11 and 12, 509 Olive street, where information is cheerfully furnished and most courteous treatment extended to all.

GEO. SAHM & SONS BOOT AND SHOE COMPANY.

The manufacture of boots and shoes in St. Louis involves no inconsiderable capital and furnishes lucrative employment to many hands. An old established house actively engaged in this line of manufacture is that of the Geo. Sahm & Sons Boot & Shoe Company. The business was established in 1855 at Boonville by Mr. Geo. Sahm, who, by untiring industry and the production of superior goods, acquired a wide reputation and built up a large, substantial trade. In 1885 he formed the present company, removed to this city, and has since occupied five spacious floors, each 50x80 feet in area, of the double building Nos. 1126-1128 North Third street. The machinery with which the factory is replete embodies every improvement or novel advantage known to the most advanced in the trade, and adds greatly to the perfection of the boots and shoes produced as well as the rapidity with which they are made. Electric power is used and 100 experienced operators are employed. The output of the factory daily is 500 pairs of men's, boys' and youths' boots and shoes, or, in round numbers, 150,000 pairs annually. A general line of boots and shoes is manufactured, including hand-pegged, standard screwed, McKay sewed and Goodyear welt, which are specialties. The goods are standar